“United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (HPSCI), also known as the House Intelligence Committee, is a committee of the United States House of Representatives, currently chaired by Adam Schiff. It is the primary committee in the U.S. House of Representatives charged with the oversight of the United States Intelligence Community, though it does share some jurisdiction with other committees in the House, including the Armed Services Committee for some matters dealing with the Department of Defense and the various branches of the U.S. military.

The committee was preceded by the Select Committee on Intelligence between 1975 and 1977. {{USBill|95|hres|658|pipe=House Resolution 658}} established the permanent select committee, which gave it status equal to a standing committee on July 14, 1977.

Jurisdiction

The committee oversees all or part of the following executive branch departments and agencies:

History

Prior to establishing the permanent select committee in 1977, the House of Representatives established the "Select Committee on Intelligence", commonly referred to as the "Pike Committee", so named after its last chairman, Otis G. Pike of New York. The select committee had originally been established in February 1975 under the chairmanship of Congressman Lucien Nedzi of Michigan. Following Nedzi's resignation in June, the committee was reconstituted with Pike as chair, in July 1975, with its mandate expiring January 31, 1976. Under Pike's chairmanship, the committee investigated illegal activities by the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) and the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).

The final report of the Pike Committee was never officially published, due to Congressional opposition. However, unauthorized versions of the draft final report were leaked to the press. CBS News reporter Daniel Schorr was called to testify before Congress, but refused to divulge his source.^[1] Major portions of the report were published by The Village Voice, and a full copy of the draft was published in England.

During the 1980s the HPSCI worked to acquire access to covert action notifications of the CIA, as well as to strengthen the role of the committee in intelligence agency funding. Under the Reagan administration, the HPSCI and United States Senate Select Committee on Intelligence (SSCI) worked with the Director of Central Intelligence William J. Casey on what was known as the "Casey Accords". The accords required that covert action findings were to be accompanied by "scope papers" that included a risk/gain assessment of each such activity. However, the deal was not acceptable to the HPSCI, and after the Iran-contra scandal, more pressure was placed on strengthening the oversight of committees.^[2]

In 2017, the committee was tasked along with the SSCI to determine the degree of Russian interference in 2016 US elections.^[3] The committee has also been investigating allegations of wiretapping of President Donald Trump, as well as ties between Russian officials and members of Donald Trump's presidential campaign.^[4]^[5] The committee came under intense scrutiny in 2017-2018 due to allegations of partisanship and leaks of classified information by members of the committee and their staff. In March 2018, the investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 elections was abruptly ended by the committee's Republican members despite the assertion by Democratic members that the investigation was incomplete and had failed to gather pertinent information. Notably, House Intelligence Republicans released a draft of their investigatory report which contradicted some findings of the U.S. Intelligence Community and was written without the input of House Democrats.^[6]^[7] In the wake of bitter disagreement about the committee's findings, Republican committee member Tom Rooney claimed that the committee had "lost all credibility" and had become "a political forum for people to leak information to drive the day's news."^[8] In July 2018, the chair of the committee, Representative Devin Nunes, accused the Department of Justice, and its Federal Bureau of Investigations, of "stonewalling" the committee's investigation and taking partisan sides with regard to its Russia investigation.^[9]

With change of Party leadership in the House for the 116th United States Congress, the Committee launched a probe of Trump's finances and Russian ties in February 2019.^[10]

Members, 116th Congress

Historical membership rosters

115th Congress

Source: U.S. House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence: [https://web.archive.org/web/20150108015324/http://intelligence.house.gov/about/hpsci-majority-members HPSCI Majority] and Minority Members.

114th Congress

Subcommittees

Chairs

Select Committee Chairs

Permanent Select Committee Chairs

See also

Notes

1. ^U.S. House. Hearings Before the Committee on Standards of Official Conduct. Investigation of Publication of Select Committee on Intelligence Report. 94th Congress, 2nd session. July 19, 20, 21, 22, 26, 27, 28 and 29, September 8, 14, 15, 1976.
2. ^{{Cite book|title=The Agency & The Hill CIA's Relationship with Congress, 1946–2004|last=Snider|first=L. Britt|publisher=|year=|isbn=|location=https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/books-and-monographs/agency-and-the-hill/05-The%20Agency%20and%20the%20Hill_PartI-Chapter2.pdf|page=63}}
3. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21718569-some-republicans-congress-have-become-little-braver-about-saying-so-donald-trumps|title=Donald Trump’s habit of making accusations without evidence is corrosive|website=The Economist|access-date=2017-03-19}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/powerpost/five-things-to-watch-at-the-house-intelligence-committee-russia-hearing/2017/03/19/53f7a492-0cb5-11e7-9b0d-d27c98455440_story.html|title=Five things to watch at the House Intelligence Committee’s Russia hearing|website=Washington Post|access-date=2017-03-19}}
5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.businessinsider.com/trump-russia-collusion-investigation-fbi-nunes-schiff-2017-3|title=House Intelligence Committee member on the Russia-Trump investigation: 'There is more than circumstantial evidence now'|website=Business Insider|access-date=2017-03-25}}
6. ^{{cite web | title=Russia probe: House intel Republicans end investigation, find 'no evidence' of collusion | website=USA TODAY | date=2018-03-12 | url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/politics/2018/03/12/russia-probe-house-intel-republicans-end-investigation-despite-dem-protests/411745002/ | access-date=2018-03-15}}
7. ^{{cite web | last=Megerian | first=Chris | title=Republicans wind down House Intelligence Committee's Russia investigation, claiming no evidence of collusion | website=latimes.com | date=2018-03-13 | url=http://www.latimes.com/politics/la-na-pol-house-russia-investigation-20180312-story.html | access-date=2018-03-15}}
8. ^{{cite web | last=Squitieri | first=Jason | title=Republican member of House Intel Committee says it has 'lost all credibility' | website=CNN | date=2018-03-13 | url=https://www.cnn.com/2018/03/12/politics/house-intel-rep-tom-rooney-russia-investigation-erin-burnett-outfront-cnntv/index.html | access-date=2018-03-15}}
9. ^{{cite news |last=Kredo |first=Adam |date=17 July 2018 |title=Intel Chair: FBI, DOJ Obstructing Trump Probe in Hope of Dem Takeover in Congress |url=http://freebeacon.com/national-security/intel-chair-fbi-doj-obstructing-trump-probe-hope-dem-takeover-congress/ |work=Free Beacon |location=Washington, D.C. |access-date=17 July 2018 }}
10. ^https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/politics/ct-trump-russia-house-probe-20190206-story.html