| 词条 | 2018 French Guiana's 2nd constituency by-election | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| election_name = French Guiana's 2nd constituency by-election, 2018 | country = France | type = presidential | ongoing = no | previous_election = French legislative election, 2017 | previous_year = 2017 | election_date = 4 March 2018 (first round) {{nowrap|11 March 2018 (second round)}} | next_election = French legislative election, 2022 | next_year = 2022 | turnout = 34.76% {{increase}}8.67% (first round) 41.52% {{increase}}6.42% (second round) | 1blank = {{nowrap|{{ordinal|1}} round}} % | 2blank = {{nowrap|{{ordinal|2}} round}} % | image1 = | nominee1 = Lénaïck Adam | party1 = REM–UDI | color1 = FFE25A | 1data1 = 5,927 43.10% {{increase}}6.65% | 2data1 = 8,320 50.65% {{increase}}0.44% | image2 = | nominee2 = Davy Rimane | party2 = La France Insoumise | 1data2 = 4,830 35.12% {{increase}}14.84% | 2data2 = 8,107 49.35% {{decrease}}0.44% | image4 = | nominee4 = David Riché | party4 = Guianese Socialist Party | 1data4 = 1,385 10.07% {{increase}}10.07% | 2data4 = Eliminated | image5 = | nominee5 = José Makébé | party5 = Miscellaneous right | 1data5 = 683 4.97% {{increase}}4.97% | 2data5 = Eliminated | map_image = | map_size = | map_caption = | title = Deputy | before_election = Lénaïck Adam | before_party = La République En Marche! | posttitle = Elected deputy | after_election = Lénaïck Adam | after_party = La République En Marche! }} A by-election was held in French Guiana's 2nd constituency on 4 March 2018, with a second round on 11 March as no candidate secured a majority of votes in the first round. The by-election was called after the Constitutional Council invalidated the election of Lénaïck Adam, candidate of La République En Marche! (REM), in the June 2017 legislative elections on 8 December 2017. As in June 2017, Adam narrowly defeated Davy Rimane, supported by La France Insoumise, in the second round. BackgroundFollowing the second round of the 2017 legislative election in French Guiana's 2nd constituency on 18 June, Davy Rimane, a regionalist candidate, filed an appeal with the Constitutional Council appealing the election of Lénaïck Adam of La République En Marche! (REM), claiming to have identified irregularities that would permit such an appeal.[1] On 8 December, the constitutional council annulled the election of Adam in the constituency, noting that per article R. 42 of the electoral code, each polling station is required to have two assessors; however, no assessor was present in polling stations 1 and 2 in the commune of Maripasoula, where 220 and 276 votes were cast, respectively. Because the electoral code was not respected, the result of the election was annulled and a by-election will be held to fill the vacant seat.[2] On 20 January 2018, the first round of the by-election was scheduled for 4 March 2018, with a second round on 11 March should no candidate secure a majority of votes in the first round.[3] Declarations of candidacies were submitted between 5 and 9 February.[4] Polling stations will be open from 8:00 to 18:00 local time.[5] The vast constituency, covering an area of {{convert|54013.20|km2|mi2}}, includes the communes of Apatou, Awala-Yalimapo, Grand-Santi, Iracoubo, Kourou, Macouria, Mana, Maripasoula, Montsinéry-Tonnegrande, Papaïchton, Saint-Élie, Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, Saül, and Sinnamary.[6] Candidates and campaignOutgoing deputy Lénaïck Adam of La République En Marche! (REM) declared himself a candidate.[7] A 26-year-old business executive,[8] graduate of Sciences Po, and the first Bushinengue elected to the National Assembly,[9] he was already elected to the assembly of French Guiana in the 2015 territorial election on the list of Rodolphe Alexandre,[10] president of the territorial collectivity of French Guiana,[11] and subsequently received the backing of his party, Guyane Rassemblement, in the by-election.[12] The Union of Democrats and Independents (UDI), traditionally allied to The Republicans (LR), surprised observers by backing Adam in the by-election, marking the first time that the party backed REM candidates.[13] Adam was also supported by Gilles Adelson, mayor of Macouria.[14] Christophe Castaner traveled to French Guiana from 23 to 26 February to campaign for Adam in French Guiana.[15] A preliminary investigation into Adam for workplace harassment was opened at the end of 2017 following the filing of a complaint by a former parliamentary assistant. He was also attacked by his opponents in the by-election for his lack of legislative activity in the National Assembly.[16] Davy Rimane, who narrowly lost to Adam in June 2017, also contested the by-election, this time with the backing of Jean-Luc Mélenchon's La France Insoumise (FI).