词条 | Usage share of web browsers | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
释义 |
The usage share of web browsers is the proportion, often expressed as a percentage, of visitors to a group of web sites that use a particular web browser. AccuracyMeasuring browser usage in the number of requests (page hits) made by each user agent can be misleading. OverestimationNot all requests are generated by a user, as a user agent can make requests at regular time intervals without user input. In this case, the user's activity might be overestimated. Some examples:
UnderestimationIt is also possible to underestimate the usage share by using the number of requests, for example:
User agent spoofingWebsites often include code to detect browser version to adjust the page design sent according to the user agent string received. This may mean that less-popular browsers are not sent complex content (even though they might be able to deal with it correctly) or, in extreme cases, refused all content.[9] Thus, various browsers have a feature to cloak or spoof their identification to force certain server-side content.
Differences in measurementNet Applications, in their [https://netmarketshare.com/ NetMarketShare] report, uses unique visitors to measure web usage.[11] The effect is that users visiting a site ten times will only be counted once by these sources, while they are counted ten times by statistics companies that measure page hits. Net Applications uses country-level weighting as well.[12] The goal of weighting countries based on their usage is to mitigate selection area based sampling bias. This bias is caused by the differences in the percentage of tracked hits in the sample, and the percentage of global usage tracked by third party sources. This difference is caused by the heavier levels of market usage.[13] Statistics from the United States government's [https://www.digitalgov.gov/services/dap/ Digital Analytics Program (DAP)] do not represent world-wide usage patterns. DAP uses raw data from a unified Google Analytics account. {{anchor|Summary}}Summary tablesAccording to StatCounter, {{as of |January 2016|lc=y}}, Chrome is the most popular browser on phones (or phones plus tablets).[14] For tablet only browsing, Safari on iPad has 58.8% share,[15] followed by Chrome, which inherited its engine and web standard support; Safari is not available for Android. When counting across all platforms, Chrome is the most popular, and if only desktop platforms are counted, it has more than half of that market.[16] No desktop browser has had a clear majority for a more than a decade, since Internet Explorer lost it, with Netscape once holding the lead before that. Other statistics/analysts show similar numbers. The following tables summarize the usage share of all browsers for the indicated months. All Apple Inc.'s platforms use the Safari browser, including macOS and iOS systems with the WebKit engine. Therefore, for the "all browsers" stats, Safari's percentage is counting all these users.[17]
More detailed but outdated statistics are: {{bar box|title=Desktop/laptop browser statistics |titlebar=#DDD |width=600px |barwidth=250px |bars={{bar percent|1. Chrome|#A3D3FF|66.87}}{{bar percent|2. Firefox|#A3D3FF|11.44}}{{bar percent|3. Internet Explorer|#A3D3FF|7.13}}{{bar percent|4. Safari|#A3D3FF|5.38}}{{bar percent|5. Edge|#A3D3FF|4.16}}{{bar percent|6. Opera|#A3D3FF|2.47}}{{bar percent|7. UC Browser|#A3D3FF|0.92}}{{bar percent|8. Yandex Browser|#A3D3FF|0.41}}{{bar percent|9. Coc Coc|#A3D3FF|0.29}}{{bar percent|10. QQ Browser|#A3D3FF|0.23}}{{bar percent|11. Chromium|#A3D3FF|0.15}}{{bar percent|12. Sogou Explorer|#A3D3FF|0.14}}{{bar percent|13. Maxthon|#A3D3FF|0.1}}{{bar percent|14. Phantom|#A3D3FF|0.05}}{{bar percent|15. 360 Secure Browser|#A3D3FF|0.05}}{{bar percent|16. Vivaldi|#A3D3FF|0.05}}{{bar percent|17. Mozilla|#A3D3FF|0.04}}{{bar percent|18. Pale Moon|#A3D3FF|0.03}}{{bar percent|19. Whale Browser|#A3D3FF|0.03}}{{bar percent|20. SeaMonkey|#A3D3FF|0.01}}{{bar percent|21. Amigo (Malware)|#A3D3FF|0.01}}{{bar percent|Other|#A3A3A3|0.05}}{{bar gap|height=11}} |caption=Desktop web browser market share according to StatCounter for June 2018.[26]}} Crossover to smartphones having majority share{{See also|Usage share of operating systems#Crossover to smartphones having majority share}}According to StatCounter web use statistics (a proxy for all use), in the week from 7–13 November 2016, "mobile" (meaning smartphones) alone (without tablets) overtook desktop for the first time and by the end of the year smartphones were majority. Since 27 October, the desktop hasn't shown a majority, even on weekdays. Previously according to StatCounter press release, the world has turned into a desktop-minority;[28] {{as of|2016|10|lc=y}}, there was about 49% of desktop usage for that month. The two biggest continents, Asia and Africa, have been a mobile-majority for a while. A few countries in Europe and South America have also followed this trend of being mobile-majority. In March 2015, for the first time in the US the number of mobile-only adult internet users exceeded the number of desktop-only internet users with 11.6% of the digital population only using mobile compared to 10.6% only using desktop; this also means the majority, 78%, use both desktop and mobile to access the internet.[29] Older reports (2000–2018)StatCounter (July 2008 to October 2018)StatCounter statistics are directly derived from hits (not unique visitors) from 3 million sites using StatCounter totaling more than 15 billion hits per month.[31] No weightings are used.
