| 词条 | 1991 West Bengal Legislative Assembly election | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
Legislative Assembly elections were held in the Indian state of West Bengal in 1991. {{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}Legislative Assembly elections were held in the Indian state of West Bengal in 1996. {{Infobox Election| election_name = West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, 1991 | country = India | type = parliamentary | ongoing = no | previous_election = West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, 1987 | previous_year = 1987 | next_election = West Bengal Legislative Assembly election, 1996 | next_year = 1996 | election_date = 24 April 1991 | seats_for_election = All 294 seats in the West Bengal Legislative Assembly | image1 = | leader1 = Jyoti Basu | party1 = Communist Party of India (Marxist) | alliance1 = LF | leaders_seat1 = Satgachhia | seats1 = 182 | seat_change1 = | popular_vote1 = 17,629,142 | percentage1 = | swing1 = | image2 = | leader2 = Siddhartha Shankar Ray | leaders_seat2 =None | party2 = Indian National Congress | alliance2 = Congress+ | seats2 = 43 | seat_change2 = n/a | popular_vote2 = 11,229,396 | percentage2 = | swing2 = | map_image = | map_size = | map_caption = | title = Chief Minister | posttitle = Chief Minister | before_election = Jyoti Basu | before_party = Left Front (West Bengal) | after_election = Jyoti Basu | after_party = Left Front (West Bengal) }} The election took place simultaneously with the Indian general election, 1991.[1][2] The term of the assembly elected in 1987 lasted until February 1992, but the West Bengal government asked the Election Commission of India to arrange the election at an earlier date.[3] Parties contesting the electionLeft FrontThe campaign of the Left Front focused on issues relating to secularism, communal harmony and the Mandal Commission.[4][5] The Communist Party of India (Marxist), the dominant partner in the Left Front, opted to deny reelection to 23 incumbent legislators, including one minister (Abdul Bari).[5] In total CPI(M) fielded 204 candidates, All India Forward Bloc 34, RSP 23, CPI 12, West Bengal Socialist Party 4, Marxist Forward Bloc 2, DSP 2, RCPI 2, CRLI 1, JD 8 and the Akhil Bharatiya Gorkha League 1.[7][4] CongressThe Indian National Congress had seat-sharing arrangement, whereby INC contested 285 seats, the Jharkhand Party 4, the GNLF 3, UCPI 1 and 1 independent.[4] Ahead of the 1991 elections, the Indian National Congress brought back former Chief Minister Siddhartha Shankar Ray into the party and appointed him head of the West Bengal party unit.[5] Whilst the Indian National Congress was keen to exploit Ray's popularity, the CPI(M) organ Ganashakti published articles on daily basis reminding voters of Ray's role during the Emergency.[5] The Indian National Congress was suffering from internal divisions in West Bengal at the time of the election.[6] The West Bengal state party HQ was attacked by disgruntled Congressmen.[6] In the midst of a rally in Diamond Harbour, with Rajiv Gandhi as speaker, rival Congress factions clashes.[6] At the time, the United Communist Party of India was a Congress ally.[3] UCPI fielded a single candidate in Chandrakona constituency, who finished in second place.[7] Bharatiya Janata PartyThe Bharatiya Janata Party fielded 291 candidates across the state, and managed to increase its share of votes from 0.51% in 1987 to 11.34%.[7][7] This was the first time BJP fielded such a large number of candidates in West Bengal assembly elections.[7] Rather than focusing primarily on the Ayodhya issue, which was highlighted in the BJP campaigns across the country, the West Bengal BJP campaign concentrated on agitations against immigration from Bangladesh.[8] The campaign sought to invoke Bengali memories of Partition.[8] Whilst support for BJP increased amongst Bengali communities, its main stronghold in the state remained non-Bengali populations in Calcutta (Marwaris and Gujaratis).[8] Socialist Unity Centre of IndiaThe Socialist Unity Centre of India fielded 59 candidates, contesting as independents.[4] It had launched an electoral front ahead of the polls, along with some Naxalite factions, the Workers Party of India, a RCPI faction and the Bolshevik Party of India.[9] SUCI won two seats.[4] ResultsThe election was won by the Left Front, marking its fourth consecutive assembly election victory.[10] The Left Front and allies won 245 out of the 294 seats.[11][10]
See also
References1. ^{{cite book|author=M. L. Ahuja|title=Handbook of General Elections and Electoral Reforms in India, 1952–1999|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PCrZLq_gEcUC&pg=PA49|year=2000|publisher=Mittal Publications|isbn=978-81-7099-766-5|page=49}} {{West Bengal assembly elections}}2. ^The Hindu. The case against simultaneous polls 3. ^1 {{cite book|author=Ananth V. Krishna|title=India Since Independence: Making Sense Of Indian Politics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8v7Vr2iQUHkC&pg=PA385|date=1 September 2011|publisher=Pearson Education India|isbn=978-81-317-3465-0|page=385}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|author=Communist Party of India (Marxist). West Bengal State Committee|title=Election results of West Bengal: statistics & analysis, 1952–1991|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CNeNAAAAMAAJ|publisher=The Committee|page=4}} 5. ^1 2 3 India Today. Assembly elections: Seeking a separate strategy 6. ^1 2 3 India Today. State assemblies: Of crucial importance 7. ^1 {{cite book|author=Pratap Chandra Swain|title=Bharatiya Janata Party: Profile and Performance|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7Gk1Wz4k_xUC&pg=PA214|year=2001|publisher=APH Publishing|isbn=978-81-7648-257-8|page=214}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite book|author=Christophe Jaffrelot|title=The Hindu Nationalist Movement and Indian Politics: 1925 to the 1990s : Strategies of Identity-building, Implantation and Mobilisation (with Special Reference to Central India)|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iVsfVOTUnYEC&pg=PA441|year=1999|publisher=Penguin Books India|isbn=978-0-14-024602-5|page=441}} 9. ^{{cite book|author=Shiv Lal|title=Election Archives and International Politics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SyIvAAAAYAAJ|edition=191–196|year=1992|publisher=Shiv Lal|page=194}} 10. ^1 {{cite book|author=Sumantra Bose|title=Transforming India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=reiwAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA138|date=16 September 2013|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-72819-6|page=138}} 11. ^1 2 3 Election Commission of India. STATISTICAL REPORT ON GENERAL ELECTION, 1991 TO THE LEGISLATIVE ASSEMBLY OF WEST BENGAL 12. ^{{cite book|author=Communist Party of India (Marxist). West Bengal State Committee|title=Election results of West Bengal: statistics & analysis, 1952–1991|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CNeNAAAAMAAJ|publisher=The Committee|pages=4, 69}} 2 : State Assembly elections in West Bengal|1991 State Assembly elections in India |
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