| 词条 | 180mm Pattern 1931-1933 | ||
| 释义 |
|name=180mm Pattern 1931-1933 | image= KrasnyyKavkaz-MK-1-180-1930s.jpg | image_size = 300 |caption=MK-1-180 single turrets aboard the Soviet light cruiser Krasnyi Kavkaz |origin= Soviet Union |type=Naval gun Coastal artillery Railway gun |is_ranged=yes |is_bladed= |is_explosive=yes |is_artillery=yes |is_vehicle= |is_UK= |service= 1931 - TBD |used_by= Soviet Union |wars=World War II |designer= |design_date=1929 |manufacturer= |production_date=1931-1933 |number= |variants=180mm/60 Pattern 1931 180mm/57 Pattern 1932 180mm/56 Pattern 1933 |weight={{convert|17-18.5|t|ST|sp=us|abbr=on}} |length={{convert|10.2-10.6|m|ft|sp=us|abbr=on}} |part_length={{convert|8-8.2|m|ft|sp=us|abbr=on}} |width= |height= |crew= |cartridge=Separate loading bagged charge and projectile |cartridge_weight={{convert|97.5|kg|lb|sp=us|abbr=on}} |caliber={{convert|180|mm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} 56-60 Caliber |action= |rate=4-5 rpm |velocity={{convert|900|m/s|ft/s|sp=us|abbr=on}} |range= |max_range={{convert|37.1-38.5|km|mi|sp=us|abbr=on}} at +50°[1] |breech= |recoil= |carriage= |elevation=Single naval mounts: -5°to +60° Triple naval mounts: -5° to +50° Coastal & Rail mounts: -0° to +50° |traverse= }} The 180mm Pattern 1931-1933 were a family of related naval guns of the Soviet Navy in World War II, which were later modified for coastal artillery and railway artillery roles. They were the primary armament of the Soviet Union's first cruisers built after the Russian Civil War. HistoryThe 180mm Pattern 1931-1933 weren't a single model of gun, but instead were a family of related guns, either built from converted {{convert|203|mm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}}/50 Pattern 1905 guns which were relined down to {{convert|180|mm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} or they were newly built guns. The original guns were constructed of a three piece A tube, reinforced by two layers of outer tubes and a jacket.[2] The lengths of these guns varied between 56-60 caliber The main variants of gun and mount were:
Naval Use180mm/60 B-1-K Pattern 1931 - In 1927 work on the former Imperial Russian Navy Admiral Nakhimov-class cruiser Krasnyi Kavkaz was restarted after being halted in 1917 following the October Revolution. It had been planned to arm the Krasnyi Kavkaz with eight 203mm guns in double turrets, but it was found impossible to mount this much armament on such a small and lightly constructed hull. Instead four smaller caliber 180mm/60 B-1-K Pattern 1931 guns were mounted in single turrets. Early testing found that the muzzle velocity for these guns was abnormally high which reduced barrel life to only 55-70 rounds, so the guns were derated and smaller propellant charges were used.[4]180mm/57 B-1-P Pattern 1932 - Since the pattern 1931 wasn't satisfactory a new gun design with a lower muzzle velocity and shorter barrel length designated the 180 mm/57 B-1-P Pattern 1932 was produced. Early prototypes were of built-up construction, but in 1932 the technology for producing loose liners was purchased from the Italian firm of Ansaldo. Later 180 mm/57 B-1-P Pattern 1932 guns were constructed of a loose liner, A tube, jacket and breech ring.[4] The 180 mm/57 B-1-P Pattern 1932 were manufactured with two different styles of liners, one had shallow rifling and the other had deep rifling, the two liners were not interchangeable and required different ammunition. The shallow rifled liners still only had a life of 55-70 rounds, but the deeply rifled liners had a life of 320 rounds.[3]In 1933 the Soviets purchased plans for the contemporary Raimondo Montecuccoli-class light cruiser Coastal Artillery180mm/56 Pattern 1933 - Coastal artillery built from converted 203mm guns. The barrels for these guns were shortened from the original 60 calibers to 56 calibers and they were mounted on open MO-8-180 or MO-1-180 single mounts and MB-2-180 twin turrets. Ballistic performance was similar to the 180mm/60 B-1-K Pattern 1931, these guns also had short barrel lives and reduced charges were used to prolong barrel life. These guns were deployed in defensive emplacements along the Pacific, Arctic, Baltic and Black Sea coasts.[3]Railway Artillery180mm/56 Pattern 1933 - Railway artillery built from converted 203mm guns. The barrels for these guns were shortened from the original 60 calibers to 56 calibers and they were mounted on TM-1-180, single gun, shielded mounts. Ballistic performance was similar to the 180mm/60 B-1-K Pattern 1931, these guns also had short barrel lives and reduced charges were used to prolong barrel life.[3]Photo galleryNotes1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNRussian_71-57_m1932.php|title=Russia / USSR 180 mm/60 (7.1") Pattern 1931 and 180 mm/57 (7.1") Pattern 1932 - NavWeaps|last=DiGiulian|first=Tony|website=www.navweaps.com|language=en|access-date=2017-03-16}} 2. ^{{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/786178793|title=Naval weapons of World War One|last=Friedman|first=Norman|date=2011-01-01|publisher=Seaforth|year=|isbn=9781848321007|location=|pages=|oclc=786178793}} 3. ^1 2 3 {{Cite web|url=http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNRussian_71-57_m1932.php|title=Russia / USSR 180 mm/60 (7.1") Pattern 1931 and 180 mm/57 (7.1") Pattern 1932 - NavWeaps|last=DiGiulian|first=Tony|website=www.navweaps.com|language=en|access-date=2017-03-16}} 4. ^1 2 {{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/51995246|title=Naval weapons of World War Two|last=Campbell|first=John|date=2002-01-01|publisher=Naval Institute Press|year=|isbn=0870214594|location=|pages=|oclc=51995246}} References
4 : Naval guns of Russia|Artillery of the Soviet Union|Coastal artillery|Railway guns |
||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。