请输入您要查询的百科知识：

　

词条 2016 Aleppo summer campaign
释义

  1. The campaign

     Army advances, rebel-held Aleppo surrounded  Rebel counter-offensive, both sides besieged  Fighting continues, Army retakes territory 

  2. Aftermath – Ceasefire and government assault on East Aleppo

  3. See also

  4. References

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}{{infobox military conflict
|conflict = 2016 Aleppo summer campaign
|width = 400px
|partof = the Battle of Aleppo and the Syrian Civil War
|image = Aleppo Summer Campaign 2016.png
|image_size = 300px
|caption = Map of Northern Syria during the offensive, with the area shown within the Aleppo City map marked by the box.{{legend|#ebc0b3|Syrian Armed Forces}}{{legend|#e2d974|Syrian Democratic Forces}}{{legend|#b4b2ae|Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant}}{{legend|#cdecc9|Rebel Forces}}
|date = 25 June 2016[1] – 11 September 2016
({{Age in years, months, weeks and days|month1=06|day1=25|year1=2016|month2=09|day2=11|year2=2016}})
|place = Aleppo, Syria
|territory =
|result = Major Syrian Army and allies victory
  • Army captures Castello road, besieging rebel-held areas of Aleppo[2][2][3]
  • Army captures the al-Layramoun,[5] Bani Zeid[6] and Ashrafiyah districts,[7] and advances in the al-Khalidiyah district
  • Rebel counter-offensive opens a new unsecured corridor via the Ramouseh district,[8][9][4] which is later recaptured by the Army, with rebel-held eastern Aleppo once again besieged[5][12]

|combatant1= {{flagicon image|Flag_of_Syria.svg}} Syrian Arab Republic
  • {{flagicon image|Syrian Armed Forces Flag.svg}} Syrian Armed Forces
{{flagicon image|Flag of Iran.svg}} Iran[6]
  • IRGC[7]
    • Basij[7]
  • {{flagicon image|Seal of the Islamic Republic of Iran Army.svg|border=no}} Iranian Army[7]
  • Unidentified Iranian paramilitary unit[8]
Liwa al-Quds[18]
{{flagicon image|Flag of the Ba'ath Party.svg}} Ba'ath Brigades[9]
{{flagicon image|InfoboxHez.PNG}} Hezbollah[18]
{{flagicon image|Fatemiyoun Seal.svg}} Liwa Fatemiyoun[6]
{{flagicon image|}} Harakat Hezbollah al-Nujaba[10]
{{flagicon image|Syrian Resistance Flag.svg}} Syrian Resistance[11]

Supported by:
{{flag|Russia}}[18] (Airstrikes)

  • {{flagicon image|Flag of the Air Force of the Russian Federation.svg}} Aerospace Forces
  • {{flagicon image|Morskaja pehota Rossii.gif|border=no}} Naval Infantry advisors[12]

{{flagicon image|Flag of Syrian Democratic Forces.svg}} Syrian Democratic Forces (27–30 July;[26] 12–17 August[13])
  • {{flagicon image|People's Protection Units Flag.svg|border=no}} YPG
  • {{flagicon image|YPJ Flag.svg|border=no}} YPJ

|combatant2={{flagicon image|Fatah Halab operations room.jpg}} Fatah Halab
{{flagicon image|Emblem of the Jaish al-Fatah.svg|border=no}} Army of Conquest[14]
  • {{flagicon image|Flag of the Al-Nusra Front.svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Jabhat Fatah al-Sham.svg}} al-Nusra Front (Jabhat Fateh al-Sham since 28 July)
  • {{flagicon image|Flag of Ahrar ash-Sham.svg}} Ahrar al-Sham
  • {{flagicon image|Flag of the Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria.svg}} Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria[15][16]
  • {{Flagicon image|Logo of Jaysh al-Sunna.png}} Jaysh al-Sunna[17]
  • {{flagicon image|Flag of Ajnad al-Sham.png}} Ajnad al-Sham[18]
{{flagicon image|Flag of Ansar al-Islam.svg}} Ansar al-Islam[17]
{{flagicon image|Flag of the Soviet Union (1924–1936).svg}}{{flagdeco|Syrian opposition}} Leon Sedov Brigade[19]
Supported by:
{{flagicon|Turkey}} Turkey[20]
|commander1={{flagicon image|Flag_of_Syria.svg}} Fahd Jassem al-Freij[21]
(Minister of Defense)
{{flagicon image|Syrian Armed Forces Flag.svg}} Maj. Gen. Suheil Al Hassan[22]
(Tiger Forces chief commander)
{{flagicon image|Syrian Armed Forces Flag.svg}} Maj. Gen. Adib Mohammed[23]
(Head of Aleppo security committee, replaced)
{{flagicon image|Syrian Armed Forces Flag.svg}} Maj. Gen. Zaid Saleh[23]
(Replacement head of Aleppo security committee)
{{flagicon image|Syrian Armed Forces Flag.svg}} Maj. Gen. Adib Salameh[24]
(Head of Aleppo Air Force Intelligence Directorate branch)
{{flagicon image|Syrian Armed Forces Flag.svg}} Brig. Gen. Deeb Bazi{{KIA}}[25][26]
(Airforce Technical Base commander)
{{flagicon image|Syrian Armed Forces Flag.svg}} Brig. Gen. Asif Kheir Bek{{DOW}}[27]
(Artillery School commander)
{{flagicon image|Syrian Armed Forces Flag.svg}} Gen. Yasir Muhsin Miya{{KIA}}[28]
(Syrian Army commander)
{{flagicon image|Syrian Armed Forces Flag.svg}} Gen. Muhammad Ali Sharbo{{KIA}}[28]
(Syrian Army commander)
{{flagicon image|Syrian Armed Forces Flag.svg}} Maj. Gen. Mahmoud Hassan{{DOW}}[29]
(147th Regiment Chief of Staff)
{{flagicon image|Syrian Armed Forces Flag.svg}} Maj. Duraid Abu ‘Ammar[30]
(Tiger Forces commander)
{{flagicon image|Syrian Armed Forces Flag.svg}} Suleiman al-Shwakh[31]
(Desert Commandos commander)
{{flagicon image|Syrian Armed Forces Flag.svg}} Mudar Makhlouf[11]
(Military Security Shield Forces commander)
{{flagicon image|Flag of Iran.svg}} Maj. Gen. Qasem Soleimani[30][32]
(Quds Force chief commander)
{{flagicon image|Flag of Iran.svg}} Gen. Dariush Darsti{{KIA}}[33]
(IRGC commander)
{{flagicon image|Flag of Iran.svg}} Maj. Abolghassem Zahiri{{WIA}}[6]
(102nd Imam Hossein Battalion commander)
{{flagicon image|Flag of Iran.svg}} Ahmad Gholami{{KIA}}[8]
(Iranian paramilitary commander)
{{flagicon image|InfoboxHez.PNG}} Haj Sameer Ali Awada{{KIA}}[34]
(Hezbollah top commander, alleged)
{{flagicon image|InfoboxHez.PNG}} Hassan Mousa Abdul Nabi{{KIA}}[35]
(Hezbollah commander)
{{flagicon image|InfoboxHez.PNG}} Ali Muhammad Mustafa Khalil{{KIA}}[36]
(Imam Hujja Regiment commander)
{{flagicon image|YPJ Flag.svg|border=no}} Zoran Birhat[37]
(YPJ senior commander)
{{flagicon image|People's Protection Units Flag.svg|border=no}} Sharvan Efrin[37]
(YPG commander)
{{flagicon image|People's Protection Units Flag.svg|border=no}} Unknown YPG commander{{KIA}}[38]
|commander2={{flagicon image|Fatah Halab operations room.jpg}} Maj. Yasser Abd al-Rahim[39]
(official leader of Fatah Halab)
{{flagicon image|Al-Liwaa.svg}} Ammar Shaaban{{KIA}}[40]
(Harakat Nour al-Din al-Zenki top commander)
{{Flagicon image|Flag of the Sham Legion.svg}} Col. Mohammad Bakkar{{KIA}}[41]
(Sham Legion top commander)
{{Flagicon image|Logo of Jaysh al-Islam.jpg}} Kamal Ahmad{{KIA}}[42]
(8th Brigade commander)
Abdel-Rahman Mansour{{KIA}}[43]
(Islamic Safwah Movement commander)
{{flagicon image|Flag of the Army of Mujahedeen (Syria).png}} Yusuf Zo'ah{{KIA}}[44]
(Army of Mujahideen general commander)
(Army of Mujahideen commander)
{{flagicon image|Emblem of the Jaish al-Fatah.svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Jabhat Fatah al-Sham.png}} Abu Hajer Al-Homsi{{KIA}}[45]
(nome de guerre: Abu Omar Saraqib,[46] Army of Conquest commander of Idlib province and Jabhat Fatah chief military commander)[47]
{{flagicon image|Flag of Jabhat Fatah al-Sham.png}} Abdullah al-Muhaysini[48]
(Jabhat Fateh cleric and leader)
{{flagicon image|Flag of Jabhat Fatah al-Sham.png}} Abu Al-Muthanna {{KIA}}[42]
("Inghimassiyeen" commander)
{{flagicon image|Flag of Ahrar ash-Sham.svg}} Khaled Abu Anas[49]
(Ahrar al-Sham senior commander)
{{flagicon image|Flag of Ahrar ash-Sham.svg}} Mustafa Al-Bayyour{{KIA}}[50]
(Ahrar al-Sham top commander)
{{flagicon image|Flag of Ahrar ash-Sham.svg}} Khattab Abou Ahmad{{KIA}}[74]
(Abu Amara Brigades chief commander)
{{flagicon image|Flag of Ahrar ash-Sham.svg}} Abu Hamza Al-Shami{{KIA}}[51]
(5th Brigade commander)
{{flagicon image|Flag of Ahrar ash-Sham.svg}} Saif Allah{{KIA}}[52]
(Ahrar al-Sham tank commander)
{{Flagicon image|Flag of Ajnad al-Sham.png}} Ali Hamam{{KIA}}[18]
(Ajnad al-Sham top commander)
{{flagicon image|Flag of Ajnad al-Sham.png}} Wa’el Diyab{{WIA}}[18]
(Ajnad al-Sham commander)
{{flagicon image|Flag of Ansar al-Islam.svg}} Abu Leith al-Tunisi{{KIA}}[53]
(Ansar al-Islam commander)
|units1 ={{flagicon image|Syrian Armed Forces Flag.svg}} Syrian Armed Forces
  • {{flagicon image|Syrian Arab Army Flag.svg}} Syrian Army
    • 4th Mechanized Division[18]
    • Republican Guard[81]
    • 102nd Brigade[54]
    • 800th Regiment[55]
    • Popular Security and Support Forces[11]
    • Tiger Forces[18]
  • {{flagicon image|InfoboxNDF.png}} National Defence Forces
  • Military Intelligence Directorate
    • Desert Commandos Regiment[31]
    • Forces of the Fighters of the Tribes
    • Military Security Shield Forces[11]
  • {{flagicon image|Syrian Air Force Flag.svg}} Syrian Arab Air Force
IRGC
  • Isfahan division
    • 102nd Imam Hossein Battalion[6]
  • Alborz division[6]
{{flagicon image|InfoboxHez.PNG}} Hezbollah units
  • Radwan Forces[56]
  • Syrian Hezbollah groups
    • Imam Mahdi Brigade[57]
    • National Ideological Resistance[36]
    • Imam Hujja Regiment[36]

