| 词条 | U.S. Route 195 |
| 释义 |
|country=USA |type=US |route=195 |maint=ITD and WSDOT |spur_type=US |spur_of=95 |map={{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-width=290|frame-height=240|frame-lat=47.094|frame-long=-117.244|zoom=7|type=line|raw={{Wikipedia:Map data/Wikipedia KML/U.S. Route 195}}}} |map_custom=yes |map_notes=US 195 highlighted in red and US 195 Spur in blue |length_mi=94.02 |length_ref={{#tag:ref|Total mileage is the sum of the state mileages.[1][2]|group=lower-alpha|name=total}} |established=November 11, 1926[3] |tourist=Palouse Scenic Byway |direction_a=South |terminus_a={{jct|state=ID|US|95}} near Lewiston, ID |junction={{jct|state=WA|SR|27}} near Pullman, WA {{jct|state=WA|SR|26}} in Colfax, WA {{jct|state=WA|SR|23}} in Steptoe, WA |direction_b=North |terminus_b={{jct|state=WA|I|90|US|2|US|395}} in Spokane, WA |states=Idaho, Washington |counties=ID: Nez Perce WA: Whitman, Spokane |browse={{infobox road/browselinks/USA|state=ID}}{{infobox road/browselinks/USA|state=WA}}{{id browse|previous_type=ID|previous_route=162|route=ID|next_type=ID|next_route=200}}{{wa browse|previous_type=WA|previous_route=194|route=WA|next_type=US|next_route=197}} }} U.S. Route 195 (US 195) is a north–south United States Highway, of which all but 0.65 miles of its 94.42 miles (1.05 of 151.95 km) are within the state of Washington. The highway starts in rural Idaho north of the city of Lewiston as a state highway in an interchange with US 95. As the road crosses into Washington it becomes a state highway that connects communities in the Palouse region of Eastern Washington. US 195 travels north, serving the cities of Pullman, Colfax and Rosalia in Whitman County before continuing into Spokane County to its terminus in the city of Spokane at an interchange with Interstate 90 (I-90). The first section of US 195 designated as part of Washington's state highway system was codified in 1913 from Colfax to Spokane as the Inland Empire Highway and from the Idaho state line to Pullman as the Second Division of the Eastern Route of the Inland Empire Highway. The two highways were included as part of State Road 3 in 1923 and US 195 during the creation of the US Highway System on November 11, 1926. Originally, the northern terminus of the highway was at US 95 in Sandpoint, but was truncated to Spokane after US 2 was extended west from Bonners Ferry in 1946. US 195 was cosigned with Primary State Highway 3 (PSH 3) from US 95 to Spokane and PSH 6 from Spokane to Newport from the creation of the primary and secondary state highways in 1937 until the 1964 highway renumbering. US 195 was extended south into Idaho after the relocation of US 95, designated as the North and South Highway in 1916, onto its present freeway in 1975. Bypasses of Pullman, Rosalia, and Plaza were completed during the early 1970s, converting portions of US 195 into a divided highway. Route descriptionUS 195 runs {{convert|94.02|mi|km|2}} in Idaho and Washington and is listed in its entirety as part of the National Highway System,[4][5] a system of roads crucial to the nation's economy, defense and mobility.[6] As a state highway in both states, the roadway is maintained by the Idaho Transportation Department (ITD) and Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT).[1] IdahoUS 195 travels within Idaho for {{convert|0.577|mi|km|3}} from an interchange with US 95 to the Washington state line, entirely north of Lewiston atop the Lewiston Hill in unincorporated Nez Perce County.[7][8] ITD surveys the roads under its control on a regular basis to measure the amount of traffic using the state's highways. These traffic counts are expressed in terms of annual average daily traffic (AADT), a calculation of the average daily number of vehicles on a segment of roadway. A July 2011 survey reported average daily traffic of 6,761 vehicles being served the US 95 interchange.[9] Administratively, US 195 does not exist in Idaho. According to ITD's milepoint log, both carriageways are officially US 95 ramps into Washington state.[2] WashingtonUS 195 travels {{convert|93.37|mi|km|2}} north through the Palouse region of Eastern Washington, from the Idaho state line north to Spokane.[1] The highway serves as an important link between Pullman and Spokane as well as part of the Palouse Scenic Byway and a main north–south route in the region alongside State Route 27 (SR 27).[10][11][12] US 195 enters Washington north of Clarkston in unincorporated Whitman County and travels west to an intersection with its {{convert|0.61|mi|km|adj=mid|-long}} spur route, providing a connection to US 95 northbound towards Moscow. The highway continues northwest through farmland and the towns of Uniontown and Colton along Union Flat Creek towards Pullman.