“Universal Software Radio Peripheral”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Most USRPs connect to a host computer through a high-speed link, which the host-based software uses to control the USRP hardware and transmit/receive data. Some USRP models also integrate the general functionality of a host computer with an embedded processor that allows the USRP device to operate in a stand-alone fashion.

The USRP family was designed for accessibility, and many of the products are open source hardware. The board schematics for select USRP models are freely available for download; all USRP products are controlled with the open source UHD driver, which is free and open source software.^[2] USRPs are commonly used with the GNU Radio software suite to create complex software-defined radio systems.

Design

The USRP product family includes a variety of models that use a similar architecture. A motherboard provides the following subsystems: clock generation and synchronization, FPGA, ADCs, DACs, host processor interface, and power regulation. These are the basic components that are required for baseband processing of signals. A modular front-end, called a daughterboard, is used for analog operations such as up/down-conversion, filtering, and other signal conditioning. This modularity permits the USRP to serve applications that operate between DC and 6 GHz.

In stock configuration the FPGA performs several DSP operations, which ultimately provide translation from real signals in the analog domain to lower-rate, complex, baseband signals in the digital domain. In most use-cases, these complex samples are transferred to/from applications running on a host processor, which perform DSP operations. The code for the FPGA is open-source and can be modified to allow high-speed, low-latency operations to occur in the FPGA.

Software

The USRP hardware driver (UHD) is the device driver provided by Ettus Research for use with the USRP product family.^[3] It supports Linux, MacOS, and Windows platforms. Several frameworks including GNU Radio, LabVIEW, MATLAB and Simulink use UHD. The functionality provided by UHD can also be accessed directly with the UHD API, which provides native support for C++. Any other language that can import C++ functions can also use UHD. This is accomplished in Python through SWIG, for example.

UHD provides portability across the USRP product family. Applications developed for a specific USRP model will support other USRP models if proper consideration is given to sample rates and other parameters.^[4]

Products

Networked series

The USRP N200 and USRP N210 are high-performance USRP devices that provide higher dynamic range and higher bandwidth than the bus series. Using a Gigabit Ethernet interface, the devices in the Networked Series can transfer up to 50 MS/s of complex, baseband samples to/from the host. This series uses a dual, 14-bit, 100 MS/s ADC and dual 16-bit, 400 MS/s DAC. This series also provides a MIMO expansion port which can be used to synchronize two devices from this series. This is the recommended solution for MIMO systems.

Bus series

All products in Ettus Research Bus Series use a USB 2.0 or USB 3.0 interface to transfer samples to and from the host computer. These are designed for applications that do not require the higher bandwidth and dynamic range provided by the Network Series(USRP N200 and USRP N210).

Embedded series

The Embedded Series combines the same functionality of other USRP devices with an OMAP 3 embedded processor. The E310, released in November 2014, utilizes the Zynq SoC platform and the Analog Devices AD9361 RFIC for a very compact, embedded USRP. The devices in this family do not need to be connected to an external PC for operation. The Embedded Series is designed for applications that require stand-alone operation.

Discontinued models

The USRP2 was developed after the USRP and was first made available in September 2008. It has reached end of life and has been replaced by the USRP N200 and USRP N210. The USRP2 was not intended to replace the original USRP, which continued to be sold in parallel to the USRP2.

Daughterboard modules

The USRP family features a modular architecture with interchangeable daughterboard modules that serve as the RF front end. Several classes of daughterboard modules exist: Receivers, Transmitters and Transceivers.

Applications

See also

References

1. ^{{cite news|author=Quinn Norton |url=http://archive.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2006/06/70933 |title=GNU Radio Opens an Unseen World |publisher=Wired.com |date= |accessdate=2014-04-18}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.ettus.com/sdr-software/detail/usrp-hardware-driver |title=UHD Start |publisher=Ettus Research LLC |date= |accessdate=2012-09-05}}
3. ^http://www.ettus.com/downloads
4. ^
5. ^GNU Radio + UHD
6. ^NI-USRP Driver
7. ^MATLAB and Simulink
8. ^OpenLTE
9. ^UHD API
10. ^http://code.ettus.com/redmine/ettus/projects/uhd/repository/revisions/master/show/host/examples
11. ^{{cite web|url=http://op25.osmocom.org|title=OP25 |publisher=op25.osmocom.org |date= |accessdate=2012-09-05}}
12. ^{{cite web|url=http://openbts.sourceforge.net/ |title=The OpenBTS Project |publisher=Openbts.sourceforge.net |date= |accessdate=2012-09-05}}
13. ^https://web.archive.org/web/20090905082547/http://www.gps-sdr.com/source/html/main.html
14. ^{{cite web|author=Eric Blossom|url=https://www.gnu.org/software/gnuradio/doc/exploring-gnuradio.html#fm-receiver |title=Exploring GNU Radio |publisher=Gnu.org |date= |accessdate=2012-09-05}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://juha.vierinen.net/mp3tofm.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=March 14, 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090527195321/http://juha.vierinen.net/mp3tofm.html |archivedate=May 27, 2009 }}
16. ^http://www.ruby-forum.com/topic/60548
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://sourceforge.net/projects/sdr/ |title=Software Defined Radio Transceiver | Free Communications software downloads at |publisher=Sourceforge.net |date= |accessdate=2012-09-05}}
18. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2006/06/70933 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081029022253/http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2006/06/70933 |archivedate=October 29, 2008 }}
19. ^{{cite web|url=http://mmbtools.crc.ca/content/view/30/54/ |title=CRC Online Mux |publisher=CRC mmbTools Live CD |date= |accessdate=2012-09-05}}
20. ^http://www.opendigitalradio.org
21. ^{{cite web|url=https://code.google.com/p/wimax-scanner/ |title=wimax-scanner — WiMAX scanner using USRP |publisher=Google Project Hosting |date= |accessdate=2012-09-05}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ettus.com/blog/2014/07/contacting-a-36-year-old-space-craft-why-not|title=The ISEE-3 Reboot Project: a dream SDR application|publisher=Ettus Research|date=|accessdate=2016-06-06}}
23. ^[https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4222&context=smallsat Investigation into New Ground Based Communications Service Offerings in Response to SmallSat Trends]. (PDF) Scott Schaire, Serhat Altunc, Yen Wong, etal. 32nd Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites. Document SSC18-SI-07.