| 词条 | 2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| election_name = Punjab legislative assembly election, 2017 | country = India | flag_year = 1996 | type = Legislative | ongoing = no | party_colour = | previous_election = Punjab Legislative Assembly election, 2012 | previous_year = 2012 | election_date = 4 February 2017 | next_election = Punjab legislative assembly election, 2022 | next_year = 2022 | seats_for_election = All 117 seats of the Punjab Legislative Assembly | majority_seats = 59 | opinion_polls = | turnout = 76.83%{{decrease}}1.37 | image1 = | leader1 = Captain Amarinder Singh | party1 = Indian National Congress | alliance1 = UPA | leader_since1 = 27 November 2015[1] | leaders_seat1 = Patiala (Won) Lambi (Lost) | last_election1 = 46 | seats_after1 =77 | seat_change1 = {{increase}} 31 | popular_vote1 = 5,945,899 | percentage1 = 38.64% | swing1 = {{decrease}} 1.47% | image2 = | leader2 = None[2] | leader_since2 = - | party2= Aam Aadmi Party | alliance2 = AAP+ | leaders_seat2 = - | last_election2 = Party did not exist | seats_after2 = 20 | seat_change2 = - | popular_vote2 = 3,662,665 | percentage2 = 23.80% | swing2 = - | image3 = | leader3 = Parkash Singh Badal | party3 = Shiromani Akali Dal | alliance3 = National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA | leader_since3 = 1 March 2007 | leaders_seat3 = Lambi | last_election3 = 56 | seats3 = | seats_after3 = 15 | seat_change3 = {{decrease}} 41 | popular_vote3 = 3,898,161 | percentage3 = 25.33% | swing3 = {{decrease}} 9.43% | image4 = | leader4 = None | leader_since4 = - | party4 = Bharatiya Janata Party | alliance4= National Democratic Alliance (India)|NDA | leaders_seat4 = - | last_election4 = 12 | seats_after4 = 3 | seat_change4 = {{decrease}} 9 | popular_vote4 = 833,092 | percentage4 = 5.41% | swing4 = {{decrease}} 1.77% | image5 = | leader5 = Simarjit Singh Bains | leader_since5 = 28 October 2016[3] | party5 = Lok Insaaf Party | alliance5= AAP+ | leaders_seat5 = Atam Nagar | last_election5 = Party did not exist | seats_after5 = 2 | seat_change5 = - | popular_vote5 = 189,228 | percentage5 = 1.23% | swing5 = - | map_image = Punjab election, 2017.png | map_size = | map_caption = | title = Chief Minister | before_election = Prakash Singh Badal | before_party = Shiromani Akali Dal | after_election = Amarinder Singh | after_party = Indian National Congress }} A Legislative Assembly election was held in the Indian state of Punjab[4] on 4 February 2017 to elect the 117 members of the Punjab Legislative Assembly. The counting of votes was done on 11 March 2017.[5] The ruling pre-election coalition was the alliance[6][7] comprising the political parties Shiromani Akali Dal and Bharatiya Janata Party and led by Chief Minister Parkash Singh Badal. The voter turnout for the Punjab Assembly election was 76.83%. The Indian National Congress led by former Chief Minister Captain Amarinder Singh defeated the ruling alliance and the newcomer Aam Aadmi Party.[8] BackgroundElectoral process changesIn April 2016, the Election Commission of India revealed about 8 lakh bogus votes of state being cancelled in the past one year and over 7 lakh youngsters who have attained the age of 18 this year were yet to get registered. One constituency in every district will be chosen for trial run of Voter-verified paper audit trail (VVPAT) machines used along with EVMs.[9] Election Commission also decided to set up new polling stations if the number of voters was more than 1200 in rural areas and 1400 in urban areas.[10] 33 constituencies of all district headquarters in Punjab had VVPAT machines installed with EVMs,[11][12][13][14] [15][16] including 22 district headquarters besides 11 high-profile constituencies.[17]
As per the special summary revision of electoral rolls, there are a total of 1.9 crore voters in Punjab as of August 2016.[19]
Political developmentsThe 2014 general election was held in Punjab for 13 parliamentary constituencies. Shiromani Akali Dal and Aam Aadmi Party won 4 seats each, Congress won 3, and 2 constituencies elected Bharatiya Janata Party candidates. The first-time contesting Aam Aadmi Party won from 34 of the total 117 assembly segments, coming second in 7, third in 73 and fourth in the rest 3 segments.[20] Wherever it trailed the major parties its vote share was mostly bigger than the margin of victory of the winning candidate, turning forthcoming elections into three-cornered contests.[21]
The previous election, held in 2012, resulted in a majority of seats being won by ruling Shiromani Akali Dal-Bharatiya Janata Party and Parkash Singh Badal became Chief Minister of Punjab.