[13][14][15] US 195 intersects SR 27, also part of the Palouse Scenic Byway,[11] and travels west of Pullman on a highway bypass of the city. The bypass travels through the termini of SR 194 and SR 270 as it leaves the Pullman area heading north towards Colfax along the South Fork Palouse River.[16][17] US 195 becomes Main Street within Colfax and travels through the town along a WSDOT rail line to the eastern terminus of SR 272 and SR 26.[18][19] The highway continues north along Pine Creek and the WSDOT rail line past the northern terminus of SR 271, a diamond interchange south of Rosalia,[20][21] before leaving the Palouse Scenic Byway at the Spokane County border.[11][12] The roadway heads north through a diamond interchange in Plaza and along Spangle Creek past the community of Spangle.[22][23][24] US 195 enters the city of Spokane as a four-lane highway along Hangman Creek and ends at a partial cloverleaf interchange with I-90, cosigned with US 2 and US 395.[7][25][26] US 195 is defined by the Washington State Legislature as SR 195, part of the Revised Code of Washington as §47.17.380.[27] Every year, WSDOT conducts a series of surveys on its highways in the state to measure traffic volume. This is expressed in terms of AADT, which is a measure of traffic volume for any average day of the year. In 2012, WSDOT calculated that the busiest section of US 195 within Washington was in Hangman Valley before the I-90 interchange in Spokane, serving 19,000 vehicles, while the least busiest section was between Pullman and Colfax, serving 3,100 vehicles.[28] The entire route of US 195 is designated as a Highway of Statewide Significance by WSDOT,[29] which includes highways that connect major communities in the state of Washington.[30] HistoryThe Inland Empire Highway was originally a collection of gravel county roads that have existed since 1898 in the Spokane area and 1905 in the Pullman area.[31][32][33] These roads roughly followed an early territorial highway built in the 1870s between Colfax and Spokane.[34] The highway was added to the state highway system in 1913, traveling within the Palouse region between Colfax and Spokane. The Second Division of the Eastern Route of the Inland Empire Highway was also established in 1913, traveling northwest from Sampson Trail Y at the Idaho–Washington state line to Pullman.[35][36] The Idaho portion of US 195 became part of the North and South Highway in 1916 and was not numbered under Idaho's state highway system in 1953.[37][38] The gap in the Second Division between Pullman and Colfax was named by Whitman County as a highway of importance the following year and was not built until 1925 as part of State Road 3.[39][40] State Road 23, connecting Spokane to Newport, was designated in 1915 before it was renamed to the Pend O'Reille Highway and renumbered to State Road 6 in 1923.[41][42][43] The Inland Empire Highway was numbered as State Road 3 in 1923 and retained the designation as PSH 3 in 1937, while State Road 6 became PSH 6.[43][44] {{double image|right|US 195 (1961).svg|75|WA-PSH3.svg|75|Shields of US 195, circa 1961, and former PSH 3}}The United States Highway System was established on November 11, 1926, during its adoption by the American Association of State Highway Officials (AASHO) and included US 195, traveling north from US 95 within Washington through Pullman and Spokane before ending at US 95 in Sandpoint, Idaho.[3][45] The present four-lane divided highway along Hangman Creek in Spokane was constructed in 1939 as part of general improvements to Eastern Washington highways, relocating the route of the creek and a nearby Northern Pacific Railway line.[46] The section of US 195 between Spokane and Sandpoint was became co-signed with an extension of US 2 from Bonners Ferry, Idaho to Everett, Washington in 1946,[47] and the highway was truncated to US 10 and US 395 in 1969.[48] During the 1964 highway renumbering, Washington converted its highways to the present state route system, to take effect in 1970. US 195 replaced PSH 3 and its branches along its present route,[27][49] with its southern terminus at US 95 atop Lewiston Hill in Idaho and its northern terminus at I-90 in Spokane at an interchange that was opened in December 1965, along with a new {{convert|7.2|mi|km|adj=mid}} segment between Thornton and Rosalia.[50][51] The State Department of Highways completed construction of three highway bypasses between 1973 and 1975, avoiding Pullman, Rosalia, and Plaza,[52][53][54] using funding originally intended for the canceled Bay Freeway project in Seattle.