| 词条 | 1992 New Delhi by-election | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| election_name = New Delhi Lok Sabha seat by-election, 1992 | country = India | flag_year = | type = By-election | ongoing = | party_colour = | previous_election = Indian general election, 1991 | previous_year = 1991 | next_election = Indian general election, 1996 | next_year = 1996 | election_date = | seats_for_election = | turnout = | image1 = | colour1 = | candidate1 = Rajesh Khanna | leader1 = | leader_since1 = | party1 = Indian National Congress | alliance1 = | home_state1 = | leaders_seat1 = | running_mate1 = | last_election1 = | seats_before1 = | seats_needed1 = | electoral_vote1 = | states_carried1 = | seats1 = | seats_after1 = | seat_change1 = | popular_vote1 = | percentage1 = | swing1 = | image2 = | colour2 = | candidate2 = Shatrughan Sinha | leader2 = | leader_since2 = | party2 = Bharatiya Janata Party | alliance2 = | home_state2 = | leaders_seat2 = | running_mate2 = | last_election2 = | seats_before2 = | seats_needed2 = | electoral_vote2 = | states_carried2 = | seats2 = | seats_after2 = | seat_change2 = | popular_vote2 = | percentage2 = | swing2 = | poll1_date = | poll1_source = | poll1_nominee1 = | poll1_party1 = | poll2_date = | poll2_source = | poll2_nominee1 = | poll2_party1 = | poll1_nominee2 = | poll1_party2 = | poll2_nominee2 = | poll2_party2 = | map_image = | map_size = | map_caption = | title = | posttitle = | before_election = | before_colour = | after_election = | after_colour = | before_party = | after_party = | result = }} In June 1992 a by-election was held for the New Delhi seat in the Lok Sabha (lower house of the parliament of India).[1] The by-election was called after the resignation of the incumbent Member of Parliament L.K. Advani.[2] BackgroundBharatiya Janata Party leader Advani had won the New Delhi Lok Sabha seat in the 1989 and 1991 general elections.[1] However, Advani had also won the Gandhinagar Lok Sabha seat in Gujarat in 1991, and thus opted to resign from the New Delhi seat.[2]The by-election was originally scheduled for November 1991, but was countermanded after the death of candidate Mukesh Kumar Garg of Kanpur.[2][3] CandidatesA whopping 125 candidates contested the by-election.[2] The two main candidates were Bollywood star actors.[4] The Indian National Congress fielded film star Rajesh Khanna as their candidate in the by-election.[1] Khanna had contested against Advani in the 1991 election in New Delhi, and lost by a mere 1,589 votes.[5] In the 1992 by-election his main opponent was another actor, Shatrughan Sinha of the BJP.[5][12] Sinha, nicknamed 'Shotgun', had campaigned for the non-Congress opposition in the 1989, but without affiliating with any party at the time.[13][6][7] In his 1992 campaign Sinha adopted a tough stance against Khanna and Prime Minister P.V. Narasimha Rao, challenging the Congress government on election promises made in the 1991 campaign.[8] India Today compared his election rhetoric to his performance as the rogue Chhannoo in the 1971 hit Mere Apne.[8] BJP leaders campaigning on behalf of Sinha included Uma Bharti, Madan Lal Khurana, and Vijay Kumar Malhotra.[8] Advani was notably absent from the campaign.[6] Khanna's campaigners included H.K.L. Bhagat, R.K. Dhawan, and Vidya Charan Shukla.[8] It was reported that H.K.L. Bhagat had also sought the Congress nomination for the by-election.[8] The wives of the two contending film stars, Dimple Kapadia and Poonam Sinha, played a prominent role in mobilizing crowds for their husband's campaign rallies.[8] Jai Bhagwan Jatav stood as the Janata Dal candidate in the by-election.[8] Jatav was expected to do well amongst Muslim voters.[8] In the buildup to the demolition of the Babri Masjid later in 1992, Muslims tended to perceive P.V. Narasimha Rao's Congress as taking a soft stance on the advance of the Hindutva movement.[9] Independent candidate Phoolan Devi, known internationally as the 'Bandit Queen', was in jail at the time of the by-election.[2][10][11] Devi had been imprisoned without trial since 1983 on around 50 charges, including murder.[10] Result
The election was won by R. Khanna.[12][1] The by-election victory was interpreted as an important victory for the Congress government of P.V. Narasimha Rao.[13] Khanna failed to be re-elected from New Delhi in 1996.[1] Sinha was elected to the Rajya Sabha in 1996, and would later become a Union Minister.[14] In his 2016 autobiography Anything but Khamoosh, Sinha expressed regret over having contested the 1992 by-election against fellow actor Khanna.[6] References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|author=Mahendra Singh Rana|title=India Votes: Lok Sabha & Vidhan Sabha Elections 2001-2005|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yInZdHn-pKoC&pg=PA493|year=2006|publisher=Sarup & Sons|isbn=978-81-7625-647-6|page=493}} 2. ^1 {{cite book|author1=M. L. Ahuja|author2=Sharda Paul|title=1989-1991 General Elections in India: Including November 1991 By-elections|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j-SNAAAAMAAJ|year=1992|publisher=Associated Publishing House|isbn=978-81-7045-085-6|page=141}} 3. ^{{cite book|title=India: A Reference Annual|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cT5uAAAAMAAJ|year=1992|publisher=Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting.|page=833}} 4. ^rediff.com. Vote for Bollywood 5. ^1 2 {{cite book|author=Bhaichand Patel|title=Bollywood's Top 20 Superstars of Indian Cinema|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RQL4dkVAnPIC&pg=PA183|year=2012|publisher=Penguin Books India|isbn=978-0-670-08572-9|page=183}} 6. ^1 2 NDTV. Shatrughan Sinha's Biggest Regret Involves Co-Star Rajesh Khanna 7. ^{{cite book|author=Meenu Roy|title=The Battle of the ballot|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tl-NAAAAMAAJ|year=1992|publisher=Classic Pub. House|isbn=978-81-7193-025-8|page=154}} 8. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 {{cite book|title=India Today|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qy4WAQAAMAAJ|edition=1-12|volume=17|year=1992|publisher=Aroon Purie for Living Media India Limited|page=50}} 9. ^Frontline. A fresh polarisation in Delhi 10. ^1 {{cite book|title=Keesing's Record of World Events|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nRQMAQAAMAAJ|volume=40|year=1994|publisher=Longman|page=39867}} 11. ^{{cite book|title=Pakistan & Gulf Economist|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q9rsAAAAMAAJ|edition=40-52|volume=11|year=1992|publisher=Economist Publications}} 12. ^1 2 3 4 Election Commission of India. Bye-election results 1952-95 13. ^1 {{cite book|title=Quarterly Economic Report of the Indian Institute of Public Opinion|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9nDtAAAAMAAJ|volume=35|year=1992|page=14}} 14. ^Indian Express. The clout of cinema in India: From iconic star-politicians to parliamentary duds 4 : Lok Sabha by-elections|1992 elections in India|Elections in Delhi|New Delhi |
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