In December 2015, Aam Aadmi Party declared that it would contest the Legislative Assembly elections in 2017.[22] AAP which did not participate in the previous assembly election, had fought 2014 lok sabha elections. Their 2014 performance translates to 33 assembly seats out of 117.[23] The performance of AAP was below expectations and 25 candidates of the party lost their deposit amounts.
The Congress will take part in the elections under the leadership of Amarinder Singh, and the party has hired poll strategist Prashant Kishor for campaigning.[24][25]
The BSP is the fourth largest party in Punjab after improving its vote share in 2012 elections[26] started preparations for 2017 early by launching Punjab Bachao Abhiyaan from 1 November 2014.[27] In 2012, the BSP came second from Balachaur Vidhan sabha seat with 21943 votes.[28] On 15 March 2016, Mayawati during a mega-rally in Nawanshahr on the birth anniversary of BSP founder Kanshi Ram in Punjab attacked SAD-BJP government as 'anti-Dalit' and Arvind Kejriwal as a "baniya" who had "always worked against Dalit and Scheduled Caste people" before he became Delhi CM.[29] Mayawati also declared that the BSP will contest Punjab 2017 elections on its own in all 117 seats.[30][31] The BSP declared that it will root out the drug menace from the state within a month of coming to power in Punjab.[32] In 9 June 2016, BSP national president Mayawati supported the film on Punjab drug abuse Udta Punjab, saying there is 'nothing wrong' in it.[33] In May 2016, the BSP launched the Pind Pind Chalo, Ghar Ghar Chalo campaign, a door-to-door driveto to cover 29 million people across 550,000 households with Punjab Bachao, BSP laao (Save Punjab, elect BSP) as its main slogan as well as the overall theme of the campaign.[34] The BSP formed 65 teams for around 15,000 big and small rallies as well as seminars to be conducted in the state. The party also announced a 10 percent reservation for the poor upper castes if the BSP government comes to power in Punjab.[35] BSP Punjab unit started social media campaigning[36] and also visited NRIs for support in Vienna,[37] Europe and North America.[38] On 16 May 2016, the Ambedkar Sena Punjab merged with BSP.[39] Gurmel Chander, former president of The SC & BC teachers employees Union, joined the BSP on 25 August.[40] On 25 September 2016, the BSP announced a list of nine candidates for 2017 Punjab assembly elections.[41] On 25 September 2016, Avtar Singh Karimpuri was replaced with Rashpal Singh Raju as BSP Punjab state president as the former was declared a Vidhan Sabha candidate from Phillaur.[42][43] Karimpuri's entry in Phillaur constituency has spiced up the political battle in the seat.[44] Karimpuri said that the Punjab Congress does not want an alliance with the BSP, rather its agenda was to wipe out BSP from Punjab in the 2017 assembly elections.[45] New BSP president Rashpal Raju announced a mega-rally in Phagwara on 9 October Parinirvana divas of BSP founder Kanshi Ram.[46] At this rally Avtar Singh Karimpuri and Dr Megh Raj attacked Shiromani Akali Dal and Congress as anti-Sikh parties.[47] Election issuesFirst and foremost issue is Drug peddling, There are several election issues like unemployment & lack of skills, farmers' crises, continually failing economy, sifarish (patronage & influence peddling & nepotism), unbridled crime and the role of goons in day-to-day matters of the citizen,[48] road rage & accidents,[49] Atrocities against Dalits[50][51][52] and dalit land issues in Sangrur area,[53][54] the 1984 anti-Sikh riots[55] and the supply of drugs & addiction to them.[56][57][58] Punjabi Non-resident Indians (NRIs) play a major role in elections.[59] Caste and religion dataAs per the 2011 census, 57.69% of the state's population follows Sikhism, making Punjab the only Sikh majority state in India.[60] Hindus form 38.5% of the population, while Muslims, 1.93%; Christians, 1.3%; Buddhists, 0.12%; and Jains, 0.16%.