| 词条 | USS Mount Whitney (LCC-20) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
Mount Whitney was classified as LCC-20 on 1 January 1969, and her keel was laid down on 8 January by Newport News Shipbuilding & Drydock Company, Newport News, Virginia. EtymologyThe ship is named for Mount Whitney, a peak in the Sierra Nevada mountain range of California. Mount Whitney is the highest summit in the contiguous United States with an elevation of {{convert|14,505|ft|m}}.[2] CapabilityMount Whitney is the most sophisticated Command, Control, Communications, Computer, and Intelligence (C4I) ship ever commissioned,[3] She incorporates various elements of the most advanced C4I equipment and gives the embarked Joint Task Force Commander the capability to effectively command all units under their command. Mount Whitney can transmit and receive large amounts of secure data to and from any point on earth through HF, UHF, VHF, and SHF (satellite) communications channels. This electronic technology enables the Joint Intelligence Center and Joint Operations Center to provide the most timely intelligence and operational support available in the Navy. Ship history1980sFrom 1981 to 2005, Mount Whitney served as the flagship for Commander Second Fleet/Commander Striking Fleet Atlantic. 1990sIn 1994, during the FleetEx 2/94 "George Washington" war game exercise, the Argentine Navy, acting as the enemy and using the diesel submarine {{ship|ARA|San Juan|S-42|6}}, went undetected, penetrated the destroyer defense and "sank" Mount Whitney, which was acting as the command ship during the exercise.[4][5] Mount Whitney deployed in 1994 to Haiti with Lieutenant General Hugh Shelton, the commander of the XVIII Airborne Corps, in command of the Joint Task Force that conducted Operation Uphold Democracy. 2000sOn 12 November 2002, Mount Whitney deployed to the Central Command area of responsibility in support of Operation Enduring Freedom. She was acting as the initial command post for Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa. During the deployment, the ship embarked elements of the 2nd Marine Division and II Marine Expeditionary Force (II MEF), based at Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, under the command of Major General John F. Sattler and Captain Morton W. Kenyon. In 2004, Military Sealift Command civilian sailors were integrated into her crew. She remains a commissioned warship in the United States Navy, but the size of her crew was reduced from about 600 sailors to about 170 Navy officers and enlisted personnel and 155 civilians. In February 2005, Mount Whitney left Norfolk for Gaeta, Italy where she was redesignated (LCC/JCC 20) and assumed duties as the 6th Fleet flagship, officially relieving {{USS|La Salle|AGF-3|6}}. She also assumed duties as the command ship for the Commander, Joint Command Lisbon and the Commander, Striking Force NATO. In August 2008, Mount Whitney was deployed to the Black Sea in support of Operation Assured Delivery to deliver humanitarian aid to those affected by the Russo-Georgian War[6] and became the first NATO ship to deliver aid to port of Poti, Georgia.[7] On 6 November 2008, Mount Whitney was unable to enter the port at Sevastopol. City authorities and representatives of the Ukrainian Navy refused to comment on the event. Individuals working for the city administration reported that the failure was due to issues with Mount Whitney{{'}}s border crossing documents, while others suggested anti-NATO protests were the cause.[8] 2010sFrom 19 March 2011, Mount Whitney served in the Mediterranean as the main command vessel for the enforcement of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973 against Libya.[9]{{Failed verification|date=February 2019}} She was the flagship for Admiral Samuel J. Locklear, who had tactical command of the Operation Odyssey Dawn joint task force.[10][11] The vessel was serving as a command-and-control vessel for the United States' involvement in the coalition campaign aimed to enforce a Libya no-fly zone and prevent Muammar Gaddafi's forces from attacking the rebel stronghold of Benghazi.