| 词条 | Uttaradit Province | ||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Uttaradit | native_name = อุตรดิตถ์ | native_name_lang = th | settlement_type = Province | image_skyline = Phraya Phichai Dap Hak Monument.jpg | image_alt = | image_caption = Phraya Phichai Dap Hak Monument, in front of Uttaradit City Hall | nickname = | motto = | image_flag = Flag of the Uttaradit Province.png | image_seal = Seal Uttaradit.png | image_map = Thailand Uttaradit locator map.svg | mapsize = frameless | map_alt = | map_caption = Map of Thailand highlighting Uttaradit Province | coordinates = | coordinates_footnotes = | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = Thailand | seat_type = Capital | seat = Uttaradit town | leader_party = | leader_title = Governor | leader_name = Phiphat Ekphaphan (since October 2016) | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 7838.6 | area_rank = Ranked 25th | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | population_footnotes = | population_total = 460,400 | population_as_of = 2014 | population_rank = Ranked 54th | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_rank = Ranked 68th | population_demonym = | population_note = | timezone1 = ICT | utc_offset1 = +7 | iso_code = TH-53 | website = | footnotes = }} Uttaradit ({{lang-th|อุตรดิตถ์}}, {{IPA-th|ʔùt.tā.rā.dìt|pron}}) is one of the northern provinces (changwat) of Thailand. Neighboring provinces are (from south clockwise) Phitsanulok, Sukhothai, Phrae and Nan. To the east it borders Xaignabouli of Laos. Uttaradit is 488 km north of Bangkok, and 238 km southeast of Chiang Mai. HistoryUttaradit means the "port of the north" or "northern landing", as it was formerly a trade center on the Nan River.[1] In the Sukhothai era several city states (Mueang) subject to the king were in the area of the modern province. Mueang Fang was in modern-day Mueang Uttaradit district, Mueang Thung Yang in Laplae, and Mueang Ta Chuchok in Tron district. During the Ayutthaya kingdom, Mueang Phichai was one of the 16 main Mueang of the Thai kingdom. In the reign of King Naresuan, the ruler of Phichai rebelled, joined by the ruler of Sawankhalok. Their revolt was suppressed and the inhabitants of both cities were forced to move south to Phitsanulok. Following the fall of the city of Ayutthaya to the Burmese in 1767, Phichai was the site of several battles against the invaders. The ruler of Phichai succeeded in driving back the Burmese and was awarded the title {{ill|Phraya Phichai Dabhak|th|พระยาพิชัย}} - the "Lord of Pichai with a Broken Sword", as he had broken one of his swords in fierce hand-to-hand combat with the enemy. In the reign of King Rama III Mueang Phichai controlled several Mueang of northern Siam like Nan or Phrae, and even Luang Prabang and Vientiane. At the point where the Nan river became shallow a port was established. As this town grew in importance as an important trade point, in 1887 it was made a Mueang subordinate of Phichai. 1899 the center of Phichai was moved to this new location, which was renamed to Uttaradit in 1915.[2] GeographyThe province is in the Nan River valley. About 45 kilometers north of the city of Uttaradit is the Queen Sirikit Dam, which created a 250 km² artificial lake. The Phi Pan Nam Range reaches the northwest of the province. Most of the province was once covered with teak forests, then the major product of Uttaradit. The largest teak tree in the world is found at the Ton Sak Yai Park in the Luang Prabang Range.[3] The 1,500-year-old tree measures 9.87 m in circumference and 37 m in height. Originally it was 48.5 m high, but it was damaged in a storm. Three national parks are located in the province—Klong Tron,[4] Lam Nam Nan,[5] and Phu Soi Dao.[6] EconomyUttaradit is largely an agricultural province. Among its best known crops are two fruits: durian and langsat. A durian festival is held each year around the beginning of June in Laplae District. The province is known for two varieties of durian which lack the usual, and to some people offensive, odour: Longlaplae and Linlaplae, both named after Laplae District. Durian production in Uttaradit province was estimated to be around 20,000 tonnes in 2012. The province has approximately 10,600 acres of durian orchards.[7] The langsat (ลางสาด) (Lansium parasiticum), for which Uttaradit is famous, and its thick-skinned sibling, longkong (ลองกอง) , is a fruit that is similar in taste to the longan.[8] A langsat festival is held each year around the middle to end of September.[9] SymbolsThe provincial seal shows the mondop at the temple Wat Phra Thaen Sila At, in Baan Phra Thaen in the Laplae district. The main item of worship in the temple is a laterite block, which is believed to have been used by Buddha to seek enlightenment. The mondhop is built upon this block. The seal was first designed in 1940, later a garuda as the symbol of Thailand and the name of the province were added. The provincial tree is the teak (Tectona grandis). The largest teak tree in the world stands in Sak Yai Forest Park (สักใหญ่). The tree, estimated to be more than 1,500 years old, is 37 meters high and has a circumference of 9.58 meters at its base. Although the upper part of the tree broke off in a storm, the trunk is still alive. Discovered in 1927, the giant teak tree is part of the 35 square kilometer park of mixed deciduous forest.[10] Administrative divisionsThe province is divided into nine districts (amphoe). These are further subdivided into 67 communes (tambon) and 562 villages (muban).