[61] Dalits (Scheduled Castes) constitute 31.94% of the population, the highest percentage amongst all the states.[62] Other Backward Classes (OBCs) like -Sainis, Sunar,[63] Kambojs, Tarkhans/Ramgarhias, Gurjars, Kumhars/Prajapatis, Telis, Banjaras, Lohars[64][65] constitute 20%- 25% of the population.[66][67] Jat-Sikhs comprise 21% of the population [68] while other forward castes (general category) - Brahmins, Khatris/Bhapas, Bania, Thakurs/Rajputs constitute around 20%. As of 2016, Government of India has not publicly released Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011 caste population data for every single non-SC/ST castes (General castes, OBC/EBCs) in India.[69][70][71][72][73] {{Pie chart|thumb = right |caption = Population by faith in Punjab, India (2011) |label1 = Sikh |value1 = 58 |color1 = DarkKhaki |label2 = Hindu |value2 = 38.5 |color2 = Orange |label3 = Muslim |value3 = 1.9 |color3 = Green |label4 = Christian |value4 = 1.3 |color4 = DodgerBlue |label5 = Others and non - religious |value5 = 0.60 |color5 = Black }}
Scheduleof vote in assembly elections in Punjab will take place on 11 March. The Punjab state witnessed a tough fight between the major four political parties in the assembly election held on 4 February 2017.[86] The term of the current assembly will end on 18 March 2017.[87] Districts and constituencies
Distribution of seatsDistribution per district
Distribution per region
Opinion polls
Exit polls
ResultsThe election results were declared on 11 March 2017, with the Indian National Congress winning an absolute majority of seats.[100]
List of winning candidates
See also
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Is Big Score For Prashant Kishor, Say Supporters |date=26 May 2016 |access-date=30 May 2016 |author=Manish Kumar and Suparna Singh |publisher=NDTV}} 26. ^{{cite news|title=The BSP had its vote share increased from 4.13 percent to 4.30 percent -- a rise by 0.17 per cent.|url=http://www.firstpost.com/politics/sad-bjp-lose-vote-share-congress-gains-in-punjab-236735.html}} 27. ^{{cite news|title=BSP to start Punjab Bachao Abhiyaan from November 1|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/ludhiana/bsp-to-start-punjab-bachao-abhiyaan-from-november-1/}} 28. ^{{cite web|title=About Balachaur Assembly Constituency|url=http://www.elections.in/punjab/assembly-constituencies/balachaur.html}} 29. ^{{cite news|title=BSP to go it alone in 2017 Punjab polls: Mayawati in Nawanshahr|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/no-alliance-will-fight-2017-punjab-polls-alone-mayawati-in-nawashahr/story-xvgQ1XSbk8oJZC656XmF2J.html}} 30. ^{{cite news|title=Mayawati says BSP to fight upcoming state elections alone|url=http://www.livemint.com/Politics/mrsP4XosFFz0bwahs4cBpO/Mayawati-says-BSP-to-fight-state-elections-alone.html}} 31. ^{{cite news|title='BSP to contest all 117 seats in Punjab'|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/BSP-to-contest-all-117-seats-in-Punjab/articleshow/52737857.cms}} 32. ^{{cite news|title=Now, BSP claims to root out drugs from state in a month|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/punjab/now-bsp-claims-to-root-out-drugs-from-state-in-a-month/253775.html}} 33. ^{{cite news|title=Nothing wrong with ‘Udta Punjab’: Mayawati|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/nothing-wrong-with-udta-punjab-mayawati-2843445/}} 34. ^{{cite news|title=BSP plans door-to-door drive to woo non-Dalits|url=http://www.livemint.com/Politics/c8bIiOJ5dfr1L0ldW3NDKO/BSP-plans-doortodoor-drive-to-woo-nonDalits.html}} 35. ^{{cite news|title=Punjab: Ahead of 2017 polls, BSP promises 10pc quota for ‘poor upper 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BSP|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/jalandhar/gurmel-chander-joins-bsp/285677.html}} 41. ^{{cite news|title=BSP announces Nine Candidates for Punjab (List