| 词条 | Zhukovsky – Gagarin Air Force Academy |
| 释义 |
|name = Zhukovsky – Gagarin Air Force Academy |native_name ={{lang-ru|Военно-воздушная академия имени профессора Н.Е. Жуковского и Ю.А. Гагарина}} |latin_name = |image = |motto = |established = 1920 |type = Military Academy for Aviation |endowment = |staff = |faculty = |president = |provost = |principal = |rector = |chancellor = |vice_chancellor = |dean = |head_label = |head = |students = Future Russian Air Force officers |undergrad = |postgrad = |doctoral = |city =Moscow and Monino ({{Lang|ru|Монино}}), Moscow Oblast |state = |country = Russia |campus = |free_label = |free = |colors = |colours = |mascot = |nickname = |affiliations = |website = }} The Zhukovsky – Gagarin Air Force Academy is a Russian military institution of higher education run by the Ministry of Defence. The full name is Russian Air Force Military Educational and Scientific Center “Air Force Academy named after Professor N.E. Zhukovsky and Y.A. Gagarin”. FoundationThe Academy was established in 2008 after the merger of the Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy and the Gagarin Air Force Academy,[1][2] both of which had long histories (90 and 70 years respectively) of aerospace education and research. The Gagarin Academy specialized in preparing high-ranking commanding officers, while the Zhukovsky Academy focused on aviation engineering. The number of military and civilian personnel in the new academy was limited to 4,614 and both campuses were retained (Zhukovsky in Moscow and Gagarin in Monino, {{convert|38|km|abbr=on}} east of Moscow), but it was envisioned that the new Academy would fully relocate to Monino by the end of 2011. In 2008-2009, when the Ministry of Defence continued the process of consolidation of its training and research institutions, six other military schools were named affiliated (separate organizational units) entities and later subsidiaries of the academy:[3][4][5]
The total number of employees (military and civilian personnel) of the academy (with subsidiaries) was set at 37,481 people.[6] The academy offered programs in a variety of fields:[7]
Planned mergerOrder of the Russian Minister of Defence on July 12, 2011 N 1136 has seriously changed the direction of reforming the academy. It directed to transfer within 45 days (until September 1, 2011), "the preparation of students from the Zhukovsky – Gagarin Air Force Academy (Moscow and Monino) to the Military Aviation Engineering University (ru:Военный авиационный инженерный университет) ” located in Voronezh.[8] The same order liquidated subsidiaries of the academy in the cities of Yeysk (Krasnodar Krai), Saint Petersburg and Chelyabinsk. Order was signed by the Minister of Defence, Anatoliy Serdyukov, the appendix to the order - by the head of the Education Department of the Ministry of Defence, Elena G. Priezzheva. De jure, the order has not eliminated Zhukovsky – Gagarin Air Force Academy. However, it happened de facto, since the educational activities were the main purpose of the academy , and the transfer of preparation of students to the Military Aviation Engineering University (Voronezh) in practice meant an end to the existence of the Zhukovsky – Gagarin Air Force Academy. The vast majority of the Zhukovsky – Gagarin Air Force Academy faculty did not move to Voronezh. More than fifteen hundred people were laid off in Monino. Order of the Ministry of Defence has caused fierce criticism from the scientific and pedagogical community of the academy. Exponent of this position is the head of the working group of the Academic Council of the academy Ivan Naidenov (Lieutenant General of aviation, retired, a former deputy chief of the Gagarin Academy for Education and Science, Doctor of Military Sciences, Professor, Honored Scientist of Russia, and earlier - Head of the Russian Air Force Research Center for the Command and Control Systems (ru:Научно-исследовательский центр систем управления ВВС) a part of the 30th Central Scientific Research Institute, Ministry of Defence (Russia).[9][10] The need for reorganization of the Russian Air Force research and educational institutions has been realized at all levels of military establishment since the late 1980s. Options discussed included the reorganization and different forms of association of Zhukovsky Air Force Engineering Academy and Gagarin Air Force Academy, and sometimes 30th Central Scientific Research Institute. The criteria for the effectiveness of the reforms were not only the reductions in personnel and budget, but also sustainment of the scientific and pedagogical potential of research and educational institutions. According to Ivan Naidenov, the reform of 2011 resulted in almost complete loss of the Zhukovsky – Gagarin Air Force Academy potential, and restoration of the lost positions in the Military Aviation Engineering University (Voronezh) will take at least 10 – 15 years.