释义 |
- History
- Postmasters General under the Continental Congress
- Postmasters general over the U.S. Post Office Department, 1789–1971 As non-Cabinet department, 1789–1829 As cabinet department, 1829–1971
- Postmasters General over the U.S. Postal Service, 1971–present
- Living former Postmasters General
- ADDRESS
- See also
- Notes
- External links
{{Refimprove|date=July 2013}}{{Infobox official post | post = United States Postmaster General | insignia = Seal of the United States Department of the Post Office.svg | insigniasize = 120 | insigniacaption = Seal of the former Post Office Department | image = Megan Brennan USPMG at 225th Anniversary of U.S. Coast Guard stamp event.jpg | incumbent = Megan Brennan | incumbentsince = February 1, 2015 | department = United States Postal Service | style = Madam Postmaster General | status = Chief executive | seat = 475 L'Enfant Plaza SW, Washington, D.C. | appointer = Board of Governors | termlength = No fixed term | first = Benjamin Franklin | formation = 1775 | deputy = Deputy Postmaster General | salary = $276,840[1] | website = {{url|http://about.usps.com/who/leadership/pmg-exec-leadership-team.htm|about.usps.com}} }}The Postmaster General of the United States is the chief executive officer of the United States Postal Service; Megan Brennan is the current Postmaster General. Appointed members of the Board of Governors of the United States Postal Service select the Postmaster General and Deputy Postmaster General, who then join the Board. History The office, in one form or another, is older than both the United States Constitution and the United States Declaration of Independence. Benjamin Franklin was appointed by the Continental Congress as the first Postmaster General in 1775, serving just over 15 months. Until 1971, the postmaster general was the head of the Post Office Department (or simply "Post Office" until the 1820s).[2] During that era, the postmaster general was appointed by the President of the United States, with the advice and consent of the United States Senate.[3] From 1829 to 1971, the postmaster general was a member of the President's Cabinet. The Cabinet post of Postmaster General was often given{{when|date=July 2017}} to a new President's campaign manager or other key political supporter, and was considered something of a sinecure. The Postmaster General was in charge of the governing party's patronage, and was a powerful position which held much influence within the party. In 1971, the Post Office Department was re-organized into the United States Postal Service, an independent agency of the executive branch. Therefore, the Postmaster General is no longer a member of the Cabinet and is no longer in the line of presidential succession. The postmaster general is now appointed by nine "governors," appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. The governors, along with the postmaster general and the deputy postmaster general, constitute the full Postal Service Board of Governors.[3][4] The Postmaster General is the second-highest paid U.S. government official, based on publicly available salary information, after the President of the United States.[5] Postmasters General under the Continental Congress Name | Date appointed |
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Benjamin Franklin | July 26, 1775 | Richard Bache | November 7, 1776 | Ebenezer Hazard | January 28, 1782 |
Postmasters general over the U.S. Post Office Department, 1789–1971As non-Cabinet department, 1789–1829 Name | State of Residence | Date appointed | President(s) served under |
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Samuel Osgood (pictured right) Federalist | Massachusetts | September 26, 1789 | Washington | Timothy Pickering Federalist | Pennsylvania[6] | August 12, 1791 | Washington | Joseph Habersham Independent | Georgia | February 25, 1795 | Washington, Adams, Jefferson | Gideon Granger Democratic-Republican Party | Connecticut | November 28, 1801 | Jefferson, Madison | Return J. Meigs, Jr. Democratic-Republican Party | Ohio | March 17, 1814 | Madison, Monroe | John McLean Democratic-Republican Party | Ohio | June 26, 1823 | Monroe, J. Q. Adams |
As cabinet department, 1829–1971- Parties
{{legend2|#EEEEEE|No party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|#EA9978|Federalist|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{Democratic-Republican Party (United States)/meta/color}}|Democratic-Republican|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color}}|Democratic|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{Whig Party (United States)/meta/color}}|Whig|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{Republican Party (United States)/meta/color}}|Republican|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}Political Party | Name | State of Residence | Date appointed | President(s) served under |
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{{color|white|10 | William T. Barry | Kentucky | March 9, 1829 | Jackson |
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{{color|white|11 | Amos Kendall | Kentucky | May 1, 1835 | Jackson, Van Buren |
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{{color|white|12 | John M. Niles | Connecticut | May 19, 1840 | Van Buren |
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{{color|white|13 | Francis Granger | New York | March 6, 1841 | W. H. Harrison, Tyler |