available)|url=http://dailypost.in/happening-now/bsp-announces-nine-candidates-punjab-list-available/}} 42. ^{{cite news|title=Karimpuri resigns as Punjab BSP chief, named party nominee from Phillaur|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/karimpuri-resigns-as-punjab-bsp-chief-named-party-nominee-from-phillaur/story-VIytHklLmb04H0MYHrUrGJ.html}} 43. ^{{cite news|title=BSP replaces Punjab president Avtar Singh Karimpuri|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/bsp-replaces-punjab-president-vtar-singh-karimpuri-with-rachpal-raju-3050468/}} 44. ^{{cite news|title=Karimpuri’s entry spices up political battle in Phillaur|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/karimpuri-s-entry-spices-up-political-battle-in-phillaur/story-edMcFaTXTIt7AxsHgcq84H.html}} 45. ^{{cite news|title=Not alliance, congress wants to finish BSP in Punjab: 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Singh|date=11 August 2016|work=The Tribune|access-date=24 August 2016|via=}} 50. ^{{cite news|title=Punjab Boils Over After The Limbs Of Two Dalit Men Are Chopped Off Allegedly At An Akali Dal Leader's Farmhouse!|url=http://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/2-dalit-men-had-their-limbs-chopped-off-at-an-akali-dal-leader-shiv-lal-doda-s-farmhouse-life-in-punjab-s-abhor-comes-to-standstill-248372.html}} 51. ^{{cite news|title=Punjab Dalit ‘atrocities’ echo in RS, Oppn flays Badal govt|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/nation/punjab-dalit-atrocities-echo-in-rs-oppn-flays-badal-govt/171009.html}} 52. ^{{cite news|title=BSP says Punjab govt a meek spectator to Dalit atrocities|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/bsp-says-punjab-govt-a-meek-spectator-to-dalit-atrocities/story-fmPIy1DapNBe270rWwOULO.html}} 53. ^{{cite news|title=Despite Upcoming Elections, Punjab Govt. 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| website=The Times of India | date=27 August 2015 | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Census-2011-age-of-Sikhs-drops-in-Punjab-migration-to-blame/articleshow/48689317.cms | accessdate=6 September 2015}} 61. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/religion/state/3-punjab.html |title=Punjab Religion Data - Census 2011 |newspaper=Census2011.co.in |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 62. ^{{cite web |url=http://welfarepunjab.gov.in/SCpopulation.html |title=Scheduled Caste Population In Punjab |newspaper=Welfarepunjab.gov.in |date= |author= |accessdate=6 July 2016 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160423052611/http://welfarepunjab.gov.in/SCpopulation.html |archivedate=23 April 2016 |df= }} 63. ^{{cite news|title=Saini, Swarnkar/Sunar communities to be backward classes in Punjab|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/saini-swarnkarsunar-communities-to-be-backward-classes-in-punjab-3024245/}} 64. ^{{cite web |url=http://punjabbackfinco.gov.in/backward.html |title=Common List of OBCs State PUNJAB |newspaper=Punjabbackfinco.gov.in |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 65. ^{{cite web |url=http://ncbc.nic.in/Writereaddata/cl/punjab.pdf |title=CENTRAL LIST OF OBCs FOR THE STATE OF PUNJAB |newspaper=Ncbc.nic.in |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 66. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/survey-puts-obc-population-at-40-pc/story-CuajzBUPRt4LZCtiw6aSbI.html |title=Survey puts OBC population at 40 pc |newspaper=Hindustantimes.com |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 67. ^{{cite web |url=http://punjabnewsexpress.com/punjab/news/congress-takes-on-punjab-cm-for-not-implementing-reservation-policy-in-state-51210.aspx |title=Congress takes on Punjab CM for not implementing reservation policy in state |newspaper=Punjabnewsexpress.com |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 68. ^{{cite web |url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/dalit-votes-to-decide-ruling-party-of-punjab/1/169026.html |title=Dalit votes to decide ruling party of Punjab : North, News - India Today |newspaper=Indiatoday.intoday.in |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 69. