“1904 Reading by-election”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

1904 Reading by-election

释义

Vacancy
Electoral history
Candidates
Campaign
Result
Aftermath
References

{{Infobox election
|election_name =1904 Reading by-election
|type = presidential
|country = United Kingdom
|previous_election =Reading (UK Parliament constituency)#Elections in the 1900s
|previous_year =1900
|next_election =Reading (UK Parliament constituency)#Elections in the 1900s
|next_year =1906
|election_date =6 August 1904
|candidate1 =Isaacs
|image1 =
|party1 = Liberal Party (UK)
|popular_vote1 =4,770
|percentage1 =51.2
|candidate2 =Keyser
|image2 =
|party2 = Conservative Party (UK)
|popular_vote2 =4,540
|percentage2 =48.8
|map_image =
|map_size= 250px
|title =MP
|posttitle = Subsequent MP
|before_election =George Palmer
|before_party =Liberal Party (UK)
|after_election =Rufus Isaacs
|after_party = Liberal Party (UK)
}}

The Reading by-election was a Parliamentary by-election. It returned one Member of Parliament to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

Vacancy

George Palmer had been Liberal MP for the seat of Reading since the Reading by-election, 1898. He resigned from Parliament in 1904, due to advancing deafness.^[1]

Electoral history

Since the Reading constituency was created in 1885 it had been closely contested between Liberal and Conservative; The Conservatives winning in 1885, 1886 and 1895 and the Liberals in 1892, 1898 and 1900. The Liberal victor on each occasion was Palmer, who was a very well known biscuit manufacturer in the town.^[2] At the last election he had won narrowly;

{{Election box begin|title=General Election 1900: Reading ^[3]
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party=Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate=George William Palmer
|votes=4,592
|percentage=51.3
|change=-1.1
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party=Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate=Charles Edward Keyser
|votes=4,353
|percentage=48.7
|change=+4.2
}}{{Election box majority|
|votes=239
|percentage=2.6
|change=-5.3
}}{{Election box turnout|
|votes=
|percentage=88.1
|change=-3.6
}}{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner=Liberal Party (UK)
|swing=-2.6
}}{{Election box end}}

Candidates

The local Liberal Association selected 44 year-old Rufus Isaacs as their candidate to hold the seat. Isaacs was a London barrister who had been made a QC in 1898. He was standing as a candidate for the first time.^[4] In such a marginal seat, the Liberals were taking a risk by choosing an outsider to replace a well-known local man.

The local Conservative Association selected 57 year-old stockbroker Charles Keyser as their candidate. He was contesting Reading for the third time, having lost to Palmer in 1898 and 1900.^[5]
There was some expectation of a socialist candidate making it a three-way contest, as had been the case in the 1898 by-election.

Campaign

Polling Day was fixed for the 6th August 1904.

Result

The Liberals held the seat with an almost identical result to the previous election;

{{Election box begin|title=Reading by-election, 1904 ^[6]
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party=Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate=Rufus Daniel Isaacs
|votes=4,770
|percentage=51.2
|change=-0.1
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party=Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate=Charles Edward Keyser
|votes=4,540
|percentage=48.8
|change=+0.1
}}{{Election box majority|
|votes=230
|percentage=2.4
|change=-0.2
}}{{Election box turnout|
|votes=
|percentage=83.5
|change=
}}{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner=Liberal Party (UK)
|swing=-0.1
}}{{Election box end}}

Aftermath

Keyser did not stand for parliament again. At the following General Election, Isaacs was re-elected;

{{Election box begin|title=General Election 1906: Reading ^[7]}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party=Liberal Party (UK)
|candidate=Rufus Daniel Isaacs
|votes=5,407
|percentage=53.4
|change=+2.2
}}{{Election box candidate with party link|
|party=Conservative Party (UK)
|candidate=George Horace Johnstone
|votes=4,710
|percentage=46.6
|change=-2.2
}}{{Election box majority|
|votes=697
|percentage=6.8
|change=+4.4
}}{{Election box turnout|
|votes=
|percentage=91.6
|change=+8.1
}}{{Election box hold with party link|
|winner=Liberal Party (UK)
|loser=Liberal Party (UK)
|swing=+2.2
}}{{Election box end}}

References

1. ^{{Cite newspaper The Times |articlename=Election intelligence |day_of_week=Friday |date=30 May 1902 |page_number=10 |issue=36781| }}
2. ^‘PALMER, Rt Hon. George William’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2016; online edn, Oxford University Press, 2014 ; online edn, April 2014 accessed 5 Jan 2017
3. ^British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig
4. ^‘READING’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2016; online edn, Oxford University Press, 2014 ; online edn, April 2014 accessed 5 Jan 2017
5. ^‘KEYSER, Charles Edward’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2016; online edn, Oxford University Press, 2014 ; online edn, April 2014 accessed 5 Jan 2017
6. ^British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig
7. ^British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, FWS Craig

5 : History of Berkshire|1905 in England|1905 elections in the United Kingdom|Politics of Berkshire|Elections in Berkshire

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