[7] During the 2017 social unrest in French Guiana, the 38-year-old led the Kolectif pou lagwiyann dékolé,[15][17] serving as a spokesman during the protests, is part of the trade union EDF Guyane,[9] and also currently serves as general secretary of the Union of Guianese Workers (UTG).[8] The decision of Mélenchon to back Rimane in the by-election was met with dissent among local supporters, some under the banner of "La Guyane Insoumise", with significant support within the local party for Richard Joigny.[18] In response to these complaints, Mélenchon affirmed his party's support for Rimane, and said that the decision in Paris was made to avoid a result like that in June – when the party designated its own candidate, securing 1.37% of the vote – this time choosing to back a candidate who would be able to win.[19] Rimane is the grand-nephew of Eustase Rimane, who served as mayor of Kourou for 42 years from 1953 to 1995. As in June, Rimane was backed by Léon Bertrand, who served in the government of Jacques Chirac and is currently mayor of Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni, later twice convicted in two judicial cases.[9] At his campaign launch on 17 February, Rimane received the support of Member of the European Parliament (MEP) Younous Omarjee as well as Gabriel Serville, deputy for French Guiana's 1st constituency,[20] with FI deputy Danièle Obono also visiting in support starting on 21 February,[21] with Omarjee and Obono later accompanying Mélenchon,[22][23] who traveled to French Guiana to campaign for Rimane from 26 February to 5 March. During the 2017 presidential election, he came in first place with 24.72% of the vote in the first round, just ahead of Marine Le Pen with 24.29%.[15] During the visit, Mélenchon denounced Castaner's travel by helicopter in French Guiana, questioning the financing of the trips; in response, the campaign stated that the trip was properly accounted for, that parts of the constituency are only accessible via air or water, and that the electoral code exempts travel expenses from spending limits.[24] David Riché, mayor of Roura and president of the Association of Mayors of French Guiana, also contested the by-election,[7] a "parachutage" from the other constituency of the department.[16] A "man of the left", he was first elected as mayor in 2008, and was selected as substitute to Chantal Berthelot, formerly a deputy for the constituency, in the 2007 legislative elections. In March 2017, he announced his intention to run in the 1st constituency of French Guiana before later renouncing the possibility.[25] He received the official backing of the Guianese Socialist Party (PSG) after Mylène Mazia declared her candidacy before receiving the investiture of the party.[26] After a supporter discovered racist graffiti against Riché and posted a video of it on social media,[27] public prosecutor Éric Vaillant announced the opening of an investigation by the authorities in Kourou to locate the person who wrote it.[28] Riché was targeted by similar anti-white racism during his first mayoral campaign.[29] After being eliminated in the first round, Riché backed Adam in the second round.[30] José Makébé, a 30-year-old business executive in Kourou, presented himself as a centrist candidate, having supported Adam in June rather than presenting his own candidacy.[31] He ran without the official support of any party, though he previously served as a regional delegate of the UDI youth in French Guiana.[32] Like Riché, he also announced his support for Adam in the second round.[33] Richard Joigny, the 34-year-old director of services of the town hall of Iracoubo who received 5.79% of the vote in June 2017, stood again under the banner of the Guianese Progressive Party (PPG), hoping to capture the left-wing vote in the by-election.[34] He called for a "common left front", and hoped to receive the support of Berthelot as well as La Guyane Insoumise, which withdrew its support for Paul Persdam in the last few days before the first round in June to back Joigny.[35] On 5 February, Jean-Philippe Dolor, former campaign director for Lénaïck Adam, youth leader of the Guianese Socialist Party, and general director of services for the town hall of Apatou, declared his surprise candidacy.[36] Jérôme Harbourg was nominated by the National Front (FN), hoping to create a "surprise" by submitting his nomination papers within the final hours.[37] At the age of 21, he is the youngest candidate in the by-election, studying at the University of the French West Indies and Guiana.[8] Candidates were required declarations of their candidacies between 5 and 9 February.[38] Georges Mignot, a 47-year-old animation assistant, stood for the Popular Republican Union (UPR),[34] replacing Nicolas Miray, who was initially designated as the party's candidate in the constituency.[26] François Asselineau, president of the UPR, flew to French Guiana in order to campaign in support of Mignot from 25 February to 5 March.