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词条 United States Postmaster General
释义

  1. History

  2. Postmasters General under the Continental Congress

  3. Postmasters general over the U.S. Post Office Department, 1789–1971

     As non-Cabinet department, 1789–1829  As cabinet department, 1829–1971 

  4. Postmasters General over the U.S. Postal Service, 1971–present

  5. Living former Postmasters General

  6. ADDRESS

  7. See also

  8. Notes

  9. External links

{{Refimprove|date=July 2013}}{{Infobox official post
| post = United States Postmaster General
| insignia = Seal of the United States Department of the Post Office.svg
| insigniasize = 120
| insigniacaption = Seal of the former Post Office Department
| image = Megan Brennan USPMG at 225th Anniversary of U.S. Coast Guard stamp event.jpg
| incumbent = Megan Brennan
| incumbentsince = February 1, 2015
| department = United States Postal Service
| style = Madam Postmaster General
| status = Chief executive
| seat = 475 L'Enfant Plaza SW, Washington, D.C.
| appointer = Board of Governors
| termlength = No fixed term
| first = Benjamin Franklin
| formation = 1775
| deputy = Deputy Postmaster General
| salary = $276,840[1]
| website = {{url|http://about.usps.com/who/leadership/pmg-exec-leadership-team.htm|about.usps.com}}
}}

The Postmaster General of the United States is the chief executive officer of the United States Postal Service; Megan Brennan is the current Postmaster General.

Appointed members of the Board of Governors of the United States Postal Service select the Postmaster General and Deputy Postmaster General, who then join the Board.

History

The office, in one form or another, is older than both the United States Constitution and the United States Declaration of Independence. Benjamin Franklin was appointed by the Continental Congress as the first Postmaster General in 1775, serving just over 15 months.

Until 1971, the postmaster general was the head of the Post Office Department (or simply "Post Office" until the 1820s).[2] During that era, the postmaster general was appointed by the President of the United States, with the advice and consent of the United States Senate.[3] From 1829 to 1971, the postmaster general was a member of the President's Cabinet.

The Cabinet post of Postmaster General was often given{{when|date=July 2017}} to a new President's campaign manager or other key political supporter, and was considered something of a sinecure. The Postmaster General was in charge of the governing party's patronage, and was a powerful position which held much influence within the party.

In 1971, the Post Office Department was re-organized into the United States Postal Service, an independent agency of the executive branch. Therefore, the Postmaster General is no longer a member of the Cabinet and is no longer in the line of presidential succession. The postmaster general is now appointed by nine "governors," appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate. The governors, along with the postmaster general and the deputy postmaster general, constitute the full Postal Service Board of Governors.[3][4]

The Postmaster General is the second-highest paid U.S. government official, based on publicly available salary information, after the President of the United States.[5]

Postmasters General under the Continental Congress

Name Date appointed
Benjamin FranklinJuly 26, 1775
Richard BacheNovember 7, 1776
Ebenezer HazardJanuary 28, 1782

Postmasters general over the U.S. Post Office Department, 1789–1971

As non-Cabinet department, 1789–1829

Name State of Residence Date appointed President(s) served under
Samuel Osgood (pictured right) FederalistMassachusettsSeptember 26, 1789Washington
Timothy Pickering FederalistPennsylvania[6]August 12, 1791Washington
Joseph Habersham IndependentGeorgiaFebruary 25, 1795Washington, Adams, Jefferson
Gideon Granger Democratic-Republican PartyConnecticutNovember 28, 1801Jefferson, Madison
Return J. Meigs, Jr. Democratic-Republican PartyOhioMarch 17, 1814Madison, Monroe
John McLean Democratic-Republican PartyOhioJune 26, 1823Monroe, J. Q. Adams

