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词条 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony
释义

  1. Preparations

  2. Ceremony

  3. Programme

     Parade of Nations  Torch lighting  Wish Fire   Intel® Drone Light Show  

  4. Controversies

     Mike Pence  Russian hacking 

  5. Dignitaries in attendance

  6. Anthems

  7. Ceremony key team

  8. References

  9. External links

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2018}}{{Use British English|date=February 2018}}{{Infobox news event
| title = 2018 Winter Olympics
opening ceremony
| image_name = Opening ceremony DVo-tC7U0AAPyz3.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = Yuna Kim, South Korean Olympic figure skating champion, lights the Olympic cauldron
| date = {{start date|df=yes|2018|02|09}}
| time = 20:00 – 22:20 KST (UTC+9)
| place = Pyeongchang, South Korea
| coordinates = {{coord|37|40|03|N|128|42|20|E|region:KR-42_type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| also known as = Peace in Motion
| filmed by = SBS and OBS
| participants =
| awards =
| url =
}}{{2018 Winter Olympics}}

The opening ceremony of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held at the Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium in Pyeongchang, South Korea on 9 February 2018. It began at 20:00 KST and finished at approximately 22:20 KST. The Games were officially opened by President of the Republic of Korea Moon Jae-in.

Preparations

The site of the opening ceremony, Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium, was built specifically for the Games. The pentagonal stadium seated 35,000. The organizers for the event said the shape was chosen because it is a combination of different shapes, a circle, a square, and a triangle, which represent heaven, earth, and mankind.[1] No Olympic or Paralympic events were be held at the stadium, which was only used for the opening and closing ceremonies. The venue was torn down afterwards.[1]

The broadcast of the Opening Ceremony of the 2018 Winter Olympic Games was available in more than 200 countries around the world.[2]

  • Ha Hyun-woo of the band Guckkasten, Ahn Ji-young of the musical duo Bolbbalgan4, Lee Eun-mi and Jeon In-kwon with his band Deulgukhwa performed and sang John Lennon's "Imagine" at the opening ceremony.[3]
  • The Rainbow Children's Choir performed an arrangement, with Korean traditional musical instruments, of the national anthem, “Aegukga”.[4] The multiethnic children’s choir was formed to educate the Korean public about multicultural families living in Korea. [5]
  • Insooni sang the theme song for the PyeongChang 2018 Olympic Torch Relay, "Let Everyone Shine".[6]

Ceremony

The ceremony's message centered on peace, passion, harmony, and convergence.[7]

Five children from rural Gangwon province led the ceremony, which included one Inmyeonjo (a mythical creature with a body of a bird and a head of a human, a creature that only appears when the world is at peace), four mythical creatures, including a white tiger — spirit animal protector of Korea and the mascot of these Games, natural floral and fauna, and a cast of 2,000. Five children were used to symbolize the five Olympic rings, and the five names were chosen to represent fire, water, wood, metal, and earth, the five elements that are believed to make up the Earth.[7]

Augmented reality and 5G technology were also incorporated in the event. The largest drone show in history, featuring 1,218 Shooting Star drones, was planned for the ceremony but cancelled at the last minute; television audiences were shown a version that had been recorded the previous December.[8]

During the opening ceremony the organizing committee was a victim of a cyber attack, but without major consequences.

Programme

Parade of Nations

{{main|2018 Winter Olympics Parade of Nations}}

The Parade of Nations was led, according to custom due to hosting the original ancient Olympics, by the Greek team, followed by other competing countries in alphabetical order based on their names in the Korean language, with the host country, South Korea, concluding the march.[11]

The delegations from both the host nation South Korea and North Korea (Korea at the 2018 Winter Olympics) marched under the Korean unification flag.[9] South Korean Won Yun-jong and North Korean Hwang Chung-gum both held the flagpole.[10]

Even though the temperature in the stadium during the ceremony was very cold, Bermuda's delegation wore shorts and Tongan Pita Taufatofua repeated his shirtless and oiled up Summer Olympic appearance.[10]

Background music for the parade began with an instrumental version of "Hand in Hand" by Koreana and included modern dance remixes of songs such as "단발머리" by Cho Yong-pil and of traditional Korean music, as well as the following K-pop hits: "Gangnam Style" by Psy, "Likey" by Twice, "Fantastic Baby" by Big Bang, "DNA" by BTS, and "Red Flavor" by Red Velvet.[11] "Red Flavor" was cut off just as the unified Korean team was introduced.