W3Counter (May 2007 to October 2018)This site counts the last 15,000 page views from each of approximately 80,000 websites. This limits the influence of sites with more than 15,000 monthly visitors on the usage statistics. W3Counter is not affiliated with the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).
Net Applications (May 2016 to October 2018)Net Applications bases its usage share on statistics from 40,000 websites having around 160 million unique visitors per month. The mean site has 1300 unique visitors per day.
=== Wikimedia (April 2009 to March 2015) === Wikimedia traffic analysis reports are based on server logs of about 4 billion page requests per month, based on the user agent information that accompanied the requests.[32] These server logs cover requests to all the Wikimedia Foundation projects, including Wikipedia, Wikimedia Commons, Wiktionary, Wikibooks, Wikiquote, Wikisource, Wikinews, Wikiversity and others.[33] Note: Wikimedia has recently had a large percentage of unrecognised browsers, previously counted as Firefox, that are now assumed to be Internet Explorer 11 fixed in the February 2014 and later numbers. And February 2014 numbers include mobile for Internet Explorer and Firefox (not included in Android). Chrome did not include the mobile numbers at that time while Android does since there was an "Android browser" that was the default browser at that time.
Clicky (September 2009 to August 2013)
StatOwl.com (September 2008 to November 2012)
92% of sites monitored by StatOwl serve predominantly United States market.[34] AT Internet Institute (Europe, July 2007 to June 2010)AT Internet Institute was formerly known as XiTi. Method: Only counts visits to local sites in 23 European countries and then averages the percentages for those 23 European countries independent of population size.
TheCounter.com (2000 to 2009)TheCounter.com identifies sixteen versions of six browsers (Internet Explorer, Firefox, Safari, Opera, Netscape, and Konqueror). Other browsers are categorised as either "Netscape compatible" (including Google Chrome, which may also be categorized as "Safari" because of its "Webkit" subtag) or "unknown". Internet Explorer 8 is identified as Internet Explorer 7. Monthly data includes all hits from 2008-02-01 until the end of the month concerned. More than the exact browser type, this data identifies the underlying rendering engine used by various browsers, and the table below aggregates them in the same column.