[39] On 29 January, Mylène Mazia of the PSG declared her candidacy on behalf without having yet selected a substitute,[40] but the PSG disavowed her candidacy, which had not been approved by the party.[41] She claimed that she did not consult the party because she believed the outcome had been assured, having served as treasurer of the party and successfully directed the campaign of Gabriel Serville in 2012 and 2017.[42] On 16 February, Mazia withdrew her candidacy following the death of her brother on 14 February.[43] Two debates with four candidates each were broadcast by Guyane 1ère on 21 and 22 February at 20:00 local time, presented by Laurent Marot and Jessy Xavier. The first debate was held between Dolor, Harbourg, Joigny, and Mignot, and the second between Riché, Rimane, Adam, and Makébé.[44] 2017 election result
2018 by-election result
References1. ^{{cite news|title=Guyane: Davy Rimane dépose un recours contre l'élection de Lenaïck Adam aux législatives|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane-davy-rimane-depose-recours-contre-election-lenaick-adam-aux-legislatives-489395.html|agency=Agence France-Presse|publisher=Outre-Mer 1ère|date=29 June 2017|accessdate=8 December 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Décision n° 2017-5091 AN du 8 décembre 2017|url=http://www.conseil-constitutionnel.fr/conseil-constitutionnel/francais/les-decisions/acces-par-date/decisions-depuis-1959/2017/2017-5091-an/decision-n-2017-5091-an-du-8-decembre-2017.150372.html|publisher=Conseil constitutionnel|date=8 December 2017|accessdate=8 December 2017}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Décret n° 2018-25 du 19 janvier 2018 portant convocation des électeurs pour l'élection d'un député à l'Assemblée nationale (2e circonscription de la Guyane)|url=https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/eli/decret/2018/1/19/INTA1800745D/jo/texte|publisher=Légifrance|date=20 January 2018|accessdate=21 January 2018}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=Communiqué - élection législative partielle 4 et 11 mars 2018 - Dépôt des candidatures|url=http://www.guyane.gouv.fr/Politiques-publiques/Elections/Elections-politiques/Election-legislative-partielle-des-04-et-11-mars-2018/Communique-election-legislative-partielle-4-et-11-mars-2018-Depot-des-candidatures|publisher=Préfecture de la Guyane|date=25 January 2018|accessdate=2 February 2018}} 5. ^{{cite news|title=Vivez en direct le premier tour de l'élection législative partielle|url=http://www.franceguyane.fr/actualite/politique/vivez-en-direct-le-premier-tour-de-l-election-legislative-partielle-391600.php|newspaper=France-Guyane|date=4 March 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 6. ^{{cite news|author=Catherine Lama|title=Législative partielle : 1er tour de scrutin les bureaux de vote ont ouvert à l'heure|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/legislative-partielle-1er-tour-scrutin-bureaux-vote-ont-ouvert-heure-565469.html|publisher=Guyane 1ère|date=4 March 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 7. ^1 2 {{cite news|title=Guyane : les élections législatives partielles se tiendront les 4 et 11 mars|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane-elections-legislatives-partielles-se-tiendront-4-11-mars-551505.html|publisher=Outre-Mer 1ère|date=21 January 2018|accessdate=21 January 2018}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite news|author=Marie-Claude Thébia|title=Législative partielle : portraits de candidats (3)|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/legislative-partielle-portraits-candidats-3-564805.html|publisher=Guyane 1ère|date=1 March 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 9. ^1 2 {{cite news|title=Guyane : neuf candidats à la législative partielle|url=http://www.europe1.fr/politique/guyane-neuf-candidats-a-la-legislative-partielle-3570575|publisher=Europe 1|date=10 February 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 10. ^{{cite news|author=Marie-Claude Thébia|title=Législative partielle : Lénaïck Adam part à la conquête de la 2ème circonscription|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/legislative-partielle-lenaick-adam-part-conquete-2eme-circonscription-557795.html|publisher=Guyane 1ère|date=8 February 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 11. ^{{cite news|title=Législative partielle en Guyane : duel La République en marche/La France insoumise en perspective|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/legislative-partielle-guyane-duel-republique-marchela-france-insoumise-perspective-564615.html|agency=Agence France-Presse|publisher=Outre-Mer 1ère|date=1 March 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 12. ^{{cite news|author=Véronique Bedz|title=Politique : Guyane Rassemblement soutient Lénaïck Adam|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/politique-guyane-rassemblement-soutient-lenaick-adam-555321.html|publisher=Guyane 1ère|date=1 February 2018|accessdate=2 