Torch lighting

{{see also|2018 Winter Olympics torch relay}}

The Olympic flame was on a 101-day relay across South Korea. The start of the ceremony takes place in Olympia of Greece. Apostles Angelis, 24 years old cross-country skier, is selected to be the first torchbearer. He said "It is a great honour for me to be chosen as the first torchbearer for the Olympic Winter Games of 2018. It is truly a unique moment that I am looking forward to. I feel very proud and with a unique sense of happiness." [12] Park Ji-Sung, football player in Republic of Korea, was the second person to hold the torch. After the flame touring around Greece for a week, it reached the Acropolis on 30th of October. [12] There were 36 ceremonies held in different cities over a week, then the flame arrived to the PyeongChang Panathenaic Stadium. More than 500 torchbearers participated to follow the rituals of Olympic cycle, and carried the message of peace.[13] In the stadium, Opera soloist Sumi Hwang sang the Olympic anthem during the torch lighting ceremony. The final person to hold the torch was Inbee Park, the golfer from Republic of Korea. Chung Su-hyon from North Korea and Park Jong-ah from South Korea carried the torch and headed up stairs toward the cauldron. [14]As the torch neared the cauldron, an ice skating rink with South Korean figure skater Yuna Kim was revealed.[10] Yuna Kim is the well-known figure skater who won gold medal in 2010 and silver medal in 2014.[14] The cauldron was designed to represent a full moon when it is not lit. Kim received the torch and lit the cauldron.[7]

Wish Fire

The final segment entitled "Wish Fire" featured Korean dance group Just Jerk[15] (who became known internationally for their participation in the twelfth season of America's Got Talent) entered the stage dressed as Dokkaebi, and performers with sparklers on roller blades. This segment in total featured 2,000 fireworks within and out of the stadium, some reaching as high as {{convert|1,300|m|ft}}.[7]

Intel® Drone Light Show

More than 1,200 Intel Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) or drones flying above Pyeong Chang to celebrate the opening of 2018 Winter Olympic Games. Intel® drone team now holds the Guinness World Record of flying largest number of drones. [16] The drones flew together to form custom animations illustrating snow boarding, skiing, other different sports, as well as the iconic Olympic rings. The Shooting Star drones carried on the symbol of unity and progress from lighting of the torch. [17]

Controversies

Mike Pence

While there is no protocol requiring guests to stand for the host country's arrival,[18] United States Vice President Mike Pence was criticized for not standing, as North and South Korean athletes entered during the Parade of Athletes.[18] Pence was accused of hypocrisy, with critics drawing parallels to national anthem protests by NFL athletes.[19][20][21]

Russian hacking

On 24 February, the Washington Post reported that U.S. intelligence uncovered Russian spies hacked computers during the Opening Ceremony, an act that was previously speculated to be the work of North Korea. Analysts believed the Russians instigated the February 9 attack as a way to retaliate for the International Olympic Committee’s decision to restrict the participation of Russian athletes in the 2018 Winter Olympics as punishment for doping violations.[22][23]

Dignitaries in attendance

  • {{flagicon|Andorra}} {{flagicon|France}} Co-Prince of Andorra and President of France Emmanuel Macron[34]
  • {{flagicon|Canada}} Governor General Julie Payette[24][34]
  • {{flagicon|China}} Politburo standing member Han Zheng[25]
  • {{flagicon|Colombia}} Vice President Óscar Naranjo[26]
  • {{flagicon|Estonia}} President Kersti Kaljulaid[27]
  • {{flagicon|France}} Minister of Europe and Foreign Affairs Jean-Yves Le Drian[28] and Minister of Sports Laura Flessel
  • {{flagicon|Germany}} President Frank-Walter Steinmeier[29]
  • {{flagicon|Italy}} Sports Minister Luca Lotti[30]
  • {{flagicon|Japan}} Prime Minister Shinzo Abe[31]
  • {{flagicon|South Korea}} President of Korea Moon Jae-In[32]
  • {{flagicon|Lithuania}} President Dalia Grybauskaitė[33]
  • {{flagicon|Kosovo}} President Hashim Thaçi[34]
  • {{flagicon|Luxembourg}} Grand Duke Henri[35]
  • {{flagicon|Monaco}} Prince Albert II[36]
  • {{flagicon|Netherlands}} King Willem Alexander, Queen Máxima and Prime Minister Mark Rutte[37]
  • {{flagicon|North Korea}} President of the Presidium of the Supreme People's Assembly Kim Yong-nam and Vice Director of the Propaganda and Agitation Department of the Workers' Party of Korea Kim Yo-jong[38]
  • {{flagicon|Poland}} President Andrzej Duda[39]
  • {{flagicon|Serbia}} Minister of Youth and Sports Vanja Udovičić[40]
  • {{flagicon|Slovakia}} President Andrej Kiska[41]
  • {{flagicon|Switzerland}} President Alain Berset[42]
  • {{flagicon|UK}} Princess Anne[43]
  • {{flagicon|United States}} Vice President Mike Pence and Second Lady Karen Pence[44]
  • {{flagicon|United Nations}} Secretary-General António Guterres[45]