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{{color|white|14 | Charles A. Wickliffe | Kentucky | September 13, 1841 | Tyler |
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{{color|white|15 | Cave Johnson | Tennessee | March 6, 1845 | Polk |
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{{color|white|16 | Jacob Collamer | Vermont | March 8, 1849 | Taylor |
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{{color|white|17 | Nathan K. Hall | New York | July 23, 1850 | Fillmore |
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{{color|white|18 | Samuel Dickinson Hubbard | Connecticut | August 31, 1852 | Fillmore |
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{{color|white|19 | James Campbell | Pennsylvania | March 7, 1853 | Pierce |
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{{color|white|20 | Aaron V. Brown | Tennessee | March 6, 1857 | Buchanan |
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{{color|white|21 | Joseph Holt | Kentucky | March 14, 1859 | Buchanan |
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{{color|white|22 | Horatio King | Maine | February 12, 1861 | Buchanan |
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{{color|white|23 | Montgomery Blair | District of Columbia | March 5, 1861 | Lincoln |
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{{color|white|24 | William Dennison | Ohio | September 24, 1864 | Lincoln, A. Johnson |
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{{color|white|25 | Alexander W. Randall | Wisconsin | July 25, 1866 | A. Johnson |
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{{color|white|26 | John A. J. Creswell | Maryland | March 5, 1869 | Grant |
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{{color|white|27 | James W. Marshall | Virginia | July 3, 1874 | Grant |
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{{color|white|28 | Marshall Jewell | Connecticut | August 24, 1874 | Grant |
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{{color|white|29 | James N. Tyner | Indiana | July 12, 1876 | Grant |
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{{color|white|30 | David M. Key | Tennessee | March 12, 1877 | Hayes |
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{{color|white|31 | Horace Maynard | Tennessee | June 2, 1880 | Hayes |
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{{color|white|32 | Thomas L. James | New York | March 5, 1881 | Garfield, Arthur |
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{{color|white|33 | Timothy O. Howe | Wisconsin | December 20, 1881 | Arthur |
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{{color|white|34 | Walter Q. Gresham | Indiana | April 3, 1883 | Arthur |
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{{color|white|35 | Frank Hatton | Iowa | October 14, 1884 | Arthur |
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{{color|white|36 | William F. Vilas | Wisconsin | March 6, 1885 | Cleveland |
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{{color|white|37 | Donald M. Dickinson | Michigan | January 6, 1888 | Cleveland |
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{{color|white|38 | John Wanamaker | Pennsylvania | March 5, 1889 | B. Harrison |
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{{color|white|39 | Wilson S. Bissell | New York | March 6, 1893 | Cleveland |
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{{color|white|40 | William L. Wilson | West Virginia | March 1, 1895 | Cleveland |
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{{color|white|41 | James A. Gary | Maryland | March 5, 1897 | McKinley |
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{{color|white|42 | Charles Emory Smith | Pennsylvania | April 21, 1898 | McKinley, T. Roosevelt |
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{{color|white|43 | Henry C. Payne | Wisconsin | January 9, 1902 | T. Roosevelt |
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{{color|white|44 | Robert J. Wynne | Pennsylvania | October 10, 1904 | T. Roosevelt |
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{{color|white|45 | George B. Cortelyou | New York | March 6, 1905 | T. Roosevelt |
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{{color|white|46 | George von L. Meyer | Massachusetts | January 15, 1907 | T. Roosevelt |
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{{color|white|47 | Frank H. Hitchcock | Massachusetts | March 5, 1909 | Taft |
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{{color|white|48 | Albert S. Burleson | Texas | March 5, 1913 | Wilson |
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{{color|white|49 | Will H. Hays | Indiana | March 5, 1921 | Harding |
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{{color|white|50 | Hubert Work | Colorado | March 4, 1922 | Harding |
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{{color|white|51 | Harry S. New | Indiana | February 27, 1923 | Harding, Coolidge |
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{{color|white|52 | Walter F. Brown | Ohio | March 5, 1929 | Hoover |
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{{color|white|53 | James A. Farley | New York | March 4, 1933 | F. Roosevelt |
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{{color|white|54 | Frank C. Walker | Pennsylvania | September 10, 1940 | F. Roosevelt, Truman |