|units2 ={{flagicon image|Fatah Halab operations room.jpg}} Fatah Halab
  • {{flagicon image|Al-Liwaa.svg}} Harakat Nour al-Din al-Zenki[58]
  • {{flagicon image|Flag of the Sham Legion.svg}} Sham Legion[17]
  • {{Flagicon image|Logo of Jaysh al-Islam.jpg}} Jaysh al-Islam[17]
    • 8th Brigade[42]
  • {{flagicon image|Flag of Syria 2011, observed.svg}} Free Syrian Army
    • Fastaqim Kama Umirt[17]
    • {{flagicon image|Flag of the Jaysh al-Nasr.svg}} Army of Victory[59]
    • {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Army of Mujahedeen (Syria).png}} Army of Mujahideen[60]
    • 16th Division[61]
    • {{flagicon image|Alternate flag of the Mountain Hawks Brigade.png}} Mountain Hawks Brigade[17]
    • {{flagicon image|Insignia of the 13th Division.svg}} 13th Division[17]
    • {{flagicon image|Flag of the Northern Division (Syrian rebel group).jpg}} Northern Division[17]
    • {{flagicon image|Flag of the 101st Division (Syrian rebel group).svg}} 101st Infantry Division[17]
    • 1st Regiment[17]
    • Central Division[17]
    • Authenticity and Development Front[17]
    • Levant Front[62]
    • Thuwar al-Sham Battalion
{{flagicon image|Flag of Ahrar ash-Sham.svg}} Ahrar al-Sham
  • Abu Amara Brigades[63][64]
  • 5th Brigade[51]
{{flagicon image|Flag of the Al-Nusra Front.svg}}{{flagicon image|Flag of Jabhat Fatah al-Sham.svg}} al-Nusra Front / Jabhat Fateh al-Sham
  • Inghimassiyeen elite shock troops[42]
  • {{flagicon image|Flag of Jihad.svg}} Katibat al Tawhid wal Jihad[17]
  • Jabhat Ansar al-Din[17]
  • Nusra Brigades[45]

|strength1={{flagicon image|Syrian Armed Forces Flag.svg}} Unknown number of soldiers, 100+ tanks, 400+ BMPs[23]
  • 400 Military Security Shield Forces fighters[11]
{{flagicon image|}} c. 2,000 al-Nujaba fighters[10]
{{flagicon|Russia}} 120+ Naval Infantry advisors, several BMPs[12][65]
|strength2=8,000–10,000+ fighters[23][66]
  • {{flagicon image|Flag of Jabhat Fatah al-Sham.svg}} 2,500+ Jabhat Fateh fighters[23]
  • {{flagicon image|Flag of the Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria.svg}} 500 TIP fighters and 60 suicide attackers[16]

|casualties1=688 killed (per The Inside Source; since 31 July)[67][68]
625 killed (per SOHR; 31 July – 10 Sep.)[69]
|casualties2=1,051 killed (per The Inside Source; since 31 July)[67][68][70]
948 killed (per SOHR; 31 July – 10 Sep.)[69]
|casualties3=718 civilians killed (31 July – 10 Sep.)[69]
| campaignbox = {{Campaignbox Syrian Civil War}}{{Campaignbox Battle of Aleppo}}
}}

The 2016 Aleppo summer campaign[71] started with a military operation launched on the northern outskirts of Aleppo in late June 2016, by the Syrian Arab Army. The aim of the offensive was to cut the last rebel supply line into Aleppo city.[72][73]

By late July, the military had managed to sever the last rebel supply line coming from the north and completely surround Aleppo. However, within days, the rebels launched a large-scale counter-attack south of Aleppo in an attempt to both open a new supply line into rebel-held parts of the city and cut-off the government-held side. The whole campaign, including both the Army's offensive and subsequent rebel counter-offensive, was seen by both sides as possibly deciding the fate of the entire war.[51][74][75][76][77][78]

The battle was also notable for the large loss of top rebel field commanders, with about three dozen being killed.[18][42][43][45][63][51][79][80][81]

By early September, Syrian government troops had cemented their siege of the rebel part of the city.[12]

The campaign

Army advances, rebel-held Aleppo surrounded

{{main article|Aleppo offensive (June–July 2016)}}

The offensive began on 25 June, with heavy Russian air-strikes[82] and ground bombardment.[72] On 26 June, the military made advances into the Mallah Farms,[83] and by 28 June, they had captured half of the farmlands,[84] including the Al-Asamat and Arab Salum areas.[85] The advances brought the Castello Road within firing range of the military's artillery.[86]

After midnight on 7 July, amid heavy airstrikes, pro-government forces captured the southern part of Mallah and came within one kilometer of the Castello Road.[87] They captured a mosque complex and a hill which overlook the Castello Road,[88][89] thus enabling them to bring the road under artillery fire-control.[90] This effectively cut off the only supply route to the rebel-held part of Aleppo.[87]

Several days later, the Army advanced in the al-Layramoun[91][92] al-Khalidiyah[93] and Bani Zeid districts.[94][95] During this time, government troops captured the Sadkop Gas Factory.[96][97]

By the evening of 13 July, the military secured the whole al-Khalidiyah district and most of the al-Layramoun industrial area, after capturing the last several rebel-held buildings in al-Khalidiyah, as well as al-Layramoun’s gas factory, market and glass factory.[98]

On 17 July, the Army and Hezbollah reached the Castello Road, capturing parts of it and completely cutting it after taking control of Castello Hill. With this advance, the rebel-held part of Aleppo city was fully besieged[99][100][101] and the al-Layramoun roundabout came under artillery fire-control.[102] Meanwhile, the military made more advances in the Bani Zeid and al-Layramoun areas, capturing most of the factories.[103]

Between 23 and 25 July, the Army expanded its control in the al-Layramoun industrial area by capturing the Textile Factory[104] a dozen industrial buildings and two malls.[105] Late on 25 July, the Tiger Forces captured two sites in and near the Castillo Complex, threatening to cut off the rebels remaining at Bani Zeid and al-Layramoun.[106]

On 26 July, government forces captured all of the al-Layramoun District after heavy fighting for the last rebel stronghold there, the Bus Station. After also seizing the Al-Castillo Amusement Park and imposing fire control over Bani Zeid, the remaining rebel forces in Aleppo City were left almost completely besieged.[107][108][109]

On 27 July, rebel forces attacked the Kurdish-held areas of Aleppo, although their attack was repelled.[110] The Kurds then proceeded to advance into the nearby rebel-held Bani Zeid Youth Housing neighborhood[111][185] and captured the whole complex.[112] Later that day, the Army officially declared it had cut off all rebel supply routes into Aleppo.[113] On 28 July, the military captured the Bani Zeid district,[114][115][116] as well as the rebel-held parts of the Ashrafiyah district.[117] The rebels withdrew from Bani Zeid before the main Army assault so to avoid heavy losses.[3] The Army then continued to push its assault towards the Dahret Abdrubbah area.[118]