OneStat.com (April 2002 to March 2009)
ADTECH (Europe, 2004 to 2009)
WebSideStory (US, February 1999 to June 2006)
Older reports (pre-2000)GVU WWW user survey (January 1994 to October 1998)
EWS Web Server at UIUC (1996 Q2 to 1998)
ZD Market Intelligence (US, January 1997 to January 1998)
Zona Research (US, Jan 1997 to Jan 1998)
AdKnowledge (January 1998 to June 1998)
Dataquest (1995 to 1997)
International Data Corporation (US, 1996 to 1997)
See also
References1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://gs.statcounter.com/browser-market-share#monthly-200901-201707|title=Browser Market Share Worldwide {{!}} StatCounter Global Stats|last=Statcounter|website=gs.statcounter.com|language=en|access-date=2018-02-05}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2008/06/26/avg_disguises_fake_traffic_as_ie6/|title=AVG disguises fake traffic as IE6|accessdate=12 January 2011|first=Cade|last=Metz|date=26 June 2008|publisher=The Register}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.computerworld.com/action/article.do?command=viewArticleBasic&articleId=9102398|title=Firefox 3.0 boosts Mozilla's market share|accessdate=12 January 2011|first=Gregg|last=Keizer|date=23 June 2008|work=Computerworld|publisher=IDG|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080705122724/http://www.computerworld.com/action/article.do?command=viewArticleBasic&articleId=9102398|archive-date=5 July 2008|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}} 4. ^A better option for the webmaster is to validate the HTML code against prevailing standards . 5. ^{{cite web|title=Frequently Asked Questions|url=http://gs.statcounter.com/faq#prerendering|publisher=StatCounter}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=https://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Using_Firefox_1.5_caching|title=Using Firefox 1.5 caching|author=Cacycle|date=7 June 2010|publisher=Mozilla|accessdate=3 February 2010}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://my.opera.com/yngve/blog/2007/02/27/introducing-cache-contexts-or-why-the|title=Introducing Cache Contexts, or: Why the browser does not know you are logged out|last=Pettersen|first=Yngve Nysæter|date=27 February 2007|publisher=Opera Software|work=My Opera|accessdate=12 January 2011|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070504173925/http://my.opera.com/yngve/blog/2007/02/27/introducing-cache-contexts-or-why-the|archivedate=4 May 2007}} 8. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://sharovatov.wordpress.com/2008/06/03/http-history-lists-and-back-button/|title=HTTP History Lists and Back Button|last=Sharovatov|first=Vitaly|date=3 June 2008|publisher=WordPress|accessdate=3 February 2010}} 9. ^Burstein complaining "...I've been rejected until I come back with Netscape". January 11, 2011 10. ^[https://bugs.launchpad.net/midori/+bug/1181453 Midori wrong user agent -Launchpad] 2013-05-18 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.netmarketshare.com/faq.aspx#Unique |title=Market share for browsers, operating systems and search engines | News |publisher=Netmarketshare.com |date= |accessdate=2012-12-30}} 12. ^{{cite web|url=http://marketshare.hitslink.com/faq.aspx#Country |title=Market share for browsers, operating systems and search engines | News |publisher=Marketshare.hitslink.com |date= |accessdate=2012-12-30}} 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://gs.statcounter.com/#browser-ww-monthly-201307-201307-map|title=Visual Map of Global usage of Web Browsers by Country |publisher=statcounter.com |date=2013-06-01 |accessdate=2014-01-01}} 14. ^{{cite web|url=http://gs.statcounter.com/#mobile+tablet-browser-ww-monthly-201405-201504|title=StatCounter Global Stats – Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share|work=statcounter.com}} 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://gs.statcounter.com/browser-market-share/tablet/worldwide/#monthly-201707-201707-bar |title=StatCounter Tablet Browser Market Share Worldwide |work=statcounter.com}} 16. ^{{cite web|url=http://gs.statcounter.com/#desktop+mobile+tablet-browser-ww-monthly-200807-201504|title=StatCounter Global Stats – Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share|work=statcounter.com}} 17. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.howtogeek.com/184283/why-third-party-browsers-will-always-be-inferior-to-safari-on-iphone-and-ipad/ |title=Why Third-Party Browsers Will Always Be Inferior to Safari on iPhone and iPad |first=Chris |last=Hoffman |date=March 12, 2014}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://gs.statcounter.com/browser-market-share#monthly-201811-201811-bar|title=Browser Market Share Worldwide – StatCounter Global Stats|website=StatCounter Global Stats}} 19. ^{{cite web |title=Browser market share |url=https://netmarketshare.com/browser-market-share.aspx?options=%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%7D%2C%22dateLabel%22%3A%22Custom%22%2C%22attributes%22%3A%22share%22%2C%22group%22%3A%22browser%22%2C%22sort%22%3A%7B%22share%22%3A-1%7D%2C%22id%22%3A%22browsersDesktop%22%2C%22dateInterval%22%3A%22Monthly%22%2C%22dateStart%22%3A%222018-11%22%2C%22dateEnd%22%3A%222018-11%22%2C%22segments%22%3A%22-1000%22%7D |website=netmarketshare.com |accessdate=1 December 2018 |language=en}} 20. ^{{cite web|url=https://analytics.wikimedia.org/dashboards/browsers/#all-sites-by-browser|title=Dashiki: Simple Request Breakdowns|website=analytics.wikimedia.org}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.netmarketshare.com/browser-market-share.aspx?options=%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%22%24and%22%3A%5B%7B%22deviceType%22%3A%7B%22%24in%22%3A%5B%22Desktop%2Flaptop%22%5D%7D%7D%5D%7D%2C%22dateLabel%22%3A%22Custom%22%2C%22attributes%22%3A%22share%22%2C%22group%22%3A%22browser%22%2C%22sort%22%3A%7B%22share%22%3A-1%7D%2C%22id%22%3A%22browsersDesktop%22%2C%22dateInterval%22%3A%22Monthly%22%2C%22dateStart%22%3A%222018-11%22%2C%22dateEnd%22%3A%222018-11%22%2C%22segments%22%3A%22-1000%22%7D|title=Browser market share|website=www.netmarketshare.com}} 22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.w3counter.com/trends|title=W3Counter: Web Browser Market Share Trends|website=www.w3counter.com}} 23. ^{{cite web|url=http://gs.statcounter.com/browser-market-share/desktop/worldwide/#monthly-201811-201811-bar|title=Desktop Browser Market Share Worldwide – StatCounter Global Stats|website=StatCounter Global Stats}} 24. ^{{cite web|url=http://gs.statcounter.com/browser-market-share/mobile/worldwide/#monthly-201811-201811-bar|title=Mobile Browser Market Share Worldwide – StatCounter Global Stats|website=StatCounter Global Stats}} 25. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.netmarketshare.com/browser-market-share.aspx?options=%7B%22filter%22%3A%7B%22%24and%22%3A%5B%7B%22deviceType%22%3A%7B%22%24in%22%3A%5B%22Mobile%22%5D%7D%7D%5D%7D%2C%22dateLabel%22%3A%22Custom%22%2C%22attributes%22%3A%22share%22%2C%22group%22%3A%22browser%22%2C%22sort%22%3A%7B%22share%22%3A-1%7D%2C%22id%22%3A%22browsersDesktop%22%2C%22dateInterval%22%3A%22Monthly%22%2C%22dateStart%22%3A%222018-11%22%2C%22dateEnd%22%3A%222018-11%22%2C%22segments%22%3A%22-1000%22%7D |title=Browser market share|website=www.netmarketshare.com}} 26. ^{{cite web|url=http://gs.statcounter.com/browser-market-share/desktop/worldwide/chart.php?bar=1&device=Desktop&device_hidden=desktop&statType_hidden=browser®ion_hidden=ww&granularity=monthly&statType=Browser®ion=Worldwide&fromInt=201806&toInt=201806&fromMonthYear=2018-06&toMonthYear=2018-06&csv=1|title=Desktop Browser Market Share Worldwide |publisher=StatCounter|access-date=21 July 2018}} 27. ^{{cite web |url=https://gs.statcounter.com/#all-comparison-ww-weekly-201634-201645 |title=Comparison from W34 to W45 2015 |work=StatCounter Global Stats}} 28. ^{{cite press |url=http://gs.statcounter.com/press/mobile-and-tablet-internet-usage-exceeds-desktop-for-first-time-worldwide |title=Mobile and tablet internet usage exceeds desktop for first time worldwide |work=StatCounter}} 29. ^Number of Mobile-Only Internet Users Now Exceeds Desktop-Only in the U.S.. Retrieved 5 May 2015. 30. ^{{cite web|url=http://gs.statcounter.com/#all-comparison-oc-monthly-201105-201603|title=StatCounter Global Stats – Browser, OS, Search Engine including Mobile Usage Share|website=StatCounter Global Stats}} 31. ^{{cite web|url=http://gs.statcounter.com/faq#methodology|title=Statcounter statistics methodology|publisher=StatCounter|accessdate=12 January 2011}} 32. ^{{cite web|title=Wikimedia Traffic Analysis Report – Browsers e.a.|url=http://stats.wikimedia.org/archive/squid_reports/2014-02/SquidReportClients.htm|first=Erik|last=Zachte|accessdate=24 March 2014|date=28 February 2014}} 33. ^{{cite web|first=Erik|last=Zachte|title=Wikimedia Traffic Analysis Report – Requests by destination|url=http://stats.wikimedia.org/archive/squid_reports/2011-01/SquidReportRequests.htm|accessdate=4 March 2011|date=15 February 2011}} 34. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.statowl.com/about_our_data.php|title=About Our Data|publisher=Statowl.com|accessdate=12 January 2011}} External links
2 : Usage share|Web browsers |
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