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/news/national/centre-not-releasing-caste-census-data-because-it-doesnt-want-to-face-mandal-ii/article7404307.ece |title=‘Centre not releasing caste census data because it doesn't want to face Mandal II' |newspaper=Thehindubusinessline.com |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 70. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-centre-releases-census-data-on-religion-hides-caste-figures-2118491 |title=Centre releases census data on religion, hides caste figures |newspaper=Dnaindia.com |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 71. ^{{cite web |url=http://scroll.in/article/746204/before-releasing-caste-numbers-the-government-needs-to-account-for-discrepancies-in-data |title=Before releasing caste numbers, the government needs to account for discrepancies in data |newspaper=Scroll.in |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 72. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.youthkiawaaz.com/2016/03/socio-economic-caste-census/ |title=Why Is Modi Govt. Hiding Socio-Economic Caste Census 2011 Data? |newspaper=Youthkiawaaz.com |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 73. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/castebased-census-data-should-be-made-public-demand-bihar-cm-nitish-kumar/article8769021.ece |title=Caste-based Census data should be made public, demand Bihar CM Nitish Kumar - The Hindu |newspaper=Thehindu.com |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 74. ^{{cite web | title=BC status for Swarankars, Sainis in Punjab | website=Tribune News Service | date=2016-09-11 | url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/community/bc-status-for-swarankars-sainis-in-punjab/293458.html | access-date=2018-07-30}} 75. ^{{Cite news|url=https://joshuaproject.net/people_groups/18150/IN|title=Sonar (Hindu traditions) in India|last=Project|first=Joshua|access-date=2018-07-30|language=en}} 76. ^{{Cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/saini-swarnkarsunar-communities-to-be-backward-classes-in-punjab-3024245/|title=Saini, Swarnkar/Sunar communities to be backward classes in Punjab|date=2016-09-10|work=The Indian Express|access-date=2018-07-30|language=en-US}} 77. ^{{cite web |url=http://punjabbackfinco.gov.in/backward.html |title=Common List of OBCs State PUNJAB |newspaper=Punjabbackfinco.gov.in |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 78. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/survey-puts-obc-population-at-40-pc/story-CuajzBUPRt4LZCtiw6aSbI.html |title=Although the OBC share in the country’s population is about 41 per cent, in states like Punjab, the concentration of the OBC population is less than 25 per cent |newspaper=Hindustantimes.com |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 79. ^{{cite web |url=http://punjabnewsexpress.com/punjab/news/congress-takes-on-punjab-cm-for-not-implementing-reservation-policy-in-state-51210.aspx |title=Congress takes on Punjab CM for not implementing reservation policy in state |newspaper=Punjabnewsexpress.com |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 80. ^{{cite news |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/scs-sts-form-25--of-population-says-census-2011-data/1109988/ | title=SCs, STs form 25% of population, says Census 2011 data | quote=The highest SC population, 31.9 per cent of the state's total number, is in Punjab | newspaper=The Indian Express | date=1 May 2013 |author= |accessdate=20 March 2018}} 81. ^{{cite web |url=http://censusindia.gov.in/Tables_Published/SCST/dh_sc_punjab.pdf |title=PUNJAB DATA HIGHLIGHTS: THE SCHEDULED CASTES |newspaper=Censusindia.gov.in |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 82. ^{{cite