[12] In February 2013, Mount Whitney transferred to the San Giorgio del Porto Shipyard in Genoa, Italy for a major 60-day overhaul and repair project.[13] The ship returned to active duty in April 2013 at the end of the maintenance window. On 31 January 2014, Mount Whitney left her homeport of Gaeta, Italy.[14] Mount Whitney, along with {{USS|Taylor|FFG-50|6}}, were the first two US Navy ships to operate in the Black Sea during the Sochi Olympics. On 31 July 2015, a fire broke out aboard Mount Whitney while she was in Viktor Lenac Shipyard, Rijeka, Croatia. There were no reported injuries and the fire was extinguished within 45 minutes by ship's crew and shipyard fire brigade personnel. Mount Whitney had been in Viktor Lenac Shipyard since January 2015 undergoing a scheduled maintenance overhaul designed to extend the service life of the ship to 2039.[15] On 30 June 2016, Mount Whitney visited Klaipėda, Lithuania, and in October 2016, she visited Souda Bay, Greece.[16] From early 2017 through to October 2017, Mount Whitney was at the Viktor Lenac Shipyard; Rijeka, Croatia, for further upgrades to its Information Technology infrastructure, and various engineering refurbishments.[17] In September 2018, Mount Whitney visited Thessaloniki, Greece for the 83rd Thessaloniki International Fair, where the USA was the country of honor.[18] From 25 October to 7 November 2018, she served as the command vessel for the NATO exercise Trident Juncture.[19] References1. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.msc.navy.mil/posters/MSC_USNavyShips.pdf |title=Ships of the Military Sealift Command |date=2017 |website=U.S. Navy |accessdate=22 January 2018 |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928133256/http://www.msc.navy.mil/posters/MSC_USNavyShips.pdf |archive-date=28 September 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/ds_mark.prl?PidBox=GT1811 |title=NGS data sheet: Mount Whitney (1994) |date=1 November 2015 |website=U.S. National Geodetic Survey |accessdate=25 November 2017 |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151102014715/http://www.ngs.noaa.gov/cgi-bin/ds_mark.prl?PidBox=GT1811 |archive-date=2 November 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.public.navy.mil/surflant/lcc20/Pages/History.aspx |title=USS Mount Whitney: History |website=United States Navy |accessdate=25 November 2017}} 4. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.lanacion.com.ar/2084583-el-dia-que-el-ara-san-juan-sorprendio-a-la-armada-de-estados-unidos |title=El día que el ARA San Juan sorprendió a la Armada de Estados Unidos |trans-title=The day that the ARA San Juan surprised the United States Navy |date=22 November 2017 |newspaper=La Nación |language=es |accessdate=22 November 2017}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.elsnorkel.com/2014/08/ejercicio-fleetex-294-george-washington.html |title=Ejercicio Fleetex 2/94 "George Washington" |date=12 August 2014 |website=Comunidad Submarinista Latinoamericana |language=es |accessdate=22 November 2017}} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.eucom.mil/english/FullStory.asp?art=1810 |title=Second U.S. ship delivers aid to Georgia |date=27 August 2008 |website=U.S. Sixth Fleet Public Affairs |accessdate=25 November 2017 |dead-url=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080830123606/http://www.eucom.mil/english/FullStory.asp?art=1810 |archivedate=30 August 2008}} 7. ^{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7599919.stm |title=US delivers aid to Georgian port |date=5 September 2008 |website=BBC News |accessdate=25 November 2017}} 8. ^{{cite web |url=http://photo.ukrinform.ua/eng/current/photo.php?id=236279 |title=USS Mount Whitney fails to enter Sevastopol Port |last=Arvidas|first=Shemetas |date=6 November 2008 |website=Ukrinform |accessdate=9 September 2013}} 9. ^{{cite web |url=http://blogs.aljazeera.net/live/africa/libya-live-blog-march-19 |title=Libya Live Blog |website=Al Jazeera |accessdate=25 November 2017 