On 30 July, the Kurdish YPG captured the Shuqayyif Youth Housing area, next to the Castello Road.[119][120]

Rebel counter-offensive, both sides besieged

{{main article|Aleppo offensive (July–August 2016)}}

On 31 July, the Army of Conquest launched a counter-offensive both south and north of Aleppo in an attempt to lift the siege on the rebel-held areas of the city. Fierce fighting was reported at the Al-Castillo Highway,[14] while the rebels managed to capture the Al-Hikma school and two hills on the southern outskirts of Aleppo, which constituted an advanced Army defense line.[121] The wide-scale rebel counter-attack reportedly included 8,000–10,000 fighters, 95 tanks, hundreds of rocket launchers and a large number of suicide-bombers.[122][123] By evening, the rebels also took control of Al-‘Amariyah village and reached the nearby 1070 Al-Hamadaniyah Housing Project where fighting continued.[124] During the night, the 1070 Al-Hamadaniyah Housing Project was also taken by the rebels.[125][126]

The next day, the rebels once again advanced and took control of Mushrifah village (also known as Sharfa), that is situated on a hill that overlooks the Al-Assad Military Academy.[127][128]

Over the next several days, back-and-forth fighting took place for control of the 1070 Housing Project neighborhood,[129][130][131][132] Huwayz village,[123][133][134][135][136] Al-‘Amariyah and several hills.[51][76][137][138][139][140][141][142][143][144][145]

On 5 August, a rebel attack on the Military Academy started[146][147] and by the next day the rebels took control of more than half of the Military Academy.[148][149] Shortly after their advances at the Military Academy, rebels both inside and outside Aleppo advanced into the Ramouseh neighborhood, linked up and captured it. With this advance, the rebels managed to cut the government's supply line into the government-held part of west Aleppo[150][151][152] and announced the Army's siege of rebel-held east Aleppo had been broken.[153] However, the new rebel supply line was still under Army artillery fire and being hit by air-strikes,[150][151] making both sides essentially under siege.[150] Since the rebel offensive started, at least 130 civilians had been killed, most by rebel shelling of government-held districts. 500 fighters on both sides also died, mostly rebels.[154] At the end of the day, the rebels were in control of the entire Military Academy base and the Ramouseh district.[155]

Fighting continues, Army retakes territory

{{main article|Aleppo offensive (August–September 2016)}}

On 7 August, fighting was still continuing in the Ramouseh district, where it was confirmed the Army was still in control of parts of the area.[156] The government, backed by Russia, launched an intensive air-strike campaign, in which one of the military schools captured by the rebels was reportedly leveled. Meanwhile, the rebels were putting up a "massive" defense to protect the new corridor.[157] The next day, the Ramouseh district was confirmed to be completely under rebel control,[158] while the Army recaptured al-Sanobrat hill.[159]

On 11 August, the rebels attacked the government supply route to Aleppo between Khanasir and Ithriya, capturing Mahmyat Al-Ghazal.[160] However, the Army recaptured the village the following day.[161]

Between 11 and 17 August, the Army launched several counter-attacks, primarily against the 1070 Housing Project.[52][162][163] During the fighting on 11 August 29 government and up to 20 rebel fighters were killed.[164] By 17 August, government forces recaptured about 70 percent of the district.[26][165]

On 17 August, after capturing most of the 1070 Al-Hamdaniyah Housing Project, government forces also stormed the Air Force Technical Base. The former government commander of the base Brig. Gen. Deeb Bazi was killed as he led the assault.[26][165] Back-and-forth fighting at the Academy continued into early September, when on 4 September, pro-government forces finally overwhelmed the rebel defenders and captured the whole complex.[68][166][167] Thus, government troops reestablished the siege of rebel-held areas of Aleppo.[168]

Also during this time, on 21 August, government forces captured Umm Qara hill that overlooks the Khan Touman-Ramouseh Road near Al-Qarassi,[169][170] as well as nearby SyriaTel hill.[170][171] Multiple rebel counter-attacks in an attempt to recapture Umm Qara hill were eventually repelled.[172]

On 5 September, rebel frontlines in southern Aleppo collapsed, with pro-government forces overrunning three villages, three hills, two factories, two storage facilities, an Air Defense Base and a quarry.[173][174][175]

Between 6 and 8 September, the Syrian Army captured the whole Ramouseh district,[176][177][178][179][180] reopening the Ramouseh Road to supply government-held western Aleppo by 9 September.[181]

On 10–11 September, the Syrian Army and its allies continued to advance in the 1070 Al-Hamdaniyah Housing Project and the Al-‘Amariyah District. They also continued to target the Hikmah School.[182][183][184]

On 11 September, airstrikes interrupted Eid al-Adha celebrations in rebel-held areas of Aleppo and Idlib. US and Russian officials negotiated a ceasefire hours prior, which was to go into effect later the following day at sundown.[185]

Aftermath – Ceasefire and government assault on East Aleppo

{{main article|Aleppo offensive (September–October 2016)|Aleppo offensive (October–November 2016)|Aleppo offensive (November–December 2016)}}

After the implementation of the ceasefire in mid-September, the Syrian Army withdrew its forces from the Castello road to allow UN humanitarian aid into the eastern parts of the city. However, rebel groups outside the city did not allow humanitarian aid convoys into Aleppo.[186] Later, as Russian Marines and Syrian Red Crescent personnel controlling Castello road came under fire by rebel groups, the SAA redeployed its soldiers once again.[187]

On 16 September, the Russian Air Force carried out numerous airstrikes around Aleppo for the first time since the ceasefire had been reached four days earlier.[188] On 19 September, an aid convoy from the United Nations and the Syrian Arab Red Crescent consisting of more than 18 trucks was reportedly hit by air-to-surface missiles as they headed for eastern Aleppo from the town of Urum al-Kubra, killing 12 people and severely injuring several more.[189] At the same time, Russia and Syria restarted heavy bombing raids on rebels in the city.[190]

Early on 21 September, the Syrian Army seized most of Hikma Hill, thus being on the verge of recapturing Al-Hikma school and the 1070 Housing Project.[191][192] However, later in the day, the rebels retook the positions they lost on the hill. Still, the Army managed to capture areas of the Ramouseh district that had been rebel-held since late 2012.[193] Meanwhile, SOHR claimed that 3,000 Russian soldiers had arrived at Aleppo to support new government offensives in the area.[194]

On 22 September, the Syrian Army launched a new offensive into the rebel-held eastern neighborhoods.[195] Government forces also made further progress in southern Aleppo, capturing a few sites.[196][197]

A new rebel attempt to break the siege starting in late October 2016, failed after two weeks of fighting, and consequently all major rebel positions in East Aleppo were overrun by pro-government and Kurdish forces by 13 December 2016.

See also

  • East Aleppo offensive (2015–16)
  • Northern Aleppo offensive (February 2016)
  • Northern Aleppo offensive (March–June 2016)
  • Aleppo offensive (September–October 2016)
  • Aleppo offensive (October–November 2016)
  • Aleppo offensive (November–December 2016)
  • 2016 Khanasir offensive
  • 2016 Southern Aleppo campaign
  • Western al-Bab offensive (2016)
{{Portal|Syrian Civil War}}{{Clear}}

