| 释义 |
- Early times Early leaders (in order)
- Main families
- Customs
- Annalistic references
- Members of Uí Maine Families
- See also
- References
- External links
{{for|the Cenél Maini|Tethbae}}{{EngvarB|date=October 2013}}{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2013}}{{Infobox country
|native_name = Uí Maine
|conventional_long_name =
|common_name = Ireland
|year_start = 4th century
|year_end = 1611
|life_span = 1,300 years
|date_start =
|date_end =
|event_start =
|event_end =
|today = {{flag|Ireland}}
|status = Túatha
|status_text = Túatha of Connacht (until 6th century)
|p1 = Senchineoil
|flag_p1 =
|p2 = Connacht
|image_p2 =
|p3 =
|flag_p3 =
|s1 = Connacht
|image_s1 =
|s2 = Clanricarde
|image_s2 =
|s3 = Kingdom of Ireland
|image_s3 =
|image_flag =
|image_coat = O'Kelly.png
|symbol_type =
|image_map = Ireland early peoples and politics.gif
|image_map_caption = Early peoples and kingdoms of Ireland, c.800
|national_motto =
|capital =
|common_languages = Old Irish, Middle Irish, Early Modern Irish, Latin
|religion = Gaelic Christianity
Catholic Christianity
Gaelic tradition
|government_type = Tanistry
|title_leader = Rí
|leader1 = Máine Mór
|year_leader1 = 357–407
|leader2 = Feardorcha Ó Cellaigh
|year_leader2 = 1593–1611
|stat_year1 =
|stat_area1 =
|stat_pop1 =
|currency =
|footnotes =
}}Uí Maine, often Anglicised as Hy Many, was one of the oldest and largest kingdoms located in Connacht, Ireland. Its territory of approximately {{convert|1000|sqmi|km2}} encompassed all of what is now north, east and south County Galway, south and central County Roscommon, an area near County Clare, and at one stage had apparently subjugated land on the east bank of the Shannon, together with the parish of Lusmagh in Offaly. There were two different Ui Maine, the Ui Maine of Tethbae and the Uí Maine of Connacht; these tribes were separated by the Shannon River. The people of the kingdom were descendants of Máine Mór, who won the territory by warfare. Its sub-kingdoms, also known as lordships, included – among others – Tír Soghain, Corco Mogha, Delbhna Nuadat, Síol Anmchadha, and Máenmaige. These kingdoms were made up of offshoots of the Uí Maine dynasty, or subject peoples of different races. The Uí Maine are among the ancient Irish dynasties still represented today among the recognised Irish nobility and Chiefs of the Name, by the O'Kelly of Gallagh and Tycooly, Prince of Uí Maine and Count of the Holy Roman Empire. The Fox (O'Kearney) may represent the eastern Uí Maine of Tethbae. Early times Máine Mór is said to have established the kingdom around 357 AD, and ruled for fifty years. Before his arrival, the area had been occupied by the Fir Bolg, ruled by King Cian d'Fhearaibh Bolg. Early leaders (in order) | Name | Years Ruled | Death |
|---|
| Máine Mór | 50 years | natural death | | Breasal mac Maine Mórson of Máine Mór | 30 years | natural death | | Fiachra Finnson of Bresal | 17 years | slain by brother | | Connall Cas Ciabhachson of Bresal | 22 years | slain | | Dallán mac Breasalbrother of Fiachra Finn | 11 years | mortally wounded then drowned | | Duach mac Dallánson of Dallan | 16 years | slain by Maine Macamh | | Lughaidh mac Dallánson of Dallan | 14 years | natural death | | Feradhach mac Lughaidhson of Lughaidh | 24 years | slain by successor | | Marcán | 15 years | slain with sword | | Feradhach mac Lughaidhson of Feradhach | 9 years | slain by successor |
Main familiesDescendant clans of the dynasty include the Ó Ceallaigh,[1] Ó Madadháin,[1] Ó Neachtain,[1] Ó Cnaimhín,[1] Ó Domhnalláin, Ó Maolalaidh,[1] Ó Fallamháin,[1] CustomsAn early 15th century text Nosa Uí Maine, states that they were given rewards and treasures such as: - A portion of all "strongholds and seaport towns in the province"
- A portion of all prizes and wrecks of the sea
- This included any wines or goods that had been washed to shore from shipwrecks, etc.
- It also included whales and fish which became to be known as "royal fish" and were given to only the kings and queens
- Hidden treasures found underground, all silver and gold mines and other metals
- They were given a third of any revenues received by the king of Connacht of any other provinces where wrong had been done
- The revenue (or eric) of killing a person was considered very large and in one document recorded was states as being "168 cows"
Along with the privileges that Kings and queens of Uí Maine received, the clans that fought for Uí Maine were also given privileges and rights: - Any member of a clan was given a choice to go to battle in Spring or Autumn. Most members that chose not to attend battle spent time maintaining their crops.
- It was required that "no man of the province is to be taken as witness against these tribes, but another Hy Manian is to bear witness".
- If the King of Connacht did not pull out or end a battle in 6 weeks or less when fighting in Ulster or Leinster, any member was allowed to return home.
- "However great may be the accusation brought against them by dishonest people, only one man or one witness is required to dent it or prove it against the other party."
- Uí Mhaine were to be baptised by the Comharba of St. Bridget. If parents chose not to baptise their children at St. Bridget's because they lived too far away they were required to pay the Comharba a penny.
- Uí Mhaine were required to pay a "sgreaball ongtha" to the Comharba to prepare for death during an illness. This fee was said to be 3 Irish pennies.
Annalistic references- M918.11. A great slaughter was made of the Ui-Maine at Grian.
- M931.14. Domhnall, son of Gadhra, lord of Luighne, was slain.
Members of Uí Maine Families- Thomas MacNevin
- Albéric O'Kelly de Galway
- William O'Kelly Nevin (Irish Republican and Personal Physician to Empress Maria Theresa of the Holy Roman Empire)
- Edward Kelley, also known as Edward Talbot (11 August 1555 – 1 November 1597), Tudor occultist and self-declared spirit medium who worked with John Dee.
- Gerald Lally-Tollendahl (Marquis de Lally-Tollendal, Prime Minister of Scotland under James I, Lord of Tollendahl)
See also- Kings of Uí Maine
- Leabhar Ua Maine
- Edward Kelley
- The Uí Maine were traditionally thought to be descended from Colla da Crioch, one of the Three Collas. Their original homeland was Oirghialla. DNA testing of descendants of Uilliam Buidhe Ó Cellaigh, however, speculates that the Uí Maine were not descended from the Three Collas.[2]
References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite book |last=O'Donovan |first=John |title=The Hy Many |pages=143–144}}
2. ^DNA of the Three Collas
External links- http://www.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~irlkik/ihm/uimaine.htm
- Annals of Ulster at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
- Annals of Tigernach at CELT: Corpus of Electronic Texts at University College Cork
- Revised edition of McCarthy's synchronisms at Trinity College Dublin.
- Irish Kings and High-Kings, Francis John Byrne, Dublin (1971;2003) Four Courts Press, {{ISBN|978-1-85182-196-9}}
- History of the O'Maddens of Hy-Many, Gerard Madden, 2004. {{ISBN|0-9529511-7-7}}.
- The Life, Legends and Legacy of Saint Kerrill: A Fifth-Century East Galway Evangelist by Joseph Mannion, 2004. {{ISBN|0-9547698-1-3}}
- http://www.ucc.ie/celt/published/G105007/index.html
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