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/5xJ4lwmv0?url=http://blogs.aljazeera.net/live/africa/libya-live-blog-march-19 |archivedate=19 March 2011 |df= }} 10. ^{{cite news |last=MacAskill |first=Ewen |first2=Nick |last2=Hopkins |lastauthoramp=yes |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/mar/21/libyan-operation-hampered-confusion-dispute |title=Libyan operation hampered by confusion and dispute: Lack of resolution over who will take control of military operation tests patience of US |newspaper=The Guardian |date=21 March 2011 |accessdate=25 November 2017}} 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/03/19/libya.civil.war/index.html?hpt=T1&iref=BN1 |title=Gunfire, explosions heard in Tripoli |website=CNN |date=19 March 2011 |accessdate=25 November 2017}} 12. ^{{cite web |url=https://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/us_us_libya |title=White House hails Arab League no-fly zone request |date=12 March 2011 |website=Yahoo! News |accessdate=20 March 2011 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110314231931/http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/us_us_libya |archivedate=14 March 2011 |df=dmy-all }} 13. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.sangiorgiodelporto.it/san-giorgio-del-porto-welcomes-to-genoa-uss-mount-whitney/ |title=San Giorgio del Porto welcomes to Genoa USS Mount Whitney |website=San Giorgio del Porto |accessdate=22 February 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318005126/http://www.sangiorgiodelporto.it/san-giorgio-del-porto-welcomes-to-genoa-uss-mount-whitney/ |archivedate=18 March 2013 |df=dmy-all}} 14. ^{{cite web |url=http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2014/01/first-us-navy-warship-heads-to-black-sea-as-potential-backup-for-sochi/ |title=First US Navy Warship Heads to Black Sea as Potential Backup for Sochi |first=Luis |last=Martinez |date=31 January 2014 |website=ABC News |accessdate=2 February 2014 |deadurl=no |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202080757/http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/politics/2014/01/first-us-navy-warship-heads-to-black-sea-as-potential-backup-for-sochi/ |archivedate=2 February 2014 |df=dmy-all }} 15. ^{{cite press release |url=http://www.navy.mil/submit/display.asp?story_id=90432 |title=Fire Aboard USS Mount Whitney; No Injuries |publisher=United States Navy |author=6th Fleet Public Affairs |number=NNS150801-02 |date=1 August 2015 |accessdate=25 November 2017}} 16. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.kam.lt/lt/naujienos_874/aktualijos_875/klaipedoje_lankosi_jav_karinis_laivas_uss_mount_whitney.html |title=Klaipėdoje lankosi JAV karinis laivas USS Mount Whitney |trans-title=USS Mount Whitney, a US military ship, is visiting Klaipėda |language=Lithuanian |website=Ministry of National Defense of Lithuania |date=30 June 2016 |accessdate=25 November 2017}} 17. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.total-croatia-news.com/business/17816-croatian-shipyard-overhauls-uss-mount-whitney |title=Croatian Shipyard Overhauls USS Mount Whitney |website=Total Croatia News |last=Pavlic |first=Vedran |date=30 March 2017 |accessdate=25 November 2017}} 18. ^{{Cite web |url=http://www.onalert.gr/stories/h-amerikaniki-nauarxida-ussmountwhitney-sth-thessaloniki/70344 |title=Η Αμερικανική Ναυαρχίδα USS Mount Whitney στη Θεσσαλονίκη |trans-title=American flagship USS Mount Whitney in Thessaloniki |date=10 September 2018 |website=OnAlert.gr |language=el |access-date=10 September 2018}} 19. ^{{cite web |title=STRIKFORNATO will exercise the integration of Carrier Strike Group Eight during Trident Juncture |url=https://sfn.nato.int/trje18-8.aspx |website=STRIKFORNATO - Naval Striking and Support Forces NATO |accessdate=4 November 2018}} External links{{Commons category}}
}}{{Blue Ridge class command ship}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Mount Whitney (Lcc-20)}} 3 : Blue Ridge-class command ships|United States Navy California-related ships|1970 ships |
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