As cabinet department, 1829–1971

Parties
{{legend2|#EEEEEE|No party|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|#EA9978|Federalist|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{Democratic-Republican Party (United States)/meta/color}}|Democratic-Republican|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{Democratic Party (United States)/meta/color}}|Democratic|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{Whig Party (United States)/meta/color}}|Whig|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}{{legend2|{{Republican Party (United States)/meta/color}}|Republican|border=1px solid #AAAAAA}}
Political Party Name State of Residence Date appointed President(s) served under
{{color|white|10William T. BarryKentuckyMarch 9, 1829Jackson
{{color|white|11Amos KendallKentuckyMay 1, 1835Jackson, Van Buren
{{color|white|12John M. NilesConnecticutMay 19, 1840Van Buren
{{color|white|13Francis GrangerNew YorkMarch 6, 1841W. H. Harrison, Tyler
{{color|white|14Charles A. WickliffeKentuckySeptember 13, 1841Tyler
{{color|white|15Cave JohnsonTennesseeMarch 6, 1845Polk
{{color|white|16Jacob CollamerVermontMarch 8, 1849Taylor
{{color|white|17Nathan K. HallNew YorkJuly 23, 1850Fillmore
{{color|white|18Samuel Dickinson HubbardConnecticutAugust 31, 1852Fillmore
{{color|white|19James CampbellPennsylvaniaMarch 7, 1853Pierce
{{color|white|20Aaron V. BrownTennesseeMarch 6, 1857Buchanan
{{color|white|21Joseph HoltKentuckyMarch 14, 1859Buchanan
{{color|white|22Horatio KingMaineFebruary 12, 1861Buchanan
{{color|white|23Montgomery BlairDistrict of ColumbiaMarch 5, 1861Lincoln
{{color|white|24William DennisonOhioSeptember 24, 1864Lincoln, A. Johnson
{{color|white|25Alexander W. RandallWisconsinJuly 25, 1866A. Johnson
{{color|white|26John A. J. CreswellMarylandMarch 5, 1869Grant
{{color|white|27James W. MarshallVirginiaJuly 3, 1874Grant
{{color|white|28Marshall JewellConnecticutAugust 24, 1874Grant
{{color|white|29James N. TynerIndianaJuly 12, 1876Grant
{{color|white|30David M. KeyTennesseeMarch 12, 1877Hayes
{{color|white|31Horace MaynardTennesseeJune 2, 1880Hayes
{{color|white|32Thomas L. JamesNew YorkMarch 5, 1881Garfield, Arthur
{{color|white|33Timothy O. HoweWisconsinDecember 20, 1881Arthur
{{color|white|34Walter Q. GreshamIndianaApril 3, 1883Arthur
{{color|white|35Frank HattonIowaOctober 14, 1884Arthur
{{color|white|36William F. VilasWisconsinMarch 6, 1885Cleveland
{{color|white|37Donald M. DickinsonMichiganJanuary 6, 1888Cleveland
{{color|white|38John WanamakerPennsylvaniaMarch 5, 1889B. Harrison
{{color|white|39Wilson S. BissellNew YorkMarch 6, 1893Cleveland
{{color|white|40William L. WilsonWest VirginiaMarch 1, 1895Cleveland
{{color|white|41James A. GaryMarylandMarch 5, 1897McKinley
{{color|white|42Charles Emory SmithPennsylvaniaApril 21, 1898McKinley, T. Roosevelt
{{color|white|43Henry C. PayneWisconsinJanuary 9, 1902T. Roosevelt
{{color|white|44Robert J. WynnePennsylvaniaOctober 10, 1904T. Roosevelt
{{color|white|45George B. CortelyouNew YorkMarch 6, 1905T. Roosevelt
{{color|white|46George von L. MeyerMassachusettsJanuary 15, 1907T. Roosevelt
{{color|white|47Frank H. HitchcockMassachusettsMarch 5, 1909Taft
{{color|white|48Albert S. BurlesonTexasMarch 5, 1913Wilson
{{color|white|49Will H. HaysIndianaMarch 5, 1921Harding
{{color|white|50Hubert WorkColoradoMarch 4, 1922Harding
{{color|white|51Harry S. NewIndianaFebruary 27, 1923Harding, Coolidge
{{color|white|52Walter F. BrownOhioMarch 5, 1929Hoover
{{color|white|53James A. FarleyNew YorkMarch 4, 1933F. Roosevelt
{{color|white|54Frank C. WalkerPennsylvaniaSeptember 10, 1940F. Roosevelt, Truman
{{color|white|55Robert E. HanneganMissouriMay 8, 1945Truman
{{color|white|56Jesse M. DonaldsonMissouriDecember 16, 1947Truman
{{color|white|57Arthur E. SummerfieldMichiganJanuary 21, 1953Eisenhower
{{color|white|58J. Edward DayCaliforniaJanuary 21, 1961Kennedy
{{color|white|59John A. GronouskiWisconsinSeptember 30, 1963Kennedy, L. Johnson
{{color|white|60Lawrence F. O'BrienMassachusettsNovember 3, 1965L. Johnson
{{Color|white|61W. Marvin WatsonTexasApril 26, 1968L. Johnson
{{color|white|62Winton M. BlountAlabamaJanuary 22, 1969Nixon