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/tiger-forces-begin-long-awaited-northern-aleppo-offensive/|title=Tiger Forces begin long-awaited northern Aleppo offensive|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=25 June 2016|publisher=|accessdate=2 July 2016}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.masarpress.net/%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%AD%D9%84%D8%A8-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B5%D9%81-%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89/|title=اشتباكات في حلب والقصف يجبر الثوار على الانسحاب من طريق الكاستيلو - وكالة مسار برس|date=26 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=28 July 2016}}
3. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://syriadirect.org/news/as-2-more-districts-fall-to-regime-noose-tightens-around-east-aleppo%E2%80%99s-300000-residents/|title=As 2 more districts fall to regime, noose tightens around east Aleppo’s 300,000 residents|publisher=|accessdate=1 August 2016}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-mideast-crisis-syria-aleppo-idUKKCN10I0LD|title=Jets pound rebels after they break Aleppo siege|first=Lisa Barrington and Suleiman|last=Al-Khalidi|publisher=Reuters|accessdate=26 August 2016}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/map-syrian-army-attempts-capture-new-sites-southern-aleppo/|title=[Map] Syrian Army attempts to capture new sites in southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=8 September 2016|work=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=9 September 2016}}
6. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2016/08/iranian-military-involvement-in-the-battle-for-aleppo.php|title=Iranian military involvement in the battle for Aleppo|author=Amir Toumaj|publisher=The Long War Journal|date=3 August 2016|accessdate=3 August 2016}}
7. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://en.eldorar.com/node/2889|title=Four Iranian officers killed in Aleppo|date=3 August 2016|accessdate=3 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170204153420/http://en.eldorar.com/node/2889|archive-date=4 February 2017|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
8. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/iranian-commander-shot-dead-skirmishes-jihadist-rebels-aleppo/|title=Iranian commander shot dead during skirmishes with Jihadist rebels in Aleppo|first=Chris|last=Tomson|date=31 August 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=31 August 2016}}
9. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/tiger-forces-advance-northern-aleppo/|title=Syrian Army advances in northern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=27 June 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=2 July 2016}}
10. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/iraqi-fighters-pour-southern-aleppo/|title=Iraqi fighters pour into southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=8 August 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=8 August 2016}}
11. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.joshualandis.com/blog/quwat-dir-al-amn-al-askari-another-regime-intelligence-militia/|title=Quwat Dir’ Al-Amn Al-Askari: A Latakia Military Intelligence Militia|author=Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi|work=Syria Comment|date=3 September 2016|accessdate=3 September 2016}}
12. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/russian-troops-head-aleppo-city/|title=Russian troops head to Aleppo City|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=29 August 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=30 August 2016}}
13. ^{{cite web|url=http://aranews.net/2016/08/clashes-continue-syrian-opposition-rebels-kurds-aleppo/|title=Clashes continue between Syrian opposition rebels and the Kurds in Aleppo|date=17 August 2016|publisher=ARA News|accessdate=17 August 2016}}
14. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/battle-aleppo-city-begins-jihadists-storm-several-areas/|title=Battle for Aleppo City begins as jihadists storm several areas|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=31 July 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=31 July 2016}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=48995 |title=Factions continue their most violent attack ever in the decisive battle at Aleppo and tens of airstrikes target the clashing areas |publisher=SOHR |date=31 July 2016 |accessdate=1 August 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220213840/http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=48995 |archivedate=20 December 2016 }}
16. ^1 {{cite news |last= |first= |date= 2 August 2016 |title= TÜRKİSTAN İSLAM CEMAATİ HALEP OPERASYONU – GANİMETLER VE ÖLDÜRÜLEN ESED MİLİTANLARI |url= http://www.doguturkistanbulteni.com/2016/08/02/turkistan-islam-cemaati-halep-operasyonu-ganimetler-ve-oldurulen-esed-militanlari/ |newspaper= Doğu Türkistan Bülteni Haber Ajansı |location= |access-date= }}
17. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 {{cite web|url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2016/08/jihadists-and-other-rebels-claim-to-have-broken-through-siege-of-aleppo.php|title=Jihadists and other rebels claim to have broken through siege of Aleppo|author=Thomas Joscelyn|publisher=The Long War Journal|date=7 August 2016|accessdate=7 August 2016}}
18. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/another-rebel-group-loses-important-commander-aleppo/|title=Another rebel group loses important commander in Aleppo|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=3 August 2016|publisher=}}
19. ^{{cite web|url=https://medium.com/@badly_xeroxed/the-trotskyist-le%C3%B3n-sedov-brigade-in-the-syrian-revolution-bf6ebf5ae851|title=The Trotskyist León Sedov Brigade in the Syrian Revolution|work=Medium|author=Cody Roche|date=5 December 2017}}
20. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/da076830-5d77-11e6-a72a-bd4bf1198c63|title=Outside help behind rebel advances in Aleppo|first=Erika|last=Solomon|date=8 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=26 August 2016|via=Financial Times}}
21. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/video-syrian-defense-minister-inspects-syrian-forces-aleppo/|title=Video: Syrian Defense Minister inspects Syrian forces in Aleppo|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=9 August 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=10 August 2016}}
22. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/islamist-rebels-walk-directly-tiger-forces-trap-northern-aleppo/|title=Islamist rebels walk directly into Tiger Forces trap in northern Aleppo|first=Chris|last=Tomson|date=30 June 2016|publisher=|accessdate=2 July 2016}}
23. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/southfront-syrian-army-deploys-100-tanks-400-bmps-aleppo/|title=SouthFront: Syrian Army deploys 100 tanks, 400 BMP’s to Aleppo|work=Al-Masdar News|author=Chris Tomson|date=8 August 2015|accessdate=9 August 2016}}
24. ^{{cite web|url=https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/NewsReports/567381-notorious-aleppo-intelligence-chief-moved-from-post|title=Notorious Aleppo intelligence chief moved from post|first=Albin|last=Szakola|date=26 September 2016|publisher=NOW.|accessdate=28 September 2016}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/08/syria-rebels-storm-military-base-break-aleppo-siege-160806050412958.html|title=Battle for key military base rages in Syria's Aleppo|first=Chris|last=Tomson|date=6 August 2016|publisher=al Jazeera|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
26. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/field-report-syrian-army-storms-technical-base-southern-aleppo/|title=Field Report: Syrian Army storms Technical Base in southern Aleppo|first=Zen|last=Adra|date=17 August 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=18 August 2016}}
27. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=49969|title=The continuous clashes at the outskirts of Aleppo city cause casualties, factions advance in the northern countryside at the expense of the "Islamic State"|date=28 August 2016|publisher=SOHR|accessdate=29 August 2016}}
28. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/NewsReports/567262-five-generals-among-72-syrian-regime-casualties-buried-this-week-report|title=Five generals among 72 Syrian regime casualties buried this week: report|date=9 August 2016|publisher=NOW.|accessdate=9 August 2016}}
29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=50697|title=The Chief of Staff of a regime forces’ regiment died due to injuries he had during the battles of Faculties and Ramouseh|publisher=}}
30. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/iranian-syrian-commanders-meet-discuss-upcoming-aleppo-offensive/|title=Iranian, Syrian commanders meet to discuss upcoming Aleppo offensive|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=7 September 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=7 September 2016}}
31. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.joshualandis.com/blog/fawj-maghawir-al-badiya-military-intelligence-militia/|title=Fawj Maghawir al-Badiya: A Military Intelligence Branch Militia|author=Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi|date=30 August 2016|publisher=Syrian Comment|accessdate=30 August 2016}}
32. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2016/09/soleimanis-presence-in-aleppo-underscores-strategy-of-crushing-rebels.php|title=Soleimani’s presence in Aleppo underscores strategy of crushing rebels - The Long War Journal|publisher=|accessdate=9 September 2016}}
33. ^{{cite web|url=http://en.eldorar.com/node/3187|title=Three Iranian leaders have been killed in Syria’s battles|date=6 September 2016|publisher=El-Dorar Al-Shamia|accessdate=7 September 2016}}
34. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/prominent-hezbollah-commander-dies-mysterious-circumstances/|title=Prominent Hezbollah commander dies under mysterious circumstances|first=Chris|last=Tomson|date=10 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=11 July 2016}}
35. ^{{cite web|url=http://en.eldorar.com/node/3200|title=The killing of Hassan Mousa Abdul Nabi, a leader in Hezbollah of #Aleppo|date=8 September 2016|publisher=El-Dorar Al-Shamia|accessdate=9 September 2016}}
36. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.aymennjawad.org/19110/syrian-hezbollah-militias-of-nubl-and-zahara|title=Syrian Hezbollah Militias of Nubl and Zahara'|author=Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi|date=15 August 2016|accessdate=16 August 2016}}
37. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.aranews.net/2016/08/syrian-kurdish-forces-reject-regime-request-leave-positions-aleppo/|title=Syrian Kurdish forces reject regime request to leave positions in Aleppo|work=ARA News|date=1 August 2016|accessdate=1 August 2016}}
38. ^{{cite web|url=http://en.eldorar.com/node/2854|title="YPG" Command Killed in Sheikh Maksoud’s battles of Aleppo|date=30 July 2016|accessdate=30 July 2016}}
39. ^{{cite web|url=http://aranews.net/2016/08/breaking-aleppo-siege-syrian-rebels-threaten-attack-kurds/|title=After breaking Aleppo siege, Syrian rebels threaten to attack Kurds|work=ARA News|date=10 August 2016|accessdate=10 August 2016}}
40. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/rebel-military-leader-killed-aleppo-clashes/|title=Rebel military leader killed in Aleppo clashes|first=Alaa|last=Al-Mohammad|date=28 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=28 July 2016}}
41. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/prominent-rebel-commander-killed-mallah-battles/|title=Prominent rebel commander killed in Mallah battles|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|work=Al-Masdar News|date=10 July 2016|accessdate=10 July 2016}}
42. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/compilation-high-ranking-jihadist-commanders-killed-past-24-hours/|title=Compilation of high-ranking jihadist commanders killed in past 24 hours|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=10 August 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=10 August 2016}}
43. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadist-rebels-suffer-heavy-casualties-failed-northern-aleppo-offensive/|title=Jihadist rebels suffer heavy casualties in failed northern Aleppo offensive|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=9 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=12 July 2016}}
44. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/military-commander-jaish-al-mujahideen-killed-south-aleppo/|title=Military Commander of Jaish Al-Mujahideen killed in south Aleppo|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=11 August 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=11 August 2016}}
45. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/breaking-airstrike-targets-jaish-al-fateh-meeting-aleppo/|title=Breaking: Airstrike targets Jaish Al-Fateh meeting in Aleppo|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=8 September 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=9 September 2016}}
46. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-37314280|title=Syria conflict: Senior militant leader 'killed' near Aleppo}}
47. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/air-strike-kills-syrian-rebel-commander-rebels-1391659731|title=Nusra Front former commander killed in Syria, fighters say|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=9 September 2016|publisher=Middle East Eye|accessdate=9 September 2016}}
48. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=49067 |title=After Muhaysini vowed… tens of strikes accompany the heavy clashes southwest of Aleppo city |date=3 August 2016 |publisher=SOHR |accessdate=4 August 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161007194528/http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=49067 |archivedate=7 October 2016 }}
49. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/ahrar-al-sham-admits-losing-170-fighters-southern-aleppo/|title=Ahrar Al-Sham admits losing 170 fighters in southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=11 September 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=11 September 2016}}
50. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/high-ranking-jihadist-commander-killed-southern-aleppo/|title=High-ranking jihadist commander killed in southern Aleppo|date=29 August 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=30 August 2016}}
51. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-jihadists-trade-blows-southwest-aleppo-map-update-2/|title=Syrian Army, jihadists trade blows in southwest Aleppo – Map Update|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=2 August 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=3 August 2016}}
52. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/battle-aleppo-field-report/|title=Battle of Aleppo: Field Report|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=14 August 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=15 August 2016}}
53. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/top-salafist-commander-killed-southern-aleppo/|title=Top salafist commander killed in southern Aleppo|first=Zen|last=Adra|date=20 August 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=20 August 2016}}
54. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-hezbollah-attack-strategic-military-site-southern-aleppo/|title=Syrian Army, Hezbollah attack strategic military site in southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=2 September 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=2 September 2016}}
55. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/video-massive-syrian-army-reinforcements-pour-aleppo/|title=[Video] Massive Syrian Army reinforcements pour in Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=25 August 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=25 August 2016}}
56. ^{{cite web|url=https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/NewsReports/567257-hezbollah-deploying-elite-force-to-aleppo-iran-media|title=Hezbollah deploying elite force to Aleppo: Iran media|publisher=NOW.|date=8 August 2016|accessdate=8 August 2016}}
57. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aymennjawad.org/19041/liwa-al-imam-al-mahdi-a-syrian-hezbollah-formation|title=Liwa al-Imam al-Mahdi: A Syrian Hezbollah Formation|author=Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi|date=23 July 2016|accessdate=25 July 2016}}
58. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-36835678|title=Syria conflict: Rebels 'filmed beheading boy' in Aleppo|author=|publisher=BBC|date=19 July 2016|accessdate=19 July 2016}}
59. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/aleppo-castello-road_us_578bab37e4b0867123e1a313|title=Assad Seizes Only Road Into Rebel-Held Aleppo As Siege Tightens|date=17 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=21 July 2016}}
60. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadist-rebels-mourn-loss-16-fighters-government-forces-advance-aleppo-city/|title=Jihadist rebels mourn the loss of 16 fighters as government forces advance in Aleppo City|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=18 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=19 July 2016}}
61. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/rebel-group-verge-total-collapse-aleppo/|title=Rebel group on the verge of total collapse in Aleppo|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=25 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=25 July 2016}}
62. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-36868706|title=Syria war: Aleppo tunnel bomb 'kills 38 government troops' - BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=3 August 2016}}
63. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/prominent-rebel-commander-neutralized-aleppo/|title=Prominent rebel commander neutralized in Aleppo|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=25 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=25 July 2016}}
64. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=48781 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220213812/http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=48781 |dead-url=yes |archive-date=20 December 2016 |title=The regime forces advance and reinforce the siege of the eastern neighborhoods of Aleppo and more casualties raise the number to 18 in the massacre of al-MashHad neighborhood |publisher=SOHR |date=26 July 2016 |accessdate=26 July 2016 }}
65. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/russian-army-convoy-arrives-aleppo/|title=Russian Army convoy arrives in Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=30 August 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=30 August 2016}}
66. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/islamist-group-mourns-fallen-rebel-fighters-southern-aleppo-offensive/|title=Islamist group mourns fallen rebel fighters during southern Aleppo offensive|first=Chris|last=Tomson|date=2 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=3 August 2016}}
67. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.insidesourcenews.com/#!Complete-Aleppo-Battle-Report/cjds/57b15db60cf23f8fc3b69d06|title=The Inside Source|publisher=|accessdate=26 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160830231409/http://www.insidesourcenews.com/#!Complete-Aleppo-Battle-Report/cjds/57b15db60cf23f8fc3b69d06|archive-date=30 August 2016|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
68. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.insidesourcenews.com/#!BREAKING-Artillery-Base-in-South-Aleppo-under-SAA-Control/cjds/57c9479dda6989244660cdd2|title=BREAKING - Artillery Base in South Aleppo under SAA Control!|publisher=The Inside Source|date=4 September 2016|accessdate=4 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160830231409/http://www.insidesourcenews.com/#!BREAKING-Artillery-Base-in-South-Aleppo-under-SAA-Control/cjds/57c9479dda6989244660cdd2|archive-date=30 August 2016|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
69. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=50493|title=More than 11000 casualties and injuries in the battle of breaking the siege of Aleppo city|publisher=SOHR|accessdate=10 September 2016}}
70. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.insidesourcenews.com/single-post/2016/09/12/Waves-of-Airstrikes-Light-Up-Southern-Aleppo|title=The Inside Source|publisher=|accessdate=22 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170204153628/http://www.insidesourcenews.com/single-post/2016/09/12/Waves-of-Airstrikes-Light-Up-Southern-Aleppo|archive-date=4 February 2017|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
71. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-aleppo-idUSKCN11B1QL|title=Syrian army presses Aleppo campaign as rebels retrench|date=6 September 2016|publisher=|accessdate=9 September 2016|via=Reuters}}
72. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-06/26/c_135467722.htm|title=Syrian army unleashes broad offensive in Aleppo|publisher=|accessdate=2 July 2016}}
73. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.morningstaronline.co.uk/a-4241-Syria-Army-bid-to-cut-off-Aleppo-unleashes-fierce-fighting#.V3WUhut96Uk|title=Syria: Army bid to cut off Aleppo unleashes fierce fighting|publisher=|accessdate=2 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160630013917/http://www.morningstaronline.co.uk/a-4241-Syria-Army-bid-to-cut-off-Aleppo-unleashes-fierce-fighting#.V3WUhut96Uk|archive-date=30 June 2016|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
74. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.conflict-news.com/articles/battle-for-aleppo-a-rebel-breakthrough-or-bust|title=Battle for Aleppo: A Rebel Breakthrough or Bust|publisher=|accessdate=2 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160816083259/http://www.conflict-news.com/articles/battle-for-aleppo-a-rebel-breakthrough-or-bust|archive-date=16 August 2016|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
75. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/08/syria-war-rebels-vow-intensify-offensive-aleppo-160802152801024.html|title=Syria war: Rebels vow to intensify offensive in Aleppo|publisher=}}
76. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.dailystar.com.lb/ArticlePrint.aspx?id=365332&mode=print|title=Syrian govt forces roll back rebel gains in Aleppo: activists|newspaper=Daily Star}}
77. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.rferl.mobi/a/islamic-state-syria-aleppo-siege-change-war/27900375.html|title=Analysis: Why The Battle For Aleppo Could Change The Direction Of The War In Syria|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
78. ^{{cite web|url=http://carnegieendowment.org/2016/07/29/what-rebel-loss-of-aleppo-will-mean-for-syria-pub-64225|title=What the Rebel Loss of Aleppo Will Mean for Syria|first=Aron|last=Lund|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
79. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-armed-forces-carry-special-operation-avenge-beheaded-boy-northern-aleppo/|title=Syrian Armed Forces carry out special operation to avenge the beheaded boy in northern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=29 July 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=29 July 2016}}
80. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadist-commanders-killed-aleppo-clashes/|title=More jihadist commanders killed in Aleppo clashes|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=28 August 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=29 August 2016}}
81. ^{{cite web|title=Syrian Army, Hezbollah capture several points in southern Aleppo|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-hezbollah-capture-several-points-southern-aleppo/|website=Al-Masdar|accessdate=18 August 2016}}
82. ^1 2 3 4 5 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/heavy-russian-airstrikes-aleppo/|title=Heavy Russian airstrikes on Aleppo amid preparations for huge ground offensive|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=25 June 2016|publisher=|accessdate=2 July 2016}}
83. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/field-report-syrian-army-advances-northern-aleppo-amid-intensifying-battles/|title=Field Report: Syrian Army advances in northern Aleppo amid intensifying battles|first=Zen|last=Adra|date=26 June 2016|publisher=|accessdate=2 July 2016}}
84. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.heart.co.uk/news/uk-world/syrian-government-forces-close-in-on-aleppo/#2FQX2A4IH9zqzwh3.97|title=Syrian Government Forces Close In On Aleppo|publisher=|accessdate=2 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629160241/http://www.heart.co.uk/news/uk-world/syrian-government-forces-close-in-on-aleppo/#2FQX2A4IH9zqzwh3.97|archive-date=29 June 2016|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
85. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/aleppo-battle-update-syrian-army-fully-recaptures-eastern-parts-mallah-map/|title=Aleppo Battle Update: Syrian Army fully recaptures eastern parts of Mallah + [Map]|first=Zen|last=Adra|date=26 June 2016|publisher=|accessdate=2 July 2016}}
86. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/middle_east/syrian-troops-capture-important-area-near-the-city-of-aleppo/2016/06/28/1109d1fa-3d26-11e6-9e16-4cf01a41decb_story.html|title=US-backed Syrian rebels move toward IS-held town near Iraq|publisher=|accessdate=2 July 2016}}
87. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-aleppo-idUSKCN0ZN0U2|title=Syrian army fire cuts only road into rebel-held Aleppo: rebels|work=Reuters|date=7 July 2016}}
88. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.straitstimes.com/world/middle-east/fierce-fighting-for-key-aleppo-road-despite-syria-truce|title=Fierce fighting for key Aleppo road despite Syria truce|newspaper=The Straits Times|accessdate=9 July 2016}}
89. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-36735196|title=Syria conflict: Army fire 'cuts key Aleppo road' - BBC News|publisher=|accessdate=9 July 2016}}
90. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/breaking-aleppo-rebels-trapped-as-syrian-army-cuts-off-main-supply-route/|title=Aleppo rebels trapped as Syrian Army cuts off main supply route. Map Update|first=Zen|last=Adra|date=7 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=9 July 2016}}
91. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-continues-advance-aleppo-neighborhoods/|title=Syrian Army continues advance in Aleppo neighborhoods|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=9 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=12 July 2016}}
92. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/38-%D8%B4%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%8B-%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85%D9%87%D9%85-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B7%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%84-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D9%81/|title=38 شهيداً معظمهم من الأطفال والمواطنات في القذائف على مدينة حلب وتقدم للنظام في الليرمون وشهداء وجرحى في قصف جوي على المدينة|publisher=|accessdate=12 July 2016}}
93. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.qasioun.net/en/news/show/31138/Syrian_Regime_Progressing_In_Khaldya_Front_%E2%80%A6_Russians_Shelling_Aleppo%E2%80%99s_Neighborhood|title=Syrian Regime Progressing In Khaldya Front … Russians Shelling Aleppo’s Neighborhood - Qasion News Agency|publisher=|accessdate=12 July 2016}}
94. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/russian-airstrikes-propel-syrian-army-inside-aleppo-city/|title=Russian airstrikes propel the Syrian Army inside Aleppo City|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=10 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=12 July 2016}}
95. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/2016/07/13/%d8%a7%d8%b4%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b9%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%81%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a3%d8%b7%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%81-%d9%85%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%84%d8%a8-%d9%88%d8%b4%d9%85%d8%a7/|title=اشتباكات عنيفة في أطراف مدينة حلب وشمالها وقصف جوي يستهدف المدينة وريفيها الشمالي والغربي|first=|last=user3|publisher=|accessdate=21 July 2016}}
96. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-advances-inside-key-aleppo-district/|title=Syrian Army advances inside key Aleppo district|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=11 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=12 July 2016}}
97. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.yahoo.com/news/syria-army-presses-aleppo-offensive-despite-truce-extension-112656403.html|title=Syria army presses Aleppo offensive despite truce extension|publisher=|accessdate=15 July 2016}}
98. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/breakthrough-aleppo-syrian-army-captures-khalidiyeh-district-map-update/|title=Breakthrough in Aleppo as the Syrian Army captures Khalidiyeh district - Map update|first=Chris|last=Tomson|date=13 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=15 July 2016}}
99. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-aleppo-idUSKCN0ZX09Q|title=Syrian army seizes only road into rebel-held Aleppo|date=17 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=21 July 2016|via=Reuters}}
100. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2016/07/17/world/middleeast/ap-ml-syria.html|title=Syrian Troops Besiege Rebel-Held Parts of Aleppo|date=17 July 2016|work=AP|accessdate=21 July 2016|via=The New York Times}}
101. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/tiger-forces-advance-north-aleppo/|title=Tiger Forces advance in North Aleppo - Map update|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=17 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=21 July 2016}}
102. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/syria24media/posts/1074327982602983|title=Syria 24 Media - Timeline - Facebook|publisher=|accessdate=21 July 2016}}
103. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/2016/07/17/%d8%a7%d8%b4%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b9%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%81%d8%a9-%d9%88%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b5%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%85%d8%b9-%d9%82/|title=اشتباكات عنيفة ومتواصلة بالتزامن مع قصف مكثف في منطقة معامل الليرمون وفي جبهتي الكاستيلو وبني زيد|first=|last=user6|publisher=|accessdate=21 July 2016}}
104. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-advances-inside-jihadist-controlled-aleppo-city/|title=Syrian Army advances inside jihadist controlled Aleppo City|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=23 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=28 July 2016}}
105. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-advances-northwest-aleppo-jihadist-defenses-crumble/|title=Syrian Army advances in northwest Aleppo as jihadist defenses crumble|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=25 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=25 July 2016}}
106. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/tiger-forces-continue-advance-north-aleppo-capture-points-imperative-highway/|title=Tiger Forces continue to advance in north Aleppo, capture points on imperative highway|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=25 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=25 July 2016}}
107. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-seizes-key-district-aleppo-city/|title=Syrian Army seizes key district in Aleppo City|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=26 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=26 July 2016}}
108. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jordantimes.com/news/region/syria-regime-advances-rebels-aleppo-%E2%80%94-monitor|title=Syria regime advances on rebels in Aleppo: monitor|publisher=|accessdate=28 July 2016}}
109. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-imposes-fire-control-rebel-stronghold-aleppo-city-map/|title=Syrian Army imposes fire control over rebel stronghold in Aleppo City: map|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=26 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=26 July 2016}}
110. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/kurdish-forces-beat-back-jihadist-rebels-aleppo-city/|title=Kurdish forces beat back jihadist rebels in Aleppo City|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=27 July 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=27 July 2016}}
111. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/2016/07/27/قصف-مكثف-على-حي-الشيخ-مقصود-واشتباكات-ع/|title=قصف مكثف على حي الشيخ مقصود واشتباكات عنيفة في محور السكن الشبابي|first=|last=user4|publisher=|accessdate=28 July 2016}}
112. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.qasioun.net/en/news/show/32798/SDF_Seize_Over_The_Youth_Housing_In_Aleppo_%E2%80%A6_Russians_Commits_A_Massacre_In_Sakhour_Neighborhood|title=SDF Seize Over The Youth Housing In Aleppo … Russians Commits A Massacre In Sakhour Neighborhood - Qasion News Agency|publisher=|accessdate=28 July 2016}}
113. ^{{cite web|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-mideast-crisis-syria-aleppo-idUKKCN1071FO|title=Syrian army says cut off all supply routes into east Aleppo|publisher=|accessdate=28 July 2016}}
114. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-captures-important-district-aleppo-city-2/|title=Syrian Army captures important district in Aleppo City|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=28 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=28 July 2016}}
115. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-aleppo-idUSKCN108167|title=Syria's powerful Nusra Front says ending link to al Qaeda|first=|last=|publisher=|accessdate=28 July 2016}}
116. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2016-07/28/c_135547190.htm|title=Syrian army captures key rebel stronghold in Aleppo city - Xinhua - English.news.cn|publisher=|accessdate=28 July 2016}}
117. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-takes-control-another-district-aleppo-city/|title=Syrian Army takes control of another district in Aleppo City|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=28 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=28 July 2016}}
118. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/latest-field-map-aleppo-city/|title=Latest field map from Aleppo City|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=28 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=28 July 2016}}
119. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.qasioun.net/en/news/show/33055/SDF_Seize_Over_The_Youth_Housing_And_Siege_Aleppo_With_The_Syrian_Regime|title=SDF Seize Over The Youth Housing And Siege Aleppo With The Syrian Regime - Qasion News Agency|publisher=|accessdate=1 August 2016}}
120. ^[https://twitter.com/deSyracuse/status/759342493062365184] [https://twitter.com/sayed_ridha/status/759296911362752512]
121. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/field-report-jihadi-rebels-gain-grounds-southern-aleppo-map-video/|title=Field Report: Jihadi rebels gain grounds in southern Aleppo [Map + Video]|first=Zen|last=Adra|date=31 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=1 August 2016}}
122. ^{{cite web|url=https://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2016/08/03/Syrian-army-allies-counter-attack-to-regain-lost-ground-in-Aleppo.html|title=Syrian army, allies counter-attack to regain lost ground in Aleppo|newspaper=Al Arabiya}}
123. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-rolls-back-jihadist-gains-southern-aleppo/|title=Syrian Army rolls back jihadist gains in southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=3 August 2016|publisher=}}
124. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/russian-air-force-emerges-southern-aleppo-help-drive-back-jihadists/|title=Russian Air Force emerges in southern Aleppo to help drive back jihadists|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=31 July 2016|publisher=|accessdate=1 August 2016}}