February 2018}} 13. ^{{cite news|author=Arthur Berdah|title=Législatives partielles : l'UDI va soutenir des candidats LREM face à LR|url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/politique/le-scan/2018/01/30/25001-20180130ARTFIG00291-legislatives-partielles-l-udi-va-soutenir-des-candidats-lrem-face-a-lr.php|newspaper=Le Figaro|date=30 January 2018|accessdate=30 January 2018}} 14. ^{{cite news|author=Bernard Dordonne|title=Gilles Adelson soutient Lénaïck Adam|url=http://www.franceguyane.fr/une/gilles-adelson-soutient-lenaick-adam-390187.php|newspaper=France-Guyane|date=21 February 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 15. ^1 2 {{cite news|title=Castaner et Mélenchon en Guyane avant une législative partielle à fort enjeu|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/castaner-melenchon-guyane-legislative-partielle-fort-enjeu-562491.html|agency=Agence France-Presse|publisher=Outre-Mer 1ère|date=23 February 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 16. ^1 {{cite news|author=Laurent Marot|title=Législative partielle en Guyane : le député sortant LRM menacé|url=http://www.lemonde.fr/elections-legislatives-2017/article/2018/03/01/legislative-partielle-en-guyane-le-depute-sortant-lrm-menace_5264199_5076653.html|newspaper=Le Monde|date=1 March 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 17. ^{{cite news|author=Marie-Claude Thébia|title=Législative partielle : 9 candidats et un siège|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/legislative-partielle-9-candidats-siege-558917.html|publisher=Guyane 1ère|date=12 February 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 18. ^{{cite news|author=Véonique Bedz|title=La Guyane Insoumise met les points sur les 'i'.|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/guyane-insoumise-met-points-i-553375.html|publisher=Guyane 1ère|date=26 January 2018|accessdate=8 February 2018}} 19. ^{{cite news|title=A pa mo ki di|url=http://www.franceguyane.fr/acutalite/apamokidi/a-pa-mo-ki-di-387709.php|newspaper=France-Guyane|date=2 February 2018|accessdate=8 February 2018}} 20. ^{{cite news|title=Législatives partielles en Guyane : Deux nouveaux soutiens pour Davy Rimane|url=http://outremers360.com/politique/legislatives-partielles-en-guyane-deux-nouveaux-soutiens-pour-davy-rimane/|publisher=Outremers360|date=19 February 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 21. ^{{cite news|author=Marie-Claude Thébia|title=Danièle Obono en Guyane|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/daniele-obono-guyane-562337.html|publisher=Guyane 1ère|date=22 February 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 22. ^{{cite news|author=Mathilde Siraud|title=Castaner et Mélenchon en campagne en Guyane|url=http://www.lefigaro.fr/politique/2018/02/23/01002-20180223ARTFIG00269-castaner-et-melenchon-en-campagne-en-guyane.php|newspaper=Le Figaro|date=23 February 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 23. ^{{cite news|title=Mélenchon en Guyane pour soutenir Davy Rimane avant la législative|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/melenchon-guyane-soutenir-davy-rimane-legislative-563793.html|publisher=Outre-Mer 1ère|date=27 February 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 24. ^{{cite news|author=Marie-Claude Thébia|title=Législative partielle : un enjeu national|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/legislative-partielle-enjeu-national-563337.html|date=26 February 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 25. ^{{cite news|author=Arnaud Behary Laul Sirder|title=Élection législative partielle : David Riché annonce sa candidature|url=http://www.radiopeyi.com/politique-2/election-legislative-partiiielle-david-richet-annonce-sa-candidature|publisher=Radio Péyi Guyane|date=17 January 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 26. ^1 {{cite news|author=Catherine Lama|title=Législative partielle : la cavalcade effrénée des candidatures|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/legislative-partielle-cavalcade-effrenee-candidatures-556835.html|publisher=Guyane 1ère|date=6 February 2018|accessdate=6 February 2018}} 27. ^{{cite news|author=Marie-Claude Thébia|title=Législative partielle : tags racistes contre David Riché une enquête est ouverte|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/legislative-partielle-tags-racistes-contre-david-riche-enquete-est-ouverte-562565.html|publisher=Guyane 1ère|date=23 February 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 28. ^{{cite news|title=Tag raciste contre Riché : une enquête ouverte|url=http://www.franceguyane.fr/actualite/faitsdivers/tag-raciste-contre-riche-une-enquete-ouverte-390520.php|newspaper=France-Guyane|date=23 February 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 29. ^{{cite news|title=Guyane : enquête après un tag anti-blanc visant un maire candidat à la législative