| 词条 | 105th Guards Vienna Airborne Division |
| 释义 |
|unit_name = 12th Guards Airborne Division (December 1943 – 18 December 1944) 105th Guards Rifle Division (18 December 1944 – 7 June 1946) 105th Guards Airborne Division |dates = 1943–1979 |country = Soviet Union (to 1992) Uzbekistan (1992–1994) |branch = Red Army/Soviet Army (to 1992) Uzbekistan Ground Forces |type = Infantry, Airborne |size = Division |battles = World War II
| decorations = {{OrderRedBanner}} |battle_honours = Vienna }} The 105th Guards Airborne Division ({{Lang-ru|105-я гвардейская воздушно-десантная Венская дивизия}}) was an airborne division of the Soviet Airborne Troops. The division was originally formed as the 12th Guards Airborne Division as part of the 38th Guards Airborne Corps in December 1943.[1] In December 1944, it became the 105th Guards Rifle Division of the 9th Guards Army. On 7 June 1946, the 105th Guards Airborne division was formed from the 105th Guards Rifle Division. Disbanded in 1979, the division was reactivated in 1990. It was taken over by Uzbekistan in 1992, while still not yet fully formed.[2] The division was dissolved in 1994 and became the 17th Air Assault Brigade. HistoryThe 12th Guards Airborne Division was formed on 23 December 1943 from three Guards Airborne Brigades as part of the 38th Guards Airborne Corps.[2] However, some Soviet accounts state that it began formation months later in March 1944.[4][3] The division's first commander was Mikhail Denisenko, who had commanded the 202nd Airborne Brigade before the war.[3] It was held in reserve in Belarus until December 1944.[4] On 18 December 1944, it became the 105th Guards Rifle Division in Maryina Horka.[5] On 5 January 1945, it was assigned to the 38th Guards Rifle Corps. From 21 January to 20 February, it was transported to Szolnok, where the corps became part of the 9th Guards Army. On 30 March, the division crossed the Rába.[5] The division advanced into Austria and captured Pressbaum on 6 April. During the Vienna Offensive, the 105th Guards blocked the Vienna-Linz road, cutting Vienna off from German reinforcements and allowing other Soviet troops to capture the city.[10] Along with other units, the division caused severe losses among the 3rd SS Panzer Division Totenkopf, the 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich, and the Hungarian 2nd Armored Division and 9th Infantry Division of the Third Army.[10] On 26 April, the division was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. On 5 May, the division marched into Czechoslovakia and captured Znojmo on 9 May. On 12 May, the division met American troops on the Vltava near the village of Tsisek.[10] The division was awarded the title "Vienna" on 17 May. From 7 June to 5 July, the division was transported east to points northeast of Budapest, where it became part of the Central Group of Forces. From 16 January 1946 to 16 February, the division was redeployed to Teykovo in the Ivanovo Oblast. On 7 June, it was renamed as the 105th Guards Airborne Division.[2] In 1960, the division, without the 331st Guards Airborne Regiment, was relocated to Fergana in the Turkestan Military District.[6] The 351st Guards Airborne Regiment was added to the division from the 106th Guards Airborne Division.[2] In accordance with a directive of the General Staff, from August 3, 1979, to December 1, 1979, the 105th Guards Airborne Division was disbanded.[7] From the division remained in the city of Fergana the 345th Independent Guards Airborne Regiment (much stronger than the usual regimental size) with the separate 115th military-transport aviation squadron. The rest of the personnel of the division were reassigned to fill out other incomplete airborne units and formations and to the newly formed air assault brigades. Based on the division's 351st Guards Parachute Regiment, the 56th Guards Air Assault Brigade was formed in Azadbash, Chirchik district, Tashkent Oblast, Uzbek SSR. Meanwhile, the 111th Guards Parachute Regiment became the 35th Separate Guards Air Assault Brigade.[7] In 1990, the division was again reactivated, but it was not complete on the breakup of the Soviet Union. The division became the 17th Air Assault Brigade of the Uzbekistan Ground Forces.[8] Commanders
Composition105th Guards Rifle Division[3][9]
105th Guards Airborne Division1947[7]
1979[7]
References1. ^{{Cite book|title = The History of Soviet Airborne Forces|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=0erZZt-EGDQC&pg=PA68&dq=12th+guards+airborne+division&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCIQ6AEwAWoVChMIsO-4t9qoyAIVQ56ACh14pAO4#v=onepage&q=12th%2520guards%2520airborne%2520division&f=false|publisher = Taylor & Francis|date = 1994-01-01|isbn = 9780714641201|first = David M.|last = Glantz}} {{Soviet Union divisions before 1945}}{{Soviet Union divisions 1945–57}}{{Soviet Union divisions}}2. ^{{Cite book|title = The Organization and Order of Battle of Militaries in World War II: Volume V – Book B Union of Soviet Socialist Republics|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=Vr4Xr1EeezQC|publisher = Trafford Publishing|date = 2009-11-18|isbn = 9781426978159|first = Charles D.|last = Pettibone}} 3. ^1 2 {{Cite book|title = Батальоны идут на запад [Battalions go west]|last = Popov|first = Illarion Grigoryevich|publisher = Moscow State University|year = 1985|isbn = |location = Moscow|pages = |url = http://militera.lib.ru/memo/russian/popov/index.html}} 4. ^1 {{Cite web|title = Гвардейские воздушно-десантные {{!}}|url = http://myfront.in.ua/krasnaya-armiya/divizii/gvardejskie-vozdushno-desantnye.html|website = myfront.in.ua|accessdate = 2015-10-04|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20151022010422/http://myfront.in.ua/krasnaya-armiya/divizii/gvardejskie-vozdushno-desantnye.html#|archive-date = 2015-10-22|dead-url = yes|df = }} 5. ^1 {{Cite web|title = Гвардейские стрелковые 91–115 {{!}}|url = http://myfront.in.ua/krasnaya-armiya/divizii/gvardejskie-strelkovye-91-115.html|website = myfront.in.ua|accessdate = 2015-10-04|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140819090617/http://myfront.in.ua/krasnaya-armiya/divizii/gvardejskie-strelkovye-91-115.html|archive-date = 2014-08-19|dead-url = yes|df = }} 6. ^{{Cite book|title = The Red Army in the Years of the Cold War 1945-1991|last = Feskov|first = Vitaly|publisher = Tomsk University Press|year = 2004|isbn = |location = Tomsk|pages = 101|url = http://militera.lib.ru/h/0/pdf/feskov_vi02.pdf}} 7. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 Michael Holm, 105th Guards Airborne Division, accessed December 2013. Note that Holm says the disbandment process began on 1 October 1979. 8. ^{{Cite web|title = Неизвестная дивизия. 105-я гвардейская воздушно-десантная Краснознамённая дивизия (горно-пустынная). — Десантура.ру – о десанте без границ|url = http://desantura.ru/articles/33636/|website = desantura.ru|accessdate = 2015-10-05}} 9. ^1 2 3 {{Cite web|title = Все о ВДВ, клубы десантников, фильмы о ВДВ, десантура, воздушно-десантные войска.|url = http://sdrvdv.ru/105-ya-gvardejskaya-vozdushno-desantnaya-venskaya-krasnoznamennaya-diviziya|website = sdrvdv.ru|accessdate = 2015-10-04}} 5 : Airborne divisions of the Soviet Union|Military units and formations established in 1943|Military units and formations disestablished in 1994|Military of Uzbekistan|Military units and formations awarded the Order of the Red Banner |
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