[55][56] US 95 was relocated onto its present freeway, bypassing Washington state, in 1979 and US 195 was extended south into Idaho to the new interchange with a spur route traveling towards northbound US 95.[27][57] The highway between Uniontown and Rosalia was designated as part of the Palouse Scenic Byway on December 19, 2002, as part of the Washington State Scenic and Recreational Highways program.[58][59] In 2002, WSDOT adopted a long range plan to upgrade US 195 within the Hangman Valley in Spokane to limited-access standards by constructing new interchanges at four intersections.[60] One of the interchanges, at Cheney–Spokane Road, was completed in 2014 at a cost of $9.4 million.[61] Funding for the remaining interchange projects, estimated to cost $106 million in 2002 dollars, was not allocated and WSDOT is instead considering lower-cost improvements to the intersections.[60][62] Spur route{{Infobox road small|country=USA |type=US |subtype=SPUR |route=195 |location=Washington–Idaho state line |length_mi=0.54 |length_ref= |length_round=2 |formed=1979 |yr_ref=[27] }} US 195 has a {{convert|0.54|mi|km|adj=mid|-long}} spur route at its southern terminus on the Washington–Idaho state line that travels east from US 195 to serve US 95 northbound atop Lewiston Hill.[1][8][63] The highway was established in 1979 on the former alignment of US 95 as it passed briefly through Washington before it was moved onto its present freeway.[27][57] WSDOT included the road in its annual AADT survey in 2012 and calculated that 100 vehicles per day used the spur route.[28] ITD designates the spur route as US 95 Spur in their milepoint log.[2] {{clear}}Major intersections{{jcttop|state_col=State|length_ref={{#tag:ref|Milepost numbers reset at the Idaho–Washington state line crossing.[1]|group=lower-alpha|name=MP}}}}{{IDint|sspan=1 |county=Nez Perce |location=none |mile=0.000 |road={{jct|state=ID|US|95|dir1=south|city1=Lewiston}} |type=incomplete |notes=Southern terminus, interchange, northbound entrance and southbound exit}}{{jctbridge |river= |river_wide=yes |mile=0.653 |mile2=0.00 |line=y |bridge=Idaho–Washington state line}}{{WAint |sspan=12 |county=Whitman |cspan=9 |location=none |mile=0.37 |road={{jct|state=WA|US-Spur|195|to2=to|US|95|dir2=north|location1=Moscow}} |notes=}}{{WAint |location=none |mile=20.26 |road={{jct|state=WA|SR|27|dir1=nortH|city1=Pullman}} |notes=}}{{WAint |location=none |mile=22.00 |road={{jct|state=WA|SR|194|dir1=west|city1=Almota}} |notes=}}{{WAint |location=none |mile=22.75 |road={{jct|state=WA|SR|270|dir1=east|city1=Pullman}} |notes=}}{{WAint |location=Colfax |lspan=3 |mile=35.95 |road={{jct|state=WA|SR|272|dir1=east|name1=Canyon Street|city1=Palouse}} |notes=}}{{WAint |mile=36.62 |road={{jct|state=WA|SR-Spur|26|to2=to|SR|26|dir2=west|city1=Vantage}} |notes=}}{{WAint |mile=36.72 |road={{jct|state=WA|SR|26|dir1=west|city1=Vantage}} |notes=}}{{WAint |location=Steptoe |mile=46.13 |road={{jct|state=WA|SR|23|dir1=north|city1=St. John|city2=Sprague}} |notes=}}{{WAint |location=none |mile=60.78 |road={{jct|state=WA|SR|271|dir1=south|city1=Rosalia|city2=Oakesdale}} |notes=Interchange}}{{WAint |county=Spokane |cspan=3 |location=Plaza |mile=68.71 |road=Cheney–Plaza Road |notes=Interchange}}{{WAint |location=Spokane |lspan=2 |mile=91.26 |road=Cheney–Spokane Road |notes=Interchange}}{{WAint |mile=93.37 |road={{jct|state=WA|I|90|US|2|US|395|location1=Spokane Airport|city2=Seattle|city3=Spokane}} |notes=Northern terminus}}{{Jctbtm|exit|keys=incomplete}} Notes1. ^1 2 3 4 {{WSDOT State Highway Log |year=2017 |link=yes |pages=1114–1129 |accessdate=August 12, 2018}} 2. ^1 2 {{cite web |date=May 12, 2015 |title=Milepoint Log - State Highway System: Route 0095 |page=35 |url=http://apps.itd.idaho.gov/apps/milepointlog/logs/usHW/US_95_MPLog.pdf |format=PDF |publisher=Idaho Transportation Department |accessdate=November 26, 2016}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |last=Weingroff |first=Richard F. |title=From Names to Numbers: The Origins of the U.S. Numbered Highway System |date=January 9, 2009 |url=http://wwwcf.fhwa.dot.gov/infrastructure/numbers.cfm |work=Highway History |publisher=Federal Highway Administration |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 4. ^{{cite map |publisher=Federal Highway Administration |title=National Highway System: Idaho |url=http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/national_highway_system/nhs_maps/idaho/id_idaho.pdf |date=October 1, 2012 |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 5. ^{{cite map |publisher=Federal Highway Administration |title=National Highway System: Washington |url=http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/national_highway_system/nhs_maps/washington/wa_washington.pdf |date=October 1, 2012 |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 6. ^{{cite web |first1=Stefan |last1=Natzke |first2=Mike |last2=Neathery |first3=Kevin |last3=Adderly |url=http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/planning/national_highway_system/ |title=What is the National Highway System? |work=National Highway System |accessdate=December 12, 2010 |date=August 26, 2010 |publisher=Federal Highway Administration |lastauthoramp=y}} 7. ^1 {{google maps |title=U.S. Route 195 |url=https://maps.google.com/maps?saddr=US-95+N&daddr=Unknown+road&hl=en&ll=47.058315,-117.241265&spn=2.002021,5.410767&sll=46.470335,-117.031721&sspn=0.003953,0.010568&geocode=FWkTxQIduD4G-Q%3BFbgH1wId4NX_-A&mra=prev&t=m&z=8 |accessdate=July 18, 2008}} 8. ^1 {{cite web |date=June 21, 1979 |title=Feature Detail Report for: Lewiston Hill |url=http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=132:3:54927405510246::NO::P3_FID,P3_TITLE:373565 |work=Geographic Names Information System |publisher=United States Geological Survey |accessdate=}} 9. ^{{cite web|date=July 19, 2011 |title=Highway Data Quest |publisher=Idaho Transportation Department |url=http://hdq.itd.idaho.gov/webster.html |accessdate=March 2, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120919041225/http://hdq.itd.idaho.gov/webster.html |archivedate=September 19, 2012 }} 10. ^{{cite map |publisher=Washington State Department of Transportation |title=Washington State Highways, 2011–2012 |year=2011 |url=http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/NR/rdonlyres/14A6187A-B266-4340-A351-D668F89AC231/0/TouristMapFront_withHillshade.pdf |format=PDF |scale=1:842,000 |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 11. ^1 2 {{cite map |publisher=Washington State Department of Transportation |title=Washington State Highways, 2006–07: Scenic Byways |year=2006 |url=http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/NR/rdonlyres/2432DB35-3238-4F1B-BCB7-42A981F6F2A8/0/ScenicBywaysMap.pdf |format=PDF |scale=1:842,000 |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 12. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://apps.leg.wa.gov/rcw/default.aspx?cite=47.39&full=true#47.39.020 |title=47.39.020: Designation of portions of existing highways and ferry routes as part of system. |origyear=1967; revised 1969, 1970, 1971, 1973, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 2003, 2009, 2010, 2011 |work=Revised Code of Washington |publisher=Washington State Legislature |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 13. ^{{cite web |date=September 10, 1979 |title=Feature Detail Report for: Union Flat Creek |url=http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=132:3:54927405510246::NO:3:P3_FID,P3_TITLE:1509176 |work=Geographic Names Information System |publisher=United States Geological Survey |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 14. ^{{cite web |date=September 10, 1979 |title=Feature Detail Report for: Uniontown |url=http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=132:3:54927405510246::NO:3:P3_FID,P3_TITLE:1509182 |work=Geographic Names Information System |publisher=United States Geological Survey |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 15. ^{{cite web |date=September 10, 1979 |title=Feature Detail Report for: Colton |url=http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=132:3:54927405510246::NO:3:P3_FID,P3_TITLE:1504078 |work=Geographic Names Information System |publisher=United States Geological Survey |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 16. ^{{cite web |date=September 6, 2004 |title=SR 195: Junction SR 270 |publisher=Washington State Department of Transportation |url=http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/mapsdata/tools/InterchangeViewer/pdf/SR195/195X022.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 17. ^{{cite web |date=June 21, 1979 |title=Feature Detail Report for: South Fork Palouse River |url=http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=132:3:54927405510246::NO:3:P3_FID,P3_TITLE:390985 |work=Geographic Names Information System |publisher=United States Geological Survey |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 18. ^{{cite map |publisher=Washington State Department of Transportation |title=2011 Washington State Rail System |date=January 2012 |url=http://wsdot.wa.gov/NR/rdonlyres/FDBE2AB4-E504-4AC5-9E30-6A2CC4FAAD34/0/2011Ownership.