web |url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/dalit-votes-to-decide-ruling-party-of-punjab/1/169026.html |title=The Jats in Punjab comprise 21 per cent population - India Today |newspaper=Indiatoday.intoday.in |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 83. ^{{Cite news|url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/chandigarh/punjab-cabinet-to-discuss-rolling-back-backward-status-for-sikh-rajputs-5000521/|title=Punjab Cabinet to discuss rolling back backward status for Sikh Rajputs|date=2017-12-27|work=The Indian Express|access-date=2018-07-30|language=en-US}} 84. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.khatrisabhancr.com/history/|title=History - Khatri Sabha NCR|website=khatrisabhancr.com|language=en-GB|access-date=2018-07-30}} 85. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.census2011.co.in/data/religion/state/3-punjab.html |title=Punjab Religion Data - Census 2011 |newspaper=Census2011.co.in |date= |author= |accessdate= 6 July 2016}} 86. ^Punjab Assembly Eelections 2017 87. ^{{Cite web|url=http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/current/PN1_04012017.pdf|title=Announcement: Schedule for the General Elections to the Legislative Assemblies of Goa, Manipur, Punjab, Uttarakhand and Uttar Pradesh |date=4 January 2017 |publisher=Election Commission of India|access-date=4 January 2017}} 88. ^http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2017/02/02/huffpost-cvoter-pre-poll-survey-aam-aadmi-party-set-to-win-punj/ 89. ^{{Cite news|url=https://twitter.com/TV24India/status/764865870073962496|title=TV24 News Channel on Twitter|newspaper=Twitter|language=en|access-date=2017-02-01}} 90. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.india.com/news/india/punjab-assembly-elections-2017-vdpassociates-opinion-poll-shows-aap-winning-1793344/|title= VDP Associates predict AAP Government in Punjab|newspaper=India.com|language=en|access-date=2017-01-30}} 91. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.theweek.in/theweek/cover/vote-for-instability.html|title=Vote for instability|newspaper=theweek.in|access-date=2017-01-30}} 92. ^{{cite web |url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/congress-india-today-axis-opinion-poll-punjab-assembly-polls-sad-bjp-aap/1/850511.html// |title= India Today-Axis Opinion Poll on Punjab: Congress to make stunning comeback, AAP second largest party}} 93. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.abplive.in/india-news/bjp-congress-neck-and-neck-in-punjab-aap-distant-third-lokniti-abp-news-survey-475265// |title= BJP-SAD, Congress neck and neck in Punjab, AAP distant third: Lokniti-ABP News survey }} 94. ^https://twitter.com/vdpassociates?lang=en 95. ^{{cite web |url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/india-today-axis-opinion-poll-punjab-elections-amarinder-kejriwal-sidhu/1/786226.html// |title= IndiaToday-Axis Opinion Poll of Punjab,October 2016 }} 96. ^https://twitter.com/TV24India 97. ^http://www.todayschanakya.com/punjab-assembly-elections-2017-post-poll-analysis.html 98. ^http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/elections/assembly-elections/punjab/news/punjab-exit-poll-akalis-bjp-out-congress-aap-neck-and-neck/articleshow/57560730.cms 99. ^http://www.businessinsider.in/punjab-exit-poll-aap-will-open-its-account-with-majority/articleshow/57558575.cms 100. ^{{cite web|last1=Gupta|first1=Neeraj|title=How Captain Amarinder Singh Won Punjab: Here’s the Inside Story|url=https://www.thequint.com/politics/2017/03/28/how-congress-campaign-won-punjab-election|website=thequint.com|publisher=The Quint|accessdate=29 March 2017}} 101. ^http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/archiveofge2017/Punjab/05.Performance%20of%20Political%20Parties.pdf External links
2 : 2017 State Assembly elections in India|State Assembly elections in Punjab, India |
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