| 词条 | 1998 Guatemala student rapes |
| 释义 |
| title = 1998 Guatemala student rapes | location = Santa Lucía Cotzumalguapa, Guatemala | date = January 16, 1998 | time = 3:30-5:00 pm | timezone = UTC-6 | type = Assault, rape, robbery[1][2] | victims = 13 students, 5 of whom were raped; 2 professors, 1 administrator, 1 bus driver }} On January 16, 1998 five American students were raped while on a school sponsored trip to Guatemala.[1] The case led to attention from the highest levels of the American and Guatemalan governments, including then-US president Bill Clinton, and led to concerns about whether the safety of students was adequately protected while traveling abroad.[2] The students were studying at St. Mary's College of Maryland.[1][2] BackgroundThe college at the time conducted annual tours for students to Guatemala. The 17-day tours were conducted during the winter recess and were offered for college credit. The school was conducting its third such tour and noted that there had been no problems on either of the previous tours. However, violence against women had been rising in the area. In July 1997, a public bus was hijacked with everyone being robbed and five women, including two American citizens, being raped. Four other American women were raped in Guatemala in other incidents in July and August 1997.[3] DetailsA group of 13 students—12 women and 1 man—along with 2 faculty members and 1 administrator from St. Mary's College were returning to Guatemala City after an excursion on an educational tour of Guatemala. At about 3:30pm on January 16, 1998, their bus was forced off the road by at least four gunmen. Gunshots were fired to force the driver to pull into a ditch alongside the road. The bus was forced into a nearby sugar cane field where it wasn't visible from the road. All of the group were robbed, but the gunmen were disappointed that they weren't carrying more cash. Five women were then selected to be raped.[1][2] One was raped on the bus in front of classmates and the other four were raped in the field.[4][11] The passengers on the bus were required to lie face down as each of the five women, one at a time, were raped multiple times. The women who were raped were aged 19 and 20.[5] The rape victims returned to the United States on January 17, 1998 with the rest of the group following the next day.[5] Criminal trialTwo of the rape victims returned to Guatemala in January 1999 to testify against their attackers. The men accused were Cosby Urias, a 37-year-old laborer; Rony Polanco, a 25-year-old driver; and Reyes Guch Ventura, a 25-year-old peddler.[6] All three men were convicted and sentenced to 28 years in prison: 18 years for rape and 10 years for robbery.[7] Civil lawsuitThree of the students sued the college, alleging that the college failed to take reasonable steps to protect them. Included as additional defendants were the board of trustees, the college president Jane Margaret O'Brien, and the two professors and administrator who accompanied the group. One victim sued for $5 million; another for $500,000; and third for $250,000.[8] The lawsuit was eventually settled with one student receiving $100,000 (the maximum amount allowed by law); another $65,000; and the third $30,000. O'Brien claimed that the college was not responsible but was willing to settle the lawsuit to avoid the pain to all of going to trial.[9] References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |title=5 students raped in Guatemala St. Mary's College tour group's bus overtaken by bandits |first=Timothy |last=Wheeler |url=http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1998-01-19/news/1998019082_1_guatemala-students-mary-college |newspaper=Baltimore Sun |date=January 19, 1998 |accessdate=November 15, 2015 }} {{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Guatemala Student Rapes}}2. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |title=Guatemala Rapes Raise Concerns Over Study Trips |first=James |last=Risen |url=http://articles.latimes.com/1998/jan/20/news/mn-10163 |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=January 20, 1998 |accessdate=November 15, 2015 }} 3. ^{{cite news |title=5 From Md. College Sexually Assaulted On Guatemala Trip |last=Chen |first=David |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1998/01/19/us/5-from-md-college-sexually-assaulted-on-guatemala-trip.html |newspaper=New York Times |date=January 19, 1998 |accessdate=November 15, 2015 }} 4. ^{{cite news |title=Are We All Dead? Professor Recalls Fear in Guatemala |last=Associated Press |newspaper=The Deseret News |date=January 20, 1998 |page=A2 }} 5. ^1 2 {{cite news |title=Traveling in a Troubled Land |first=John |last=Anderson |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/local/longterm/stmarysrape/stmarysrape.htm |newspaper=Washington Post |date=January 22, 1998 |accessdate=November 15, 2015 }} 6. ^{{cite news |title=U.S. students testify in Guatemala rape trial |last=CBC News |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/u-s-students-testify-in-guatemala-rape-trial-1.178819 |newspaper=CBC News |date=January 21, 1999 |accessdate=November 15, 2015 }} 7. ^{{cite news |title=3 Guatemalans Get Jail in Tourist Rapes |last=NY Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1999/02/09/world/3-guatemalans-get-jail-in-tourist-rapes.html |newspaper=New York Times |date=February 9, 1999 |accessdate=November 15, 2015 }} 8. ^{{cite news |title=College Sued Over Attack on Trip |first=Annie |last=Gowen |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2001/02/01/college-sued-over-attack-on-trip/29547d50-5ba8-49d0-8553-ce0749cbe160/ |newspaper=Washington Post |date=February 1, 2001 |accessdate=November 15, 2015 }} 9. ^{{cite news |title=Students Settle Suit Over Guatemala Attack |first=Annie |last=Gowen |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2002/07/03/students-settle-suit-over-guatemala-attack/6a3255ea-7b78-4f37-aae8-5a1e43988592/ |newspaper=Washington Post |date=July 3, 2002 |accessdate=November 15, 2015 }} 6 : 1998 crimes in North America|Crime in Guatemala|Gang rape in North America|Incidents of violence against women|January 1998 crimes|January 1998 events in North America |
| 随便看 |
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。