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 19. ^{{cite web |date=August 23, 2002 |title=SR 195: Junction SR 26/SR 26 SP Colfax |publisher=Washington State Department of Transportation |url=http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/mapsdata/tools/InterchangeViewer/pdf/SR195/195X038.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 20. ^{{cite web |date=September 10, 1979 |title=Feature Detail Report for: Rosalia |url=http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=132:3:54927405510246::NO:3:P3_FID,P3_TITLE:1507912 |work=Geographic Names Information System |publisher=United States Geological Survey |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 21. ^{{cite web |date=October 15, 2001 |title=SR 195: Junction SR 271 |publisher=Washington State Department of Transportation |url=http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/mapsdata/tools/InterchangeViewer/pdf/SR195/195X062.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 22. ^{{cite web |date=November 2, 1995 |title=SR 195: Junction Cheney Plaza Road |publisher=Washington State Department of Transportation |url=http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/mapsdata/tools/InterchangeViewer/pdf/SR195/195X070.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 23. ^{{cite web |date=September 10, 1979 |title=Feature Detail Report for: Spangle Creek |url=http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=132:3:54927405510246::NO:3:P3_FID,P3_TITLE:1508578 |work=Geographic Names Information System |publisher=United States Geological Survey |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 24. ^{{cite web |date=September 10, 1979 |title=Feature Detail Report for: Spangle Creek |url=http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=132:3:54927405510246::NO:3:P3_FID,P3_TITLE:1512681 |work=Geographic Names Information System |publisher=United States Geological Survey |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 25. ^{{cite web |date=September 10, 1979 |title=Feature Detail Report for: Spokane |url=http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=132:3:54927405510246::NO:3:P3_FID,P3_TITLE:1512683 |work=Geographic Names Information System |publisher=United States Geological Survey |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 26. ^{{cite web |date=October 12, 2004 |title=SR 90: Junction SR 195 |publisher=Washington State Department of Transportation |url=http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/mapsdata/tools/InterchangeViewer/pdf/SR090/090X279.pdf |format=PDF |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 27. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web |url=http://apps.leg.wa.gov/RCW/default.aspx?cite=47.17.380 |title=47.17.380: State route No. 195 |origyear=1970; revised 1979 |work=Revised Code of Washington |publisher=Washington State Legislature |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 28. ^1 {{cite web |author=Staff |year=2012 |title=2012 Annual Traffic Report |publisher=Washington State Department of Transportation |url=http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/mapsdata/travel/pdf/Annual_Traffic_Report_2012.pdf |format=PDF |pages=154–155 |accessdate=March 23, 2013}} 29. ^{{cite web |title=Transportation Commission List of Highways of Statewide Significance |url=http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/NR/rdonlyres/50EC9EB9-DB3D-4823-B5D2-5348409FB8CE/0/HSSlist2009mod2.pdf |publisher=Washington State Transportation Commission |date=July 26, 2009 |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 30. ^{{cite web |last=Lorenzo |first=Judy |title=Highways of Statewide Significance |url=http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/planning/HSS/Default.htm |publisher=Washington State Department of Transportation |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 31. ^{{cite map |publisher=United States Geological Survey |title=Washington-Idaho: Spokane Quadrangle |date=May 1901 |url=http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/topo/washington/txu-pclmaps-topo-wa-spokane-1898.jpg |scale=1:125,000 |format=JPG |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 32. ^{{cite map |publisher=United States Geological Survey |title=Washington-Idaho: Oakesdale Quadrangle |date=October 1905 |url=http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/topo/washington/txu-pclmaps-topo-wa-oakesdale-1903.jpg |scale=1:125,000 |format=JPG |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 