Postmasters General over the U.S. Postal Service, 1971–present

Name Date appointed[7]President(s) served under
Winton M. BlountJuly 1, 1971Nixon
E. T. KlassenJanuary 1, 1972Nixon, Ford
Benjamin F. BailarFebruary 16, 1975Ford, Carter
William F. BolgerMarch 15, 1978Carter, Reagan
Paul N. CarlinJanuary 1, 1985Reagan
Albert Vincent CaseyJanuary 7, 1986
Preston Robert TischAugust 16, 1986
Anthony M. FrankMarch 1, 1988Reagan, H.W. Bush
Marvin Travis RunyonJuly 6, 1992H.W. Bush, Clinton
William J. HendersonMay 16, 1998Clinton, Bush
John E. PotterJune 1, 2001Bush, Obama
Patrick R. DonahoeJanuary 14, 2011Obama
Megan BrennanFebruary 1, 2015Obama, Trump

Note that, while the above table indicates the President under which each postmaster general served, these postmasters general were appointed by the governors of the Postal Service and not by the President.

Living former Postmasters General

{{As of|November 2017|df=US}}, there are four living former Postmasters General, the oldest being Anthony M. Frank (1988–1992, born 1931). The most recent Postmaster General to die was Paul N. Carlin (1985-86), on April 25, 2018. The most recently serving Postmaster General to die was Marvin Travis Runyon (1992–2000), on May 3, 2004.
NameTerm of officeDate of birth
Anthony M. Frank1988–1992mf=yes|1931|5|31}}
William J. Henderson1998–2001mf=yes|1947|6|16}}
John E. Potter2001–20101956}}
Patrick R. Donahoe2011–20151955}}

ADDRESS

Ms Megan J. Brennan Postmaster General

Email megan.j.brennan@usps.gov

Telephone +1 (202) 268-2608

Postal Address 475 L’Enfant Plaza SW, Washington, D.C. 20260M

See also

  • Postmaster General (disambiguation)
  • John Henninger Reagan, the only Postmaster General of the Confederate States of America

Notes

1. ^{{cite news|last=O'Keefe|first=Ed|title=Salaries of top Postal Service executives revealed|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/federal-eye/post/salaries-of-top-postal-service-executives-revealed/2011/05/10/AFGaBjgG_blog.html|publisher=Washington Post|accessdate=5 September 2011|date=May 10, 2011}}
2. ^Publication 100 – The United States Postal Service: An American History 1775–2006. United States Postal Service, May 2007. Also available in PDF format.
3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://about.usps.com/publications/pub100/pub100_074.htm|title=Postmasters General|last=United States Postal Service|first=|date=|website=about.usps.com|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-05-18}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://about.usps.com/who-we-are/leadership/board-governors.htm|title=About the Board of Governors|last=United States Postal Service|first=|date=|website=about.usps.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2018-05-18}}
5. ^{{cite web|title=The 10 Highest-Paid Government Jobs|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305081942/https://finance.yahoo.com/news/pf_article_112283.html |archive-date=March 5, 2016 |dead-url=yes |publisher=24/7WallSt.com|accessdate=5 September 2011|author=Michael B. Sauter and Jon C. Ogg}}
6. ^{{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202151855/http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/D?hlaw:7:./temp/~ammem_WqlO|title=Wayback Machine|date=2 February 2017|publisher=}}
7. ^Since July 1, 1971, the Postmaster General has been appointed by and serves under the Board of Governors of the United States Postal Service.

External links

  • Official site
  • [https://www.eisenhower.archives.gov/listofholdingshtml/finding_aids_s.html Papers of Arthur E. Summerfield, Postmaster General, 1953–1961, Dwight D. Eisenhower Presidential Library]
{{United States Postal Service}}{{USPostGen}}{{US Cabinet leaders}}{{Benjamin Franklin}}{{USAConfGov}}

4 : Former United States Executive Cabinet positions|United States Postal Service|United States Postmasters General|1775 establishments in the Thirteen Colonies

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