On 9 February 2018, Kim Yo-jong — sister of Kim Jong-un — attended the ceremony in Pyeongchang, South Korea. This was a first time that a member of the ruling Kim dynasty had visited South Korea since the Korean War.[46] Kim Yo-jong shook hands with South Korean president Moon Jae-in before sitting down to watch the ceremony together.[10]

Anthems

  • {{flagdeco|KOR}} Rainbow Children's Choir – South Korean National Anthem[4]
  • {{flagdeco|IOC}} Sumi Hwang – Olympic Hymn[4]

Ceremony key team

  • Artistic Director: Yang Jung-woong[3]
  • Executive Director, creative: Song Seung-whan[47]
  • Executive Director, cinematography: Lim Tae-hong, Andrew[48]

References

1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.citylab.com/life/2018/02/its-time-for-the-pop-up-olympics/552896/|title=It's Time for the Pop-Up Olympics|last1=Eaton|first1=Joe|date=February 9, 2018|publisher=CITYLAB|access-date=February 11, 2018}}
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://2018winterolympicswiki.com/opening-ceremony-pyeongchang-2018-live-9-february-2018/917/|title=Pyeongchang 2018 Opening Ceremony LIVE on 9 February 2018|date=18 January 2018|publisher=|accessdate=8 February 2018}}
3. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Hong|first1=C.|title=Ha Hyun Woo, Bolbbalgan4’s Ahn Ji Young, And More To Perform At Olympics Opening Ceremony|url=https://www.soompi.com/2018/01/30/ha-hyun-woo-bolbbalgan4s-ahn-ji-young-perform-2018-pyeongchang-olympics-opening-ceremony/|accessdate=1 February 2018|work=Soompi|publisher=Viki, Inc.|date=30 January 2018}}
4. ^1 2 {{Cite web | title = Who Were the Singers at the Opening Ceremony of the Winter Olympics? | last = Garcia | first = Maira | work = nytimes.com | date = 10 February 2018 | accessdate = 2018-02-11 | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/10/arts/music/winter-olympics-opening-ceremony-singers.html | quote = }}
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6. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BSyw06cGlJ8|title=(ENG) Theme song for the PyeongChang 2018 Olympic Torch Relay (ENG sub)|first=|last=PyeongChang 2018|date=21 September 2017|publisher=|accessdate=8 February 2018|via=YouTube}}
7. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetorch/2018/02/09/584368072/winter-olympics-opening-ceremony-pyeongchang-welcomes-the-world|title=Winter Olympics Opening Ceremony: Pyeongchang Welcomes The World|publisher=NPR|last1=Chappell|first1=Bill|date=February 9, 2018|access-date=February 11, 2018}}
8. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.wired.com/story/olympics-opening-ceremony-drone-show/|title=Inside the Olympics Opening Ceremony World-Record Drone Show|work=WIRED|access-date=2018-02-09|language=en-US}}
9. ^1 {{citeweb|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2018/feb/09/winter-olympics-2018-opening-ceremony-live |title=Winter Olympics 2018 opening ceremony – live!|date=9 February 2018|work=Guardian|accessdate=9 February 2018}}
10. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/tv/2018/02/09/winter-olympics-2018-opening-ceremony-review-pyeongchang-unites/|title=Winter Olympics 2018 opening ceremony review: Pyeongchang unites the world in a blizzard of emotion and effects|publisher=The Telegraph|access-date=February 11, 2018}}
11. ^{{cite news |last=Kaufman|first=Gil|date=6 December 2017|title=2018 Winter Olympics Kick Off With Korean Stars PSY & BTS During Opening Ceremonies|url=https://www.billboard.com/articles/columns/pop/8098906/winter-olympics-2018-opening-ceremony-psy-bts-skating-oasis-ed-sheeran|work=Billboard|accessdate=9 February 2018}}
12. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.olympic.org/news/olympia-awaits-flame-lighting-ceremony-for-pyeongchang-2018|title=Olympia Awaits Flame Lighting Ceremony for PyeongChang 2018|last=|first=|date=19 October 2017|website=Olympic Games|access-date=}}
13. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.olympic.org/news/information-to-the-media-pyeongchang-2018-olympic-flame-lighting-ceremony|title=Information to the Media - PyeongChang 2018 Olympic Flame-Lighting Ceremony|last=|first=|date=23 October 2017|website=Olympic Games|access-date=}}
14. ^1 {{Cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/09/sports/olympics/opening-ceremony.html|title=Winter Olympics 2018 Opening Ceremony: Highlights and Analysis|last=Keh|first=Andrew|date=9 Feb 2018|website=PyeongChang 2018|access-date=}}
15. ^[https://www.pyeongchang2018.com/en/news/behind-the-scenes-of-the-pyeongchang-2018-opening-ceremony Behind the Scenes of the PyeongChang 2018 Opening Ceremony]
16. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/sports/olympic-games/drones.html|title=Intel® Drones at The Olympic Games|last=|first=|date=|website=intel®|access-date=}}
17. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/technology-innovation/aerial-technology-light-show.html|title=A Record-Breaking Show at PyeongChang 2018|last=|first=|date=2018|website=intel®|access-date=}}
18. ^1 {{cite news|last1=Radnofsky|first1=Louise|last2=Cheng|first2=Jonathan|title=Pence Sat During Opening Ceremony. Some Koreans Took Offense.|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/pence-sat-during-opening-ceremony-some-koreans-took-offense-1518259101|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=10 February 2018}}
19. ^{{cite news|last1=Banks|first1=Paul M.|title=Winter Olympics Verify Mike Pence Hypocrisy on NFL National Anthem Protests|url=http://www.chicagonow.com/patriotic-dissenter/2018/02/winter-olympics-verify-mike-pence-hypocrisy-on-nfl-national-anthem-protests/|accessdate=13 February 2018|work=ChicagoNow|date=9 February 2018}}
20. ^{{cite news|last1=Zilber|first1=Ariel|title=Mike Pence accused of hypocrisy for refusing to stand for Unified Korea during Winter Olympics opening ceremony – months after walking out of an NFL game because of kneeling players|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-5375621/Pence-accused-hypocrisy-not-standing-Korea-team.html|accessdate=13 February 2018|work=Daily Mail|date=10 February 2018}}
21. ^{{cite news|last1=Meeks|first1=David|title=By not standing for Korea at the 2018 Winter Olympics, VP Mike Pence embarrassed America|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/winter-olympics-2018/2018/02/12/vice-president-mike-pence-north-korea-embarrassed-america/328254002/|accessdate=13 February 2018|work=USA Today|date=12 February 2018}}
22. ^[https://www.usatoday.com/story/sports/winter-olympics-2018/2018/02/25/winter-olympics-russian-spies-hacked-opening-ceremony-report/371051002/ Report: Russian spies behind Winter Olympics cyber attack]. US Today. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
23. ^[https://www.cnet.com/news/russian-spies-reportedly-hacked-winter-olympics-2018-washington-post/ Russian spies reportedly hacked Winter Olympics]. CNET. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
24. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/governor-general-payette-south-korea-olympics-1.4507777|title=Gov. Gen. Julie Payette to attend opening of winter Olympics|publisher=}}
25. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bta.bg/en/gallery/image/4683766|title=SOUTH KOREA-CHINA-HAN ZHENG-WINTER OLYMPICS-OPENING CEREMONY|date=February 9, 2018|access-date=February 10, 2018}}
26. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/sport/live/2018/feb/09/winter-olympics-2018-opening-ceremony-live|title=Winter Olympics opening ceremony: Koreans enter under unified flag – as it happened|publisher=The Guardian|access-date=February 11, 2018}}
27. ^{{cite news|authorlink1=Kim Tae Won and Kim Young Shin|title=Korea-Estonia summit to help launch peace through Olympics|url=http://www.korea.net/NewsFocus/policies/view?articleId=153762|accessdate=10 February 2018|agency=Korea.net|date=7 February 2018|quote=President Moon Jae-in held a meeting with President Kersti Kaljulaid of Estonia who is on a visit to Korea to attend the PyeongChang 2018 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games.}}
28. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.hani.co.kr/arti/politics/diplomacy/825180.html|title=평창 오는 외국정상 벌써 15명…‘올림픽 외교’ 꽃피운다|date=26 December 2017|publisher=|accessdate=8 February 2018}}
29. ^{{cite news|title=Presidente de Alemania apoya diálogo entre Coreas|url=http://www.dw.com/es/presidente-de-alemania-apoya-di%C3%A1logo-entre-coreas/a-42531385|accessdate=10 February 2018|agency=Deutsche Welle|language=spanish}}
30. ^{{cite news|author=Daniela Cotto|title=Il ministro Lotti a Casa Italia, l’incontro con Lindsey Vonn|url=http://www.lastampa.it/2018/02/09/sport/speciali/olimpiadi-pyeongchang-2018/il-ministro-lotti-a-casa-italia-lincontro-con-lindsey-vonn-AqQhOx28jG9DmCvFllo2zL/pagina.html|accessdate=10 February 2018|agency=La Stampa|date=9 February 2018|language=italian}}
31. ^{{cite news|title=Mandatarios de Japón y Corea del Sur acuerdan continuar ejerciendo presión sobre Corea del Norte|url=https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/es/news/58224/|accessdate=10 February 2018|agency=NHK World|language=Spanish|quote=Abe y Moon sostuvieron una reunión de aproximadamente una hora en un hotel cerca del Estadio Olímpico de Pyeongchang antes de asistir el viernes a la ceremonia de apertura de los Juegos Olímpicos de Invierno.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180211072236/https://www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/es/news/58224/|archive-date=11 February 2018|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}
32. ^{{cite news|title=Lío de protocolo ante la inauguración de los juegos de invierno de Pyeongchang|url=http://www.lavanguardia.com/internacional/20180209/44637116639/juegos-olimpicos-de-invierno-2018.html|accessdate=10 February 2018|agency=La Vanguardia|language=spanish}}
33. ^{{cite news|title=The President attends the opening ceremony of Winter Olympics|url=https://www.lrp.lt/en/press-centre/press-releases/the-president-attends-the-opening-ceremony-of-winter-olympics/29355|accessdate=10 February 2018|agency=President of the Republic of Lithuania|date=9 February 2018}}
34. ^{{cite news|author1=Alan Crosby|title=Winter Olympics Debut A 10th-Anniversary Gift For Kosovo|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/kosovo-winter-olympics-debut-10th-anniversary-independence-gift/29032362.html|accessdate=10 February 2018|agency=Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty|date=10 February 2018|quote=Hashim Thaci, president of Kosovo, said on February 5 during a ceremony presenting the official Kosovar flag to Tahiri.}}
35. ^{{cite news|title=Grand Duke Henri to Attend Winter Olympics|url=http://www.chronicle.lu/category/luxembourg/grand-duke-henri-to-attend-winter-olympics|accessdate=10 February 2018|agency=Chronicle.lu}}
36. ^{{cite web|title=Prince Albert II of Monaco (C) reacts as he visits the House of Switzerland during the PyeongChang 2018 Olympic Games, South Korea|url=http://www.epa.eu/sports-photos/alpine-skiing-photos/pyeongchang-2018-olympic-games-photos-54101554|website=european pressphoto agency|accessdate=10 February 2018}}
37. ^{{cite web|url=https://nos.nl/pyeongchang2018/artikel/2215477-koningspaar-en-premier-rutte-bij-openingsceremonie-pyeongchang.html|title=Koningspaar en premier Rutte bij openingsceremonie Pyeongchang|publisher=}}
38. ^{{Cite web | title = At Olympic Games, Kim Jong Un's sister takes VIP seat | last = Talmadge | first = Eric | agency = AP | work = ABC News | date = 9 February 2018 | accessdate = 2018-02-09 | url = http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/korea-delegation-led-kims-sister-arrives-olympics-52951272 }}
39. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.tvn24.pl/wiadomosci-z-kraju,3/wizyta-andrzeja-dudy-w-seulu-i-spotkanie-z-wiceprezydentem-usa,813345.html|title=Szczerski o rozmowie Dudy z wiceprezydentem USA: od razu wiadomo, że się odbędzie|publisher=|accessdate=8 February 2018}}
40. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.zurnal.rs/miks/zimski-sportovi/59723/zimske-olimpijske-igre-svecano-otvorene-u-pjoncangu|title=Зимске олимпијске игре свечано отворене у Пјончангу – СПОРТСКИ ЖУРНАЛ|publisher=}}
41. ^{{cite web|url=http://sports.news.naver.com/sports_general/news/read.nhn?oid=020&aid=0003119902&redirect=false|title=33개국 정상급 45명 참석 밝혀… 靑 경호처가 근접 보호|publisher=|accessdate=8 February 2018}}
42. ^{{cite news|title=JO 2018: Alain Berset à Pyeongchang pour affirmer la présence de la Suisse|url=https://www.lacote.ch/dossiers/jeux-olympiques-d-hiver-de-pyeongchang-2018/articles/jo-2018-alain-berset-a-pyeongchang-pour-affirmer-la-presence-de-la-suisse-735478|accessdate=10 February 2018|agency=La Côte|date=10 February 2018|language=french}}
43. ^{{cite news|title=Guterres se reunió con el líder norcoreano Kim Yong-nam|url=http://www.dw.com/es/guterres-se-reuni%C3%B3-con-el-l%C3%ADder-norcoreano-kim-yong-nam/a-42526700|accessdate=10 February 2018|agency=Deutsche Welle|date=10 February 2018|language=spanish|quote=El secretario general de la ONU, Antonio Guterres, se encontró con el presidente nominal de Corea del Norte, Kim Yong-nam, en el marco de la inauguración de los Juegos Olímpicos de invierno en Pyeongchang.}}
44. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.edaily.co.kr/news/news_detail.asp?newsId=03821206619076408&mediaCodeNo=257&OutLnkChk=Y|title=美펜스, 올림픽대표단 끌고 평창行..이방카 참석은 '미정'|date=10 January 2018|publisher=|accessdate=8 February 2018}}
45. ^{{cite news|title=9 February 2018, Buckingham Palace|url=https://www.royal.uk/court-circular?text=&mrf=5&date%5Bmin%5D%5Bdate%5D=08%2F02%2F2018&date%5Bmax%5D%5Bdate%5D=09%2F02%2F2018&id=|accessdate=21 February 2018|agency=Court Circular|date=9 February 2018|language=english|quote=The Princess Royal, Member, International Olympic Committee, and President, British Olympic Association, this evening attended the Opening Reception and Ceremony of the XXIII Winter Olympic Games.}}
46. ^{{Cite web | title = US vice-president skips Olympics dinner in snub to North Korea officials | last = Haas | first = Benjamin | work = the Guardian | date = 9 February 2018 | accessdate = 2018-02-09 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/world/2018/feb/09/kim-jong-uns-sister-arrives-in-south-korea-for-winter-olympics }}
47. ^{{cite news|title=Olympics-Pyeongchang picks 'Nanta' producer for 2018 ceremonies|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/olympics-pyeongchang-ceremonies/olympics-pyeongchang-picks-nanta-producer-for-2018-ceremonies-idUSL3N0ZI1P120150702|accessdate=1 February 2018|agency=Reuters|date=2 July 2015|location=Seoul, South Korea}}
48. ^{{cite news|title=Olympics-Pyeongchang picks 'Nanta' producer for 2018 ceremonies|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/olympics-pyeongchang-ceremonies/olympics-pyeongchang-picks-nanta-producer-for-2018-ceremonies-idUSL3N0ZI1P120150702|accessdate=1 February 2018|agency=Reuters|date=2 July 2015|location=Seoul, South Korea}}

External links

  • {{Commons category-inline|2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony}}
  • [https://library.olympic.org/Default/doc/SYRACUSE/172884/pyeongchang-2018-olympic-winter-games-opening-ceremony-media-guide-the-pyeongchang-organizing-commit?_lg=en-GB Pyeongchang 2018 Olympic Games Opening Ceremony Media Guide (as found on Olympic Library)]
  • [https://stillmed.olympic.org/media/Document%20Library/OlympicOrg/News/2018/02/opening-ceremony/President-speech-PyeongChang-2018-Opening-Ceremony.pdf#_ga=2.116249606.1670936625.1546721863-1292983301.1545348118 Thomas Bach, President of the International Olympic Committee's speech]
{{Olympic Games ceremonies}}{{Portal bar|Olympics|South Korea}}

3 : 2018 Winter Olympics|Ceremonies in South Korea|Olympics opening ceremonies
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