TransportUttaradit is served by the State Railway of Thailand. It does not have an airport. The nearest airport is in Phitsanulok Province. References1. ^{{cite web|title=Uttaradit|url=http://www.tourismthailand.org/Where-to-Go/Uttaradit|website=Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT)|accessdate=20 Apr 2015}} 2. ^{{cite journal|journal=Royal Gazette|volume=32|issue=0 ก|pages=178|script-title=th:ประกาศ เปลี่ยนนามเมืองพิไชย เป็นเมืองอุตรดิฐ|url=http://www.ratchakitcha.soc.go.th/DATA/PDF/2458/A/178.PDF|format=PDF|date=August 22, 1915|language=Thai}} 3. ^ดร.กระมล ทองธรรมชาติ และคณะ, สังคมศึกษา ศาสนาและวัฒนธรรม ม.1, สำนักพิมพ์ อักษรเจริญทัศน์ อจท. จำกัด, 2548, หน้า 24-25 4. ^{{cite web|title=Khlong Tron National Park|url=http://www.dnp.go.th/parkreserve/asp/style2/default.asp?npid=178&lg=2|website=Department of National Parks (DNP) Thailand|accessdate=20 Apr 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427124759/http://www.dnp.go.th/parkreserve/asp/style2/default.asp?npid=178&lg=2|archive-date=27 April 2015|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}} 5. ^{{cite web|title=Lam Nam Nan National Park|url=http://www.dnp.go.th/parkreserve/asp/style1/default.asp?npid=156&lg=2|website=Department of National Parks (DNP) Thailand|accessdate=20 Apr 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109184148/http://www.dnp.go.th/parkreserve/asp/style1/default.asp?npid=156&lg=2|archive-date=9 November 2013|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Phu Soi Dao National Park|url=http://www.dnp.go.th/parkreserve/asp/style1/default.asp?npid=193&lg=2|website=Department of National Parks (DNP) Thailand|accessdate=20 Apr 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150427124711/http://www.dnp.go.th/parkreserve/asp/style1/default.asp?npid=193&lg=2|archive-date=27 April 2015|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}} 7. ^http://www.pattayamail.com/news/ordourless-seedless-durians-developed-in-uttaradit-12939 Pattayamail.com: Ordourless, seedless durians developed in Uttaradit, retrieved: 2012-06-21 8. ^{{cite news |last1=Ekachai |first1=Sanitsuda |title=Seeing the langsat for the trees |url=https://www.bangkokpost.com/news/special-reports/1540446/seeing-the-langsat-for-the-trees |accessdate=15 September 2018 |work=Bangkok Post |date=15 September 2018}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.thaifestivalblogs.com/festivals-of-thailand/uttaradit-langsat-festival.html |accessdate=June 21, 2012 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121030124431/http://thaifestivalblogs.com/festivals-of-thailand/uttaradit-langsat-festival.html|title=Uttaradit Langsat Festival: 16-25 September 2011 |archivedate=October 30, 2012 }} 10. ^{{cite web |title=Sak Yai Forest Park |url=https://www.tourismthailand.org/Attraction/Sak-Yai-Forest-Park--4173 |website=Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT) |accessdate=23 July 2018}} External links
Gallery{{commons category|Uttaradit}}|Centre = Uttaradit Province |North = Nan Province |Northeast = |East = Sainyabuli Province, {{flag|Laos}} |Southeast = |South = Phitsanulok Province |Southwest = |West = Sukhothai Province |Northwest = Phrae Province }}{{Provinces of Thailand}}{{coord|17|37|47|N|100|5|48|E|type:adm1st_region:TH|display=title}} 2 : Uttaradit Province|Provinces of Thailand |
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