| 词条 | Ural Federal District | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name=Ural Federal District |native_name=Уральский федеральный округ |native_name_lang=ru |settlement_type=Federal district of Russia |image_map=Map of Russia - Ural Federal District (2018 composition).svg |map_caption=Location of the Ural Federal District within Russia |subdivision_type=Country |subdivision_name={{RUS}} |established_title=Established |established_date=May 18, 2000 |seat_type=Administrative center |seat=Yekaterinburg |leader_title=Presidential Envoy |leader_name=Nikolay Tsukanov |unit_pref=Metric |area_total_km2=1818500 |area_rank=3rd |area_footnotes = [1] |population_total=12080526[2] |total_type=Total |population_as_of=2010 |population_rank=6th |population_density_km2=6.75 |population_urban=79.9%[2] |population_rural=20.1%[2] |blank_name_sec1=Federal subjects |blank_info_sec1=6 contained |blank1_name_sec1=Economic regions |blank1_info_sec1=2 contained | blank_name_sec2 = HDI (2017) | blank_info_sec2 = 0.833[2] {{color|#090|very high}} · 2nd |website={{URL|http://www.uralfo.ru/}} |footnotes= }}Ural Federal District ({{lang-ru|Ура́льский федера́льный о́круг}}, Uralsky federalny okrug) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia. Its population was 12,080,523 (79.9% urban) according to the 2010 Census.[3] The district was established on May 13, 2000 by a decree of the President of Russia.[4] It is located at the border of the European and Asian parts of Russia.[5] The administrative center of the district is the city of Yekaterinburg. The district contributes 18% to Russia’s Gross Regional Product (GRP), although its population is only 8.5% of the Russian total.[6] General information and statisticsThe district covers an area of {{convert|1818500|km2|sqmi|sp=us}},[1] about 10% of Russia. According to the 2010 Census, the district had a population of 12,080,526,[3] of whom 82.74% were Russians (10,237,992 people), 5.14% Tatars (636,454), 2.87% Ukrainians (355,087) and 2.15% Bashkirs (265,586). The remainder comprises various ethnicities of the former Soviet Union. 79.9% of the district's population lived in urban areas.[3] In 2006, the district provided 90% of Russian natural gas production, 68% of oil and 42% of metal products. Industrial production per capita in the district is about 2.5 times higher than the average value throughout Russia. The district provides about 42% of Russian tax incomes, mostly from industry. Its major branches are fuel mining and production (53%), metallurgy (24%) and metal processing and engineering (8.8%). The latter two are especially developed in Chelyabinsk and Sverdlovsk Oblast which, between them, constitute 83% of Russian metallurgy and 73% of metal processing and engineering. Whereas fuel and mineral mining has been providing a nearly constant outcome between 1990 and 2006, metal processing and engineering are declining, despite the fact that they employ up to 30% of industry workers of the district. Local ore processing plants can provide only 20% of required copper, 28% chromium, 35% iron and 17% coal, and many of these resources are nearly exhausted. Meanwhile, the average distance to import them to the Ural is 2,500 km.[7] The district is governed by the Presidential Envoy, and individual envoys are assigned by the President of Russia to all the Oblasts of the district. Pyotr Latyshev was envoy to the Urals Federal District until his death on December 2, 2008. Nikolay Vinnichenko succeeded him on this post on December 8, 2008.[8] On September 6, 2011 Vinnichenko was appointed the envoy to the Northwestern Federal District, and Yevgeny Kuyvashev became the Presidential Envoy in the Urals Federal District.[9] On May 18, 2012 Vladimir Putin offered the tenure to Igor Kholmanskikh, an engineer without any previous political experience, and Kholmanskikh accepted the offer.[10] On 26 June 2018, Kholmanskikh was replaced by Nikolay Tsukanov.[11] Federal subjectsThe district comprises the Central (part) and West Siberian economic regions and six federal subjects:
Source for names of federal subjects:[12] (note - source refers to 'regions' rather than Okrugs or Oblasts) References1. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.gks.ru/bgd/regl/b15_14p/IssWWW.exe/Stg/d01/01-01-1.doc |title=1.1. ОСНОВНЫЕ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ПОКАЗАТЕЛИ в 2014 г. |language=ru |trans-title=MAIN SOCIOECONOMIC INDICATORS 2014 |work=Regions of Russia. Socioeconomic indicators - 2015 |publisher=Russian Federal State Statistics Service |accessdate=26 July 2016}} {{Subdivisions of Russia}}{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2012}}2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|language=en|access-date=2018-09-13}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://base.garant.ru/12119586/|language=Russian|title=Указ Президента РФ от 13 мая 2000 г. N 849 "О полномочном представителе Президента Российской Федерации в федеральном округе" (Decree #849 by the President of Russia of May 13, 2000)}} 5. ^http://www.smsr-senclub.ru/en/region/index.php?SECTION_ID=350 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515161457/http://www.smsr-senclub.ru/en/region/index.php?SECTION_ID=350 |date=May 15, 2012 }} 6. ^{{cite book|title=Russia’s Regions: Goals, Challenges, Achievements|url=http://www.undp.ru/nhdr2006_07eng/Chapter5.pdf|accessdate=30 September 2016|series=National Human Development Report|date=July 2006|publisher=UNDP|page=68|chapter=5 Ural Federal District: The Backbone of the Nation’s Economy}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.uralfo.ru/?read=1272|script-title=ru:Екатеринбург, 02 Декабря 2006|language=Russian|publisher=Official site of the Ural Federal District|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://archive.is/20070812082803/http://www.uralfo.ru/?read=1272|archivedate=August 12, 2007|df=mdy-all}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://interfax.ru/politics/txt.asp?id=50263|language=Russian|title=Vinnichenko for Urals Federal District|publisher=interfax.ru}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.kremlin.ru/news/12591|script-title=ru:О назначении полпредов Президента в ряде федеральных округов|publisher=Администрация Президента РФ|language=Russian|accessdate=20 May 2012}} 10. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.vesti.ru/doc.html?id=797781&cid=5|title=Предложение президента для Игоря Холманских стало неожиданностью|date=May 18, 2012|work=Vesti.ru|publisher=Russian|accessdate=May 20, 2012}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://meduza.io/news/2018/06/26/igor-holmanskih-uvolen-s-posta-polpreda-prezidenta-v-uralskom-federalnom-okruge|title=Игорь Холманских уволен с поста полпреда президента в Уральском федеральном округе|date=26 June 2018|publisher=Meduza|language=Russian|accessdate=27 June 2018}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.en.cupp.ru/region.html |title=Ural region |publisher=Corporation of Development |accessdate=26 January 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202210200/http://www.en.cupp.ru/region.html |archivedate=February 2, 2014 }} 4 : Ural Federal District|Federal districts of Russia|States and territories established in 2000|2000 establishments in Russia |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。