125. ^{{cite web|url=http://intelligencefusion.co.uk/2016/07/31/rebels-attempt-to-break-encirclement-of-aleppo/|title=Rebels attempt to break encirclement of Aleppo|publisher=|accessdate=1 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160804031418/http://intelligencefusion.co.uk/2016/07/31/rebels-attempt-to-break-encirclement-of-aleppo/|archive-date=4 August 2016|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
126. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadist-rebels-capture-key-site-aleppo-city/|title=Jihadist rebels capture key site in Aleppo City|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=1 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=1 August 2016}}
127. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/field-report-syrian-army-loses-key-hilltop-southern-aleppo-amid-jihadist-advance-map-update/|title=Field Report: Syrian Army loses key hilltop in southern Aleppo amid jihadist advance. Map Update|first=Zen|last=Adra|date=1 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=2 August 2016}}
128. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.qasioun.net/en/news/show/33268/Al_Fatih_Continue_Progressing_And_Seizes_Over_Sharfa_Village_Southern_Aleppo|title=Al-Fatih Continue Progressing And Seizes Over Sharfa Village Southern Aleppo - Qasion News Agency|publisher=|accessdate=2 August 2016}}
129. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-recaptures-strategic-area-aleppo-map-update/|title=Syrian Army recaptures strategic area in Aleppo: Map Update|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=1 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=2 August 2016}}
130. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=49050 |title=Continued clashes in Aleppo and explosive barrels target areas of Aleppo countryside |publisher= |accessdate=2 August 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220213850/http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=49050 |archivedate=20 December 2016 }}
131. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/2016/08/02/%d9%82%d8%b5%d9%81-%d8%ac%d9%88%d9%8a-%d9%8a%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%af%d9%81-%d8%a3%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a8%d9%85%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%84%d8%a8-%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%85/|title=قصف جوي يستهدف أحياء بمدينة حلب مع استمرار الاشتباكات في أطرافها الجنوبية الغربية|first=|last=user4|publisher=|accessdate=2 August 2016}}
132. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/russian-air-force-pounds-aleppo-city-syrian-army-counters-jaysh-al-fateh/|title=Russian Air Force pounds Aleppo City while the Syrian Army counters Jaysh Al-Fateh|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=4 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
133. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.qasioun.net/en/breakingnews/view/32494/Syrian_opposition_forces_seize_over_Talet_Al_Huwaiz_village_in_the_southern_countryside_of_Aleppo|title=Syrian opposition forces seize over Talet Al-Huwaiz village in the southern countryside of Aleppo - Qasion News Agency|publisher=|accessdate=2 August 2016}}
134. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/2016/08/03/%d8%b6%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%ac%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%af%d9%81-6-%d8%a3%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a8%d9%85%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%84%d8%a8-%d9%8810-%d9%85/|title=ضربات جوية تستهدف 6 أحياء بمدينة حلب و10 مناطق وبلدات بريفها الغربي تخلف شهداء وجرحى ومعارك متواصلة بعنف في جنوب غرب المدينة|first=|last=user4|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
135. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.agathocledesyracuse.com/archives/813|title=Agathocle de Syracuse - Aleppo rebels counter offensive (July 31 – ongoing)|publisher=}}
136. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/2016/08/03/%d8%b6%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%ac%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%83%d8%ab%d9%81%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%87%d8%af%d9%81-%d9%85%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d9%84%d8%a8-%d9%88%d8%a3%d8%b7%d8%b1/|title=ضربات جوية مكثفة تستهدف مدينة حلب وأطرافها الجنوبية الغربية ومزيد من الخسائر البشرية في سقوط قذائف على أحياء فيها|first=|last=user4|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
137. ^{{cite tweet|user=PetoLucem|author=Peto Lucem|number=760567562837041152|date=2 August 2016|title=Opposition map of southern #Aleppo : insurgents capture Al-#Huwayz but #SAA secures Al-#Amiriyyah and two hills.|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
138. ^{{cite web|url=http://europe.newsweek.com/aleppo-syria-civil-war-bashar-al-assad-russia-air-strikes-gas-attacks-486710|title=Alleged chemical attacks are the latest development in Aleppo|publisher=}}
139. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadist-commanders-halt-aleppo-offensive-redraw-plans/|title=Jihadist commanders halt Aleppo offensive to redraw plans|first=Chris|last=Tomson|date=3 August 2016|publisher=}}
140. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.qasioun.net/en/news/show/33546/Syrian_Opposition_Forces_Launch_%E2%80%9CThe_Martyr_Ibrahim_Yusuf%E2%80%9D_Battle_%E2%80%A6_And_Seize_Over_New_Positions_In_Aleppo|title=Syrian Opposition Forces Launch "The Martyr Ibrahim Yusuf" Battle … And Seize Over New Positions In Aleppo - Qasion News Agency|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
141. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/russian-airstrikes-propel-syrian-army-southern-aleppo/|title=Russian airstrikes propel the Syrian Army in southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=5 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
142. ^{{cite web|url=https://mobile.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-reverses-rebel-gains-southwest-aleppo/|title=Syrian Army reverses rebel gains in southwest Aleppo|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=5 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
143. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/syriahroe/posts/913506015424404|title=Syrian Observatory for Human Rights - Timeline - Facebook|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
144. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/2016/08/05/%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%83-%d8%b9%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%81%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d8%b4%d9%87%d8%af%d9%87%d8%a7-%d9%85%d8%ae%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%ad%d9%86%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%88%d8%ac%d9%86%d9%88%d8%a8-%d8%ba/|title=معارك عنيفة يشهدها مخيم حندرات وجنوب غرب مدينة حلب ومزيد من الشهداء في أحياء بالمدينة|first=|last=user4|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
145. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/2016/08/05/%d9%87%d8%ac%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%86%d9%8a%d9%81-%d9%84%d9%84%d9%81%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%84-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%85%d8%b1%d8%ad%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%ac%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%af%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%ba%d8%b2/|title=هجوم عنيف للفصائل في مرحلة جديدة من "غزوة إبراهيم اليوسف" وقصف مكثف يرافق المعارك العنيفة بجنوب مدينة حلب|first=|last=user4|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
146. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-aleppo-idUSKCN10G22V|title=Syrian rebels storm Aleppo artillery base, army says attack repelled|date=6 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016|via=Reuters}}
147. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadists-launch-massive-offensive-artillery-base-following-vbied/|title=Jihadists launch massive offensive on artillery base following VBIED|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=5 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
148. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/battle-aleppo-intensifies-jihadists-enter-artillery-base/|title=Battle for Aleppo intensifies as jihadists enter Artillery Base|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=6 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
149. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.qasioun.net/en/news/show/33708/Jayesh_Al_Fatih_Raids_The_Air_Forces_School_And_Clashes_With_The_Regime_Inside|title=Jayesh Al-Fatih Raids The Air Forces School And Clashes With The Regime Inside - Qasion News Agency|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
150. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadists-advance-ramousah-district-cut-supply-route/|title=Jihadists advance on Ramousah district, cut supply route|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=6 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
151. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=49141 |title=Factions meet the fighters of the besieged eastern neighborhoods of Aleppo and shelling and violent raids on the outskirts of the city |first= |last=user4 |publisher= |accessdate=6 August 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005053229/http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=49141 |archivedate=5 October 2016 }}
152. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/world/2016/08/06/syria-rebels-try-break-government-seige-aleppo/88336208/|title=Syria rebels try to break government siege in Aleppo|publisher=|accessdate=26 August 2016}}
153. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.thenational.ae/world/syria-opposition-says-rebels-break-aleppo-regime-siege-1.149595|title=Syria opposition says rebels break Aleppo regime siege|publisher=|accessdate=6 August 2016}}
154. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.news24.com/World/News/at-least-500-fighters-killed-in-aleppo-in-7-days-20160806|title=At least 500 fighters killed in a week in Aleppo battle: monitor|publisher=News24|accessdate=3 October 2018}}
155. ^Factions incur regime, the Russians, the Iranians and the Lebanese Hezbollah the biggest spiritual and military loss since 2013 {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161005053225/http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=49158%2F |date=5 October 2016 }}
156. ^{{cite web|url=http://hosted2.ap.org/OHCOL/07e34bb59e064cedb7e2776e8db4b4f7/Article_2016-08-07-ML--Syria/id-6f8380a39f3643c884e2cc0075bce6a8|title=AP News - The Columbus Dispatch|publisher=|accessdate=26 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202113042/http://hosted2.ap.org/OHCOL/07e34bb59e064cedb7e2776e8db4b4f7/Article_2016-08-07-ML--Syria/id-6f8380a39f3643c884e2cc0075bce6a8|archive-date=2 February 2017|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
157. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2016/08/07/world/middleeast/ap-ml-syria.html|title=Syrian Rebels Breach Government-Imposed Siege on Aleppo|date=7 August 2016|work=AP|accessdate=26 August 2016|via=The New York Times}}
158. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/understanding-battle-supply-lines-aleppo-city-map-update/|title=Understanding the battle for supply lines to Aleppo city – Map update|first=Chris|last=Tomson|date=8 August 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=8 August 2016}}
159. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/2016/08/09/%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%82-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7/|title=عشرات الضربات الجوية ترافق الاشتباكات العنيفة في جنوب غرب مدينة حلب وشهداء وجرحى في قصف جوي على المدينة|publisher=}}
160. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadists-launch-offensive-obstruct-khanasser-supply-route/|title=Jihadists launch an offensive to obstruct Khanasser supply route|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=11 August 2016|publisher=al-Masdar|accessdate=12 August 2016}}
161. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-chases-jihadists-aleppo-supply-road-fringes/|title=Syrian Army chases Jihadists out of Aleppo supply road fringes|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=12 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=26 August 2016}}
162. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jihadists-foil-first-syrian-army-offensive-southern-aleppo/|title=Jihadists foil first Syrian Army offensive in southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=12 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=26 August 2016}}
163. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-advances-southern-aleppo-amid-russian-airstrikes/|title=Syrian Army advances in southern Aleppo amid Russian airstrikes|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=13 August 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=14 August 2016}}
164. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.insidesourcenews.com/#!BREAKING-Rebels-Repel-HUGE-SAA-Attack-in-Aleppo/cjds/57ac563a0cf2460a62ee65b2|title=The Inside Source|publisher=|accessdate=26 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160830231409/http://www.insidesourcenews.com/#!BREAKING-Rebels-Repel-HUGE-SAA-Attack-in-Aleppo/cjds/57ac563a0cf2460a62ee65b2|archive-date=30 August 2016|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
165. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.insidesourcenews.com/#!SAA-Retreats-From-The-Technical-College/cjds/57b557c40cf25814fdca64f0|title=SAA Retreats From The Technical College!|publisher=|accessdate=26 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160830231409/http://www.insidesourcenews.com/#!SAA-Retreats-From-The-Technical-College/cjds/57b557c40cf25814fdca64f0|archive-date=30 August 2016|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
166. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-captures-strategic-military-base-southern-aleppo/|title=Syrian Army captures strategic military base in southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=4 September 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=4 September 2016}}
167. ^{{cite web|url=http://in.reuters.com/article/mideast-crisis-syria-aleppo-idINKCN11A0QJ|title=Siege of eastern Aleppo resumes as Syrian government re-takes army site|first=Reuters|last=Editorial|publisher=|accessdate=9 September 2016}}
168. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/world/syria-army-besieges-aleppo-as-us-russia-talks-stumble/3100204.html|title=IS ousted from Turkey border as Syria army besieges Aleppo|publisher=|accessdate=9 September 2016}}
169. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=49606|title=Continued clashes and advances for the regime in Aleppo|publisher=}}
170. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.insidesourcenews.com/#!SAA-Counter-Attacks-in-South-Aleppo/cjds/57b9a3420cf2416a2e1cf879|title=The Inside Source|publisher=|accessdate=9 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160830231409/http://www.insidesourcenews.com/#!SAA-Counter-Attacks-in-South-Aleppo/cjds/57b9a3420cf2416a2e1cf879|archive-date=30 August 2016|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
171. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-captures-syriatel-hill-southern-aleppo/|title=Syrian Army captures SyriaTel Hill in southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=21 August 2016|publisher=|accessdate=26 August 2016}}
172. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.insidesourcenews.com/#!Rebels-Suffer-Large-Defeat-in-Southern-Aleppo/cjds/57bd79600cf2f98c52991935|title=The Inside Source|publisher=|accessdate=26 August 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160830231409/http://www.insidesourcenews.com/#!Rebels-Suffer-Large-Defeat-in-Southern-Aleppo/cjds/57bd79600cf2f98c52991935|archive-date=30 August 2016|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
173. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-makes-huge-gains-southern-aleppo/|title=Syrian Army makes huge gains in southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=5 September 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=5 September 2016}}
174. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.insidesourcenews.com/#!BREAKING-Rebel-Frontline-Collapses-in-South-Aleppo/cjds/57cd258c4c5873b76b3ef262|title=BREAKING! Rebel Frontline Collapses in South Aleppo!|date=5 September 2016|publisher=BREAKING! Rebel Frontline Collapses in South Aleppo!|accessdate=5 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160830231409/http://www.insidesourcenews.com/#!BREAKING-Rebel-Frontline-Collapses-in-South-Aleppo/cjds/57cd258c4c5873b76b3ef262|archive-date=30 August 2016|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
175. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-continues-massive-advance-s-aleppo-amidst-jihadist-collapse/|title=Syrian Army continues massive advance in S. Aleppo amidst jihadist collapse|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=5 September 2016|publisher=|accessdate=9 September 2016}}
176. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-attacks-important-district-southern-aleppo/|title=Syrian Army attacks important district in southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=6 September 2016|publisher=|accessdate=9 September 2016}}
177. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/breaking-syrian-army-launches-massive-offensive-south-aleppo-district/|title=Breaking: Syrian Army launches massive offensive in south Aleppo district|first=Izat|last=Charkatli|date=7 September 2016|publisher=|accessdate=9 September 2016}}
178. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-captures-ramouseh-garages-southern-aleppo/|title=Syrian Army captures the Ramouseh Garages in southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=7 September 2016|publisher=|accessdate=9 September 2016}}
179. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-captures-several-sites-southern-aleppo-2/|title=Syrian Army captures several sites in southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=8 September 2016|publisher=|accessdate=9 September 2016}}
180. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/2016/09/08/%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%AD%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A7/|title=قوات النظام تستعيد السيطرة على حي الراموسة بعد أسابيع على خسارتها للمنطقة|publisher=}}
181. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-opens-key-southern-aleppo-road/|title=Syrian Army opens key southern Aleppo road|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=9 September 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=9 September 2016}}
182. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-advances-southern-aleppo-amid-jihadist-collapse/|title=Syrian Army advances in southern Aleppo amid jihadist collapse|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=10 September 2016|publisher=|accessdate=22 September 2016}}
183. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-captures-territory-southern-aleppo/|title=Syrian Army captures more territory in southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=10 September 2016|publisher=|accessdate=22 September 2016}}
184. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-launches-massive-assault-southern-aleppo/|title=Syrian Army launches massive assault in southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=11 September 2016|publisher=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=11 September 2016}}
185. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2016/09/syria-scores-killed-air-strikes-truce-deal-160910135209691.html|title=Hopes fade for peaceful Eid in Syria as over 100 killed|last=|first=|date=|work=|access-date=12 September 2016|via=Al Jazeera}}
186. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2016/09/14/un-says-armed-syrian-groups-blocking-aid-to-aleppo-for-political/|title=UN says armed Syrian groups blocking Aleppo aid for 'political gain'|publisher=|accessdate=22 September 2016}}
187. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-returns-strategic-aleppo-highway-rebel-attack/|title=Syrian Army returns to strategic Aleppo highway after rebel attack|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=16 September 2016|publisher=|accessdate=22 September 2016}}
188. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/russian-air-force-carries-first-airstrike-aleppo/|title=Russian Air Force carries out first airstrike in Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=16 September 2016|publisher=|accessdate=22 September 2016}}
189. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.icrc.org/en/document/syria-attack-humanitarian-convoy-attack-humanity|title=Syria: Attack on humanitarian convoy is an attack on humanity|publisher=International Committee of the Red Cross|date=20 September 2016}}
190. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mideast-crisis-syria-idUSKCN11P146|title=Air strikes hit aid convoy as Syria says ceasefire over|work=Reuters|date=19 September 2016}}
191. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jaysh-al-fatehs-defenses-crumble-syrian-army-swiftly-advances-southern-aleppo/|title=Jaysh Al-Fateh's defenses crumble as the Syrian Army swiftly advances in southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=21 September 2016|publisher=|accessdate=22 September 2016}}
192. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=50903|title=Aerial bombardment on Khan Toman kills 13|publisher=}}
193. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jaysh-al-fateh-hangs-onto-hikmah-hill-despite-crumbling-defenses-southern-aleppo/|title=Jaysh Al-Fateh hangs onto Hikmah Hill despite crumbling defenses in southern Aleppo|first=Leith|last=Fadel|date=21 September 2016|publisher=|accessdate=22 September 2016}}
194. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=50896|title=3000 Russian soldiers arrived to Aleppo to support regime forces|publisher=SOHR|date=21 September 2016|accessdate=23 September 2016}}
195. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-begin-important-east-aleppo-offensive/|title=Syrian Army to begin important east Aleppo offensive|publisher=Al-Masdar News|author=Leith Fadel|date=22 September 2016|accessdate=23 September 2016}}
196. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-hezbollah-storm-southern-aleppo/|title=Syrian Army, Hezbollah storm southern Aleppo|publisher=Al-Masdar News|author=Leith Fadel|date=22 September 2016|accessdate=23 September 2016}}
197. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/syrian-army-continues-advance-south-aleppo-map-update/|title=Syrian Army continues advance in south Aleppo – Map update|publisher=Al-Masdar News|author=Izat Charkatli|date=22 September 2016|accessdate=23 September 2016}}
{{Syrian Civil War}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Aleppo summer campaign, 2016}}

17 : Military operations of the Syrian Civil War in 2016|Aleppo in the Syrian Civil War|Aleppo Governorate in the Syrian Civil War|June 2016 events|July 2016 events|Military operations of the Syrian Civil War involving the al-Nusra Front|Military operations of the Syrian Civil War involving Jabhat Fateh al-Sham|Military operations of the Syrian Civil War involving the Syrian government|Military operations of the Syrian Civil War involving Hezbollah|Military operations of the Syrian Civil War involving Quds Force|Military operations of the Syrian Civil War involving Russia|Military operations of the Syrian Civil War involving the Syrian Democratic Forces|Military operations of the Syrian Civil War involving the People's Protection Units|June 2016 events in Asia|July 2016 events in Asia|August 2016 events in Asia|September 2016 events in Asia
随便看

　

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

　

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间：2024/11/11 22:21:17