33. ^{{cite map |publisher=United States Geological Survey |title=Washington-Idaho: Pullman Quadrangle |date=December 1910 |url=http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/topo/washington/txu-pclmaps-topo-wa-pullman-1905.jpg |scale=1:125,000 |format=JPG |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 34. ^{{cite journal |last=Freeman |first=Otis W. |date=October 1954 |title=Early Wagon Roads in the Inland Empire |pages=127–128 |journal=The Pacific Northwest Quarterly |volume=45 |issue=4 |publisher=University of Washington Press |jstor=40487100}} 35. ^{{cite book |author=Washington State Legislature |title=Session Laws of the State of Washington |edition=1913 |series=Session Laws of the State of Washington |date=March 12, 1913 |accessdate=March 2, 2013 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W7w4AAAAIAAJ |publisher=Washington State Legislature |location=Olympia, Washington |chapter=Chapter 65: Classifying Public Highways |pages=221–222 |quote=A highway connecting with the Sunset Highway at or in the vicinity of the city of Ellensburg; thence by way of North Yakima, Kennewick, Pasco, Walla Walla, Dayton, crossing the Snake River at either Almota or Penawawa, Colfax, Rosalia, Spokane, Deer Park, Loon Lake, Colville, to the international line at boundary, which shall be known as the Inland Empire Highway.}} 36. ^{{cite map |publisher=Rand McNally |title=Rand McNally Junior Road Map of Idaho |year=1926 |url=http://www.broermapsonline.org/members/NorthAmerica/UnitedStates/NorthernRockies/Idaho/unitedstates1926ra_070.html |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 37. ^{{cite book |title=Motor West, Volume 21 |page=21 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8aUAAAAAMAAJ |date=November 1, 1916 |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 38. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.itd.idaho.gov/Board/minutes/51-96/1953.pdf |title=Minutes of the Idaho Board of Highway Directors and the Idaho Transportation Board |publisher=Idaho Transportation Department |format=PDF |page=63 |date=July 25, 1953 |accessdate=March 2, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120510183823/http://itd.idaho.gov/Board/minutes/51-96/1953.pdf |archivedate=May 10, 2012 |df= }} 39. ^{{cite news |title=Favors East Division Road |page=3 |date=November 8, 1914 |work=The Spokesman-Review |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=A6FQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=r-ADAAAAIBAJ&pg=6778,2809019&dq=inland-empire-highway&hl=en |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 40. ^{{cite book |author=Washington State Legislature |title=Session Laws of the State of Washington |edition=1925 |series=Session Laws of the State of Washington |date=February 18, 1925 |accessdate=March 2, 2013 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mb84AAAAIAAJ |publisher=Washington State Legislature |location=Olympia, Washington |chapter=Chapter 26 |page=59 |quote=A primary state highway, to be known as State Road No. 3, or the Inland Empire Highway, is established as follows: Also from a junction at Colfax to a junction with the eastern route of the Inland Empire Highway at Pullman.}} 41. ^{{cite book |author=Washington State Legislature |title=Session Laws of the State of Washington |edition=1915 |series=Session Laws of the State of Washington |date=March 11, 1915 |accessdate=March 2, 2013 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w7w4AAAAIAAJ |publisher=Washington State Legislature |location=Olympia, Washington |chapter=Chapter 53: Public Highways Appropriation |page=184 |quote=There is hereby established a secondary highway, commencing at Spokane, Spokane county, Washington, thence northeasterly following the most feasible route through the town of Mead to Newport in Pend Oreille county, Washington, and there is hereby appropriated for survey and construction of said secondary highway.