partielle|url=http://www.europe1.fr/politique/guyane-enquete-apres-un-tag-anti-blanc-visant-un-maire-candidat-a-la-legislative-partielle-3583943|agency=Agence France-Presse|publisher=Europe 1|date=25 February 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 30. ^{{cite web|title=#legislativepartielle : David Riché donne ses orientations de vote|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L3MStxJKIJg|publisher=YouTube|date=7 March 2018|accessdate=8 March 2018}} 31. ^{{cite news|author=Marie Claude Thébia|title=José Makébé officiellement candidat à la législative partielle des 4 et 11 Mars prochain|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/jose-makebe-officiellement-candidat-legislative-partielle-4-11-mars-prochain-557347.html|publisher=Guyane 1ère|date=7 February 2018|accessdate=8 February 2018}} 32. ^{{cite news|author=Arnaud Behary Laul Sirder|title=Élection législative partielle : José Makébé se déclare candidat|url=http://www.radiopeyi.com/politique-2/electiion-legislative-partielle-jose-makebe-se-declare-candidat|publisher=Radio Péyi Guyane|date=18 December 2017|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 33. ^{{cite web|title=#RadioPéyi #Péyiinfo [ALERTE INFO 🚨]|url=https://www.facebook.com/radiopeyi/photos/pcb.1841624915857113/1841609122525359/|publisher=Facebook|date=8 March 2018|accessdate=11 March 2018}} 34. ^1 {{cite news|author=Marie-Claude Thébia|title=Législative partielle : Portraits de candidats|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/legislative-partielle-portraits-candidats-562355.html|publisher=Guyane 1ère|date=22 February 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 35. ^{{cite news|author=Arnaud Behary Laul Sirder|title=Élection législative partielle : Richard Joigny se déclare à nouveau candidat|url=http://www.radiopeyi.com/politique-2/45001|publisher=Radio Péyi Guyane|date=21 December 2017|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 36. ^{{cite news|title=Jean-Philippe Dolor candidat à la législative|url=http://www.franceguyane.fr/actualite/politique/jean-philippe-dolor-candidat-a-la-legislative-388121.php|newspaper=France-Guyane|date=5 February 2018|accessdate=6 February 2018}} 37. ^{{cite news|title=Législative : le FN, 9e et dernier candidat|url=http://www.franceguyane.fr/actualite/politique/legislative-le-fn-9e-et-dernier-candidat-388720.php|newspaper=France-Guyane|date=9 February 2018|accessdate=10 February 2018}} 38. ^{{cite web|title=Communiqué - élection législative partielle 4 et 11 mars 2018 - Dépôt des candidatures|url=http://www.guyane.gouv.fr/Politiques-publiques/Elections/Elections-politiques/Election-legislative-partielle-des-04-et-11-mars-2018/Communique-election-legislative-partielle-4-et-11-mars-2018-Depot-des-candidatures|publisher=Préfecture de la Guyane|date=25 January 2018|accessdate=27 January 2018}} 39. ^{{cite news|title=Législative partielle en Guyane : François Asselineau en déplacement pour soutenir Georges Mignot|url=http://outremers360.com/politique/legislative-partielle-en-guyane-francois-asselineau-en-deplacement-pour-soutenir-georges-mignot/|publisher=Outremers360|date=21 February 2018|accessdate=4 March 2018}} 40. ^{{cite news|author=Arnaud Behary Laul Sirder|title=Élection législative partielle : Mylène Mazia se déclare candidate|url=http://www.radiopeyi.com/politique-2/election-legislative-partielle-mylene-mazia-se-declare-candidate|publisher=Radio Péyi Guyane|date=29 January 2018|accessdate=30 January 2018}} 41. ^{{cite news|title=Pour le PSG, la candidature de Mazia est une "infraction"|url=http://www.franceguyane.fr/actualite/politique/pour-le-psg-la-candidature-de-mazia-est-une-infraction-387241.php|newspaper=France-Guyane|date=30 January 2018|accessdate=31 January 2018}} 42. ^{{cite news|author=Catherine Lama|title=Législative partielle : Mylène Mazia rue dans les brancards|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/legislative-partielle-mylene-mazia-rue-brancards-554947.html|publisher=Guyane 1ère|date=31 January 2018|accessdate=31 January 2018}} 43. ^{{cite news|author=Marie-Claude Thébia|title=Législative partielle : Mylène Mazia retire sa candidature|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/legislative-partielle-mylene-mazia-retire-sa-candidature-560219.html|publisher=Guyane 1ère|date=16 February 2018|accessdate=17 February 2018}} 44. ^{{cite news|author=Marie-Claude Thébia|title=Législative partielle : Guyane la1ère organise deux débats à Saint-Laurent du Maroni|url=https://la1ere.francetvinfo.fr/guyane/legislative-partielle-guyane-la1ere-organise-deux-debats-saint-laurent-du-maroni-561895.html|publisher=Guyane 1ère|date=21 February 2018|accessdate=22 February 2018}} External links
6 : 2018 elections in France|By-elections to the National Assembly (France)|March 2018 events in France|March 2018 events in South America|2018 in French Guiana|Elections in French Guiana |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。