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{{color|white|55 | Robert E. Hannegan | Missouri | May 8, 1945 | Truman |
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{{color|white|56 | Jesse M. Donaldson | Missouri | December 16, 1947 | Truman |
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{{color|white|57 | Arthur E. Summerfield | Michigan | January 21, 1953 | Eisenhower |
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{{color|white|58 | J. Edward Day | California | January 21, 1961 | Kennedy |
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{{color|white|59 | John A. Gronouski | Wisconsin | September 30, 1963 | Kennedy, L. Johnson |
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{{color|white|60 | Lawrence F. O'Brien | Massachusetts | November 3, 1965 | L. Johnson |
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{{Color|white|61 | W. Marvin Watson | Texas | April 26, 1968 | L. Johnson |
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{{color|white|62 | Winton M. Blount | Alabama | January 22, 1969 | Nixon |
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|
Postmasters General over the U.S. Postal Service, 1971–present Name | Date appointed[7] | President(s) served under |
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Winton M. Blount | July 1, 1971 | Nixon | E. T. Klassen | January 1, 1972 | Nixon, Ford | Benjamin F. Bailar | February 16, 1975 | Ford, Carter | William F. Bolger | March 15, 1978 | Carter, Reagan | Paul N. Carlin | January 1, 1985 | Reagan | Albert Vincent Casey | January 7, 1986 | Preston Robert Tisch | August 16, 1986 | Anthony M. Frank | March 1, 1988 | Reagan, H.W. Bush | Marvin Travis Runyon | July 6, 1992 | H.W. Bush, Clinton | William J. Henderson | May 16, 1998 | Clinton, Bush | John E. Potter | June 1, 2001 | Bush, Obama | Patrick R. Donahoe | January 14, 2011 | Obama | Megan Brennan | February 1, 2015 | Obama, Trump |
Note that, while the above table indicates the President under which each postmaster general served, these postmasters general were appointed by the governors of the Postal Service and not by the President. Living former Postmasters General{{As of|November 2017|df=US}}, there are four living former Postmasters General, the oldest being Anthony M. Frank (1988–1992, born 1931). The most recent Postmaster General to die was Paul N. Carlin (1985-86), on April 25, 2018. The most recently serving Postmaster General to die was Marvin Travis Runyon (1992–2000), on May 3, 2004.Name | Term of office | Date of birth |
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Anthony M. Frank | 1988–1992 | mf=yes|1931|5|31}} | William J. Henderson | 1998–2001 | mf=yes|1947|6|16}} | John E. Potter | 2001–2010 | 1956}} | Patrick R. Donahoe | 2011–2015 | 1955}} |
ADDRESSMs Megan J. Brennan Postmaster General Email megan.j.brennan@usps.gov Telephone +1 (202) 268-2608 Postal Address 475 L’Enfant Plaza SW, Washington, D.C. 20260M See also- Postmaster General (disambiguation)
- John Henninger Reagan, the only Postmaster General of the Confederate States of America
Notes1. ^{{cite news|last=O'Keefe|first=Ed|title=Salaries of top Postal Service executives revealed|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/federal-eye/post/salaries-of-top-postal-service-executives-revealed/2011/05/10/AFGaBjgG_blog.html|publisher=Washington Post|accessdate=5 September 2011|date=May 10, 2011}} 2. ^Publication 100 – The United States Postal Service: An American History 1775–2006. United States Postal Service, May 2007. Also available in PDF format. 3. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://about.usps.com/publications/pub100/pub100_074.htm|title=Postmasters General|last=United States Postal Service|first=|date=|website=about.usps.com|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-05-18}} 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://about.usps.com/who-we-are/leadership/board-governors.htm|title=About the Board of Governors|last=United States Postal Service|first=|date=|website=about.usps.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-05-18}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=The 10 Highest-Paid Government Jobs|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305081942/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/pf_article_112283.html |archive-date=March 5, 2016 |dead-url=yes |publisher=24/7WallSt.com|accessdate=5 September 2011|author=Michael B. Sauter and Jon C. Ogg}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202151855/http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/D?hlaw:7:./temp/~ammem_WqlO|title=Wayback Machine|date=2 February 2017|publisher=}} 7. ^Since July 1, 1971, the Postmaster General has been appointed by and serves under the Board of Governors of the United States Postal Service.
External links - Official site
- [https://www.eisenhower.archives.gov/listofholdingshtml/finding_aids_s.html Papers of Arthur E. Summerfield, Postmaster General, 1953–1961, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library]
{{United States Postal Service}}{{USPostGen}}{{US Cabinet leaders}}{{Benjamin Franklin}}{{USAConfGov}} 4 : Former United States Executive Cabinet positions|United States Postal Service|United States Postmasters General|1775 establishments in the Thirteen Colonies |