[9][10] At the end of September 2011, when implementation of the Defence Ministry Order N 1136 was in full swing (academy equipment was transported to Voronezh, employees at the academy in Monino were laid off), Government Resolution of September 27, 2011 № 1639-r was issued.[11] [12] This resolution ordered the creation of Federal State Governmental military educational institution of higher education Zhukovsky – Gagarin Air Force Academy of the Defense Ministry "by changing the type of the existing" federal state of military educational institutions of higher education Zhukovsky – Gagarin Air Force Academy, while maintaining its main purpose of activity and total number of full-time employees. Moscow and Monino were assigned as the locations of the academy. At the time of this writing (February 2012), reliable sources of information on the implementation of the RF Government Resolution on September 27, 2011 № 1639-r were not available. This decree, while designating it as a Military Educational and Scientific Centre, ended the planned merger between the two institutions, saving the academy for good. References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://iv.garant.ru/SESSION/PILOT/main.htm|title=Russian Federation (RF) Government Resolution of March 7th, 2008 #283-r (Распоряжение Правительства РФ от 7 марта 2008 г. N 283-р)|publisher=|accessdate=26 September 2018}} {{Air force academies}}{{coord|55.8374|N|38.1883|E|source:wikidata|display=title}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Zhukovsky - Gagarin Air Force Academy}}2. ^ 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=LAW;n=108270|title=RF Government Resolution of December 24, 2008 #1951-r (Распоряжение Правительства РФ от 24 декабря 2008 г. N 1951-р)|publisher=|accessdate=26 September 2018}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc;base=EXP;n=494812|title=RF Government Resolution of November 11, 2009 N 1695-r (Распоряжение Правительства РФ от 11 ноября 2009 г. N 1695-р)|publisher=|accessdate=26 September 2018}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://base.consultant.ru/cons/cgi/online.cgi?req=doc&base=LAW&n=108270|title=RF Government Resolution of December 18, 2010 # 2327-r (Распоряжение Правительства РФ от 18.12.2010 N 2327-р)|publisher=|accessdate=26 September 2018}} 6. ^ 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://ens.mil.ru/education/higher/academy/more.htm?id=8700@morfOrgEduc|title=Главная : Министерство обороны Российской Федерации|website=ens.mil.ru|accessdate=26 September 2018}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://albert-os.narod.ru/Prikazs/2011/1136-2011.pdf|title= Order of the RF Ministry of Defence # 1136 of 2011 (Приказ Минобороны РФ от 12 июля 2011 г. N 1136 "О мерах по совершенствованию системы подготовки кадров в военных образовательных учреждениях высшего профессионального образования Министерства обороны Российской Федерации")|publisher=|accessdate=26 September 2018}} 9. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.ruscadet.ru/vvo/vva/2011.htm|title=Elimination of the oldest Russian military academies - Zhukovsky Academy and Gagarin Academy. (Ликвидация старейших военных академий России – Академии Жуковского и Академии Гагарина!)|publisher=|accessdate=26 September 2018}} 10. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://gazeta-pravda.ru/content/view/9594/70|title=Номера газеты Правда|website=Газета Правда|accessdate=26 September 2018}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lexed.ru/monitoring/2011/09/?08.html|title=Ежемесячные обзоры законодательства об образовании|website=www.lexed.ru|accessdate=26 September 2018}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://docs.cntd.ru/document/901913906|title=Об утверждении перечня военных образовательных учреждений среднего и высшего профессионального образования (с изменениями на 24 марта 2018 года), Распоряжение Правительства РФ от 04 ноября 2004 года №1404-р|website=docs.cntd.ru|accessdate=26 September 2018}} 5 : Air force academies|Military academies of Russia|Military education and training in Russia|Military academies of the Soviet Union|Soviet Air Forces education and training |
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