| 词条 | 2016 Bolivian constitutional referendum | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
A constitutional referendum was held in Bolivia on Sunday, 21 February 2016.[1] The proposed constitutional amendments would have allowed the president and vice president to run for a third consecutive term under the 2009 Constitution.[2] The referendum was voted down by a 51.3% majority. BackgroundArticle 168 of the 2009 constitution allows the President and Vice-President to put themselves forward for re-election only once, limiting the number of terms to two. The governing party, the Movement Towards Socialism–Political Instrument for the Sovereignty of the Peoples sponsored an effort to amend this article. The referendum was authorized by a combined session of the Plurinational Legislative Assembly on 26 September 2015, by a vote of 112 to 41.[3][4] Law 757, which convenes the February referendum, was passed 113 to 43, and was promulgated on 5 November 2015.[5] Bolivian elections are conducted under an "act of good governance," which prohibits electoral propaganda in the days before an election, and tightly regulates motorized transport.{{fact|date=November 2016}} It was illegal to buy or consume alcohol for 48 hours prior to the referendum to ensure voters took note of their decision.[2] A successful 'yes' vote would have allowed President Evo Morales and Vice President Álvaro García Linera to run for another term in office in 2019. Morales had already been elected three times. The first time, in 2006, is not counted as it was before the two term limit was introduced by the 2009 constitution.[5] Results
AftermathDespite the referendum, the Supreme Tribunal of Justice of Bolivia ruled a little over one year later in December 2017 that all public offices would have no term limits despite what was established in the constitution, blaming foreign support to the opposition campaigns for the nullification of the referendum's decision, thus allowing Morales to run for a fourth term.[6] References1. ^Bolivia Sets Date For Referendum On Evo Morales Re-election Telesurv, 15 October 2015 {{Bolivian elections}}{{Evo Morales}}2. ^1 {{cite web|title=Bolivia’s Re-election Referendum: The case for Yes and No|url=http://latincorrespondent.com/2016/02/bolivias-re-election-referendum-the-case-for-yes-and-no/|publisher=Latin Correspondent|accessdate=18 February 2016}} 3. ^La ALP sancionó la Ley de Reforma parcial de la CPE {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151226052237/http://www.vicepresidencia.gob.bo/La-ALP-sanciono-la-Ley-de-Reforma-parcial-de-la-CPE |date=2015-12-26 }} Vice President of Bolivia 4. ^[https://www.reuters.com/article/2015/09/26/us-bolivia-presidency-idUSKCN0RQ0SL20150926 Bolivia passes law to allow Morales to run for fourth term] Reuters, 25 September 2015 5. ^1 Consulta para habilitar a Evo está en marcha; El MAS ‘se juega la vida’ La Razón, 6 November 2015 6. ^{{cite news|last1=Blair|first1=Laurence|title=Evo for ever? Bolivia scraps term limits as critics blast 'coup' to keep Morales in power|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/dec/03/evo-morales-bolivia-president-election-limits|accessdate=1 January 2018|work=The Guardian|date=3 December 2017|quote=This week, the country’s highest court overruled the constitution, scrapping term limits altogether for every office. Morales can now run for a fourth term in 2019 – and for every election thereafter. ... the referendum results – which the government claims were invalid due to an opposition smear campaign directed by Washington ...}} 4 : 2016 referendums|2016 in Bolivia|Referendums in Bolivia|Reelection |
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