}} 42. ^{{cite map |publisher=Bureau of Statistics and Immigration of the State of Washington |title=State of Washington Showing State Highways Authorized by Legislative Acts of 1915 |year=1915 |url=http://www.sos.wa.gov/history/maps_detail.aspx?m=27 |format=DJVU |accessdate=February 18, 2013}} 43. ^1 {{cite book |author=Washington State Legislature |title=Session Laws of the State of Washington |edition=1923 |series=Session Laws of the State of Washington |date=March 19, 1923 |accessdate=March 2, 2013 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G784AAAAIAAJ |publisher=Washington State Legislature |location=Olympia, Washington |chapter=Chapter 185: Primary and Secondary State Highways |pages=627, 629 |quote=A primary state highway, to be known as State Road No. 3, or the Inland Empire Highway, is established as follows: Beginning at the international boundary line at Laurier in Ferry County; thence by the most feasible route in a southerly direction through Colville, Spokane, Colfax, Dayton to Walla Walla; thence in a northwesterly direction through the cities of Wallula, Pasco, Sunnyside, Yakima, Ellensburg, to a junction with the Sunset Highway at or near Virden in Kittitas County. A primary state highway, to be known as State Road No. 6 or the Pend O'Reille Highway, is established as follows: Beginning at Spokane; thence by the most feasible route in a northeasterly direction to Newport in Pend O'Reille County; thence in a northerly direction through Metaline Falls to the international boundary line.}} 44. ^{{cite book |author=Washington State Legislature |title=Session Laws of the State of Washington |edition=1937 |series=Session Laws of the State of Washington |date=March 17, 1937 |accessdate=March 2, 2013 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=dcQ4AAAAIAAJ |publisher=Washington State Legislature |location=Olympia, Washington |chapter=Chapter 190: Establishment of Primary State Highways |pages=934–935, 937 |quote=A primary state highway to be known as Primary State Highway No. 3, or the Inland Empire Highway, is hereby established according to description as follows: Beginning at a junction with Primary State Highway No. 2 in the vicinity east of Cle Elum, thence southeasterly by the most feasible route by way of Ellensburg, Yakima, Pasco and Wallula to Walla Walla, thence in a northerly direction by the most feasible route by way of Dayton, Dodge, Colfax, Rosalia, Spokane and Colville to the international boundary line in the vicinity of Laurier; also beginning at a junction with Primary State Highway No. 3, as herein described, in the vicinity of Dodge, thence in an easterly direction by the most feasible route by way of Pomeroy and Clarkston to the Washington-Idaho boundary line; also beginning at a junction with Primary State Highway No. 3, as herein described, in the vicinity south of Rosalia, thence in a southerly direction by the most feasible route by way of Pullman to a point of junction southeast of Uniontown, thence in an easterly direction by two most feasible routes to two points on the Washington-Idaho boundary line; also beginning at Colfax on Primary State Highway No. 3, as herein described, thence in a southeasterly direction by the most feasible route to Pullman on Primary State Highway No. 3, as herein described, thence in an easterly direction by the most feasible route to a point on the Washington-Idaho boundary line. A primary state highway to be known as Primary State Highway No. 6, or the Pend Oreille Highway, is hereby established according to description as follows: Beginning at a junction with Primary State Highway No. 3, in the vicinity north of Spokane, thence in a northerly direction by the most feasible route by way of Newport and Metaline Falls to the international boundary line; also beginning at Newport on Primary State Highway No. 6, as herein described, thence in an easterly direction to the Washington-Idaho boundary line.}} 45. ^{{cite map |author1= Bureau of Public Roads |author2= American Association of State Highway Officials |date= November 11, 1926 |title= United States System of Highways Adopted for Uniform Marking by the American Association of State Highway Officials |url= http://texashistory.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metapth298433/m1/1/zoom/ |scale= 1:7,000,000 |location= Washington, DC |publisher= U.S. Geological Survey |oclc= 32889555 |accessdate= November 7, 2013 |via= University of North Texas Libraries |last-author-amp= yes}} 46. ^{{cite news |title=New Inland Empire Highway Realignment Progresses Rapidly |page=47 |date=May 7, 1939 |work=The Spokesman-Review |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=bPIUAAAAIBAJ&sjid=4uMDAAAAIBAJ&pg=2941,2500265&dq=inland-empire-highway&hl=en |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 47. ^{{cite web |last=Weingroff |first=Richard |date=April 7, 2011 |title=U.S. 2: Houlton, Maine, to Everett, Washington |publisher=Federal Highway Administration |url=http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/infrastructure/us2.cfm |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 48. ^{{AASHTO minutes |year=1969S |page=2 |link=yes |accessdate=June 17, 2018}} 49. ^{{cite web |last=Prahl |first=C. G. |title=Identification of State Highways |url=http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/NR/rdonlyres/6836215D-E301-43F3-895A-472BD2FDE86A/0/Identification.pdf |publisher=Washington State Highway Commission, Department of Highways |date=December 1, 1965 |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 50. ^{{cite news |date=December 8, 1965 |title=Freeway Project Work Is Praised |page=11 |work=The Spokesman-Review |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=xrRWAAAAIBAJ&sjid=0ugDAAAAIBAJ&pg=7387%2C2269701 |via=Google News Archive |accessdate=June 22, 2018}} 51. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.itd.idaho.gov/Board/minutes/51-96/1967.pdf |title=Minutes of the Idaho Board of Highway Directors and the Idaho Transportation Board |publisher=Idaho Transportation Department |format=PDF |page=64 |date=May 25, 1967 |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 52. ^{{cite news |date=November 19, 1974 |title=Pullman bypass nearly complete |page=11 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=QJdfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=RDEMAAAAIBAJ&pg=2920,4743173&dq=pullman+bypass&hl=en |work=Lewiston Morning Tribune |accessdate=February 25, 2013}} 53. ^{{cite news |title=U.S. 195 Road Link Not Done |page=1 |date=September 24, 1975 |work=Spokane Daily Chronicle |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=pFVOAAAAIBAJ&sjid=yPgDAAAAIBAJ&dq=us-195&pg=5204%2C2150105 |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 54. ^{{cite news |title=Rosalia bypass just about ready |page=6 |date=November 29, 1975 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=OsheAAAAIBAJ&sjid=STIMAAAAIBAJ&dq=rosalia%20bypass%20195&pg=4866%2C8258985 |work=Lewiston Morning Tribune |accessdate=January 13, 2013}} 55. ^{{cite news |last=Barr |first=Robert A. |date=February 9, 1972 |title=Bay Freeway fund lost to area |page=B3 |newspaper=The Seattle Times}} 56. ^{{cite news |author= |date=February 9, 1972 |title=Bay Freeway Defeat to Aid Spokane Area |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1338&dat=19720209&id=hahYAAAAIBAJ&sjid=t_gDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6413,2673784 |via=Google News Archive |page=1 |newspaper=Spokane Daily Chronicle |accessdate=May 1, 2015}} 57. ^1 {{cite news |last=Ammons |first=David |title=State Patrol looking for bad apples |page=16 |date=November 21, 1979 |work=Lewiston Morning Tribune |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=871eAAAAIBAJ&sjid=DzEMAAAAIBAJ&dq=lewiston%20grade&pg=2508%2C4555651 |accessdate=March 2, 2013}} 58. ^{{cite news |date=December 21, 2002 |title=Scenic byway could run through Palouse |page=18 |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=hr9eAAAAIBAJ&sjid=UTEMAAAAIBAJ&pg=5115,1731854&dq=palouse+scenic+byway&hl=en |work=Lewiston Morning Tribune |accessdate=March 30, 2013}} 59. ^{{cite web |title=Resolution No. 670 |date=March 2005 |url=http://www.wstc.wa.gov/Meetings/Resolutions/670.pdf |format=PDF |publisher=Washington State Transportation Commission |accessdate=March 30, 2013}} 60. ^1 {{cite web |last=Simonson |first=Chad |title=US 195 - Hatch Road to Interstate 90 |url=http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/projects/us195/hatchroadtoi90/ |publisher=Washington State Department of Transportation |accessdate=August 12, 2018}} 61. ^{{cite news |last=Prager |first=Mike |date=May 19, 2014 |title=Cheney-U.S. 195 interchange opens this week |url=http://www.spokesman.com/stories/2014/may/19/cheney-us-highway-195-interchange-opens-this-week/ |work=The Spokesman-Review |accessdate=August 12, 2018}} 62. ^{{cite news |last=Prager |first=Mike |date=August 29, 2016 |title=Intersection changes coming to U.S. 195 |url=http://www.spokesman.com/stories/2016/aug/29/getting-there-intersection-changes-coming-to-pullm/ |work=The Spokesman-Review |accessdate=August 12, 2018}} 63. ^{{google maps |title=U.S. Route 195 Spur |url=https://maps.google.com/maps?saddr=US-195+Spur&daddr=US-195+Spur&hl=en&ll=46.477875,-117.042665&spn=0.007905,0.021136&sll=46.480967,-117.0373&sspn=0.001976,0.005284&geocode=FeokxQIdGv8F-Q%3BFUw_xQIdCSUG-Q&mra=me&mrsp=1,0&sz=18&t=m&z=16 |link=no |accessdate=July 18, 2008}} References{{reflist|30em}}External links{{AttachedKML|display=title,inline}}
8 : United States Numbered Highways|U.S. Route 95|U.S. Highways in Idaho|U.S. Highways in Washington (state)|Washington State Scenic and Recreational Highways|Transportation in Nez Perce County, Idaho|Transportation in Whitman County, Washington|Transportation in Spokane County, Washington |
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