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词条 2021 in spaceflight
释义

  1. Orbital launches

      January    February    March    April    May    June    July    August    September    October    November    December    To be determined  

  2. Suborbital flights

  3. Deep-space rendezvous

  4. Extravehicular activities (EVAs)

  5. Orbital launch statistics

      By country    By rocket    By family    By type    By configuration    By spaceport    By orbit  

  6. Notes

  7. References

  8. External links

{{Use British English|date=January 2018}}{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2018}}{{Infobox Year in spaceflight
| year = 2021
| image = JWST Full Mirror.jpg
| caption = The James Webb Space Telescope is set to launch aboard an Ariane 5 rocket in 2021.
| first =
| last =
| total =
| success =
| failed =
| partial =
| catalogued =
| firstflight =
| firstsat =
| firstlaunch =
| firsttrav =
| maidens = New Glenn
  • Omega (rocket)
  • Vulcan

}->


| retired =
| orbital =
| suborbital =
| totalcrew =
}}{{TLS-L|alignment=right|fixed=on}}

This article documents expected notable spaceflight events during the year 2021.

Two spaceflights to the Moon are planned to take place in 2021. Japan plans to launch the SLIM lunar lander, and Russia will resume its Luna-Glob exploration programme with the Luna 25 lander. NASA plans a return to the Moon sometime in the 2020s, and following that a manned exploration of Mars in the mid 2030s.

The long-delayed James Webb Space Telescope, the largest space telescope ever built, will be launched to the Sun–Earth {{L2}} point by a European Ariane 5 rocket in March.[1]

The trend towards cost reduction in access to orbit is expected to continue. United Launch Alliance plans to debut their Vulcan rocket, which was designed to gradually replace Atlas V at lower costs.[1] Blue Origin plans to launch its first orbital-class New Glenn rocket with a reusable first stage.[2] NG Innovation plans to carry out the maiden launch of the Omega launch vehicle.[4]

The first Indian crewed spaceflight, Gaganyaan, is planned for December 2021. The European Space Agency plans to test its orbital uncrewed spaceplane, called Space RIDER.

{{TOC level|3}}

Orbital launches

{{TLS-M|2021}}{{TLS-H2}}
|colspan=7 style="background:white;"|

January


|-
|colspan=7 style="background:white;"| {{TLS-M|2021}}

February


|-
|colspan=7 style="background:white;"| {{TLS-M|2021}}

March


|-{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = 30 March[1] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|EU}} Ariane 5 ECA
|site = {{flagicon|FRA}} Kourou ELA-3
|LSP = {{flagicon|FRA}} Arianespace
|remarks = International space observatory mission utilizing a long-wavelength visible and infrared telescope. Launching to {{L2}}.
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name= {{flagicon|USA}} {{flagicon|EUR}} {{flagicon|CAN}} James Webb Space Telescope
|user = NASA, ESA, CSA
|orbit = Sun–Earth {{L2}}
|function= Astronomy
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = March (TBD)[6] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} Soyuz-2.1a
|site = {{flagicon|KAZ}} Baikonur Site 1/5
|LSP = {{flagicon|RUS}} Roscosmos
|remarks =
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} Soyuz MS-18
|user = Roscosmos
|orbit = Low Earth (ISS)
|function = Expedition 64/65
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = Q1 (TBD)[3] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} Angara A5 / DM-03
|site = {{flagicon|RUS}} Plesetsk
|LSP = {{flagicon|RUS}} Roscosmos
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} Luch-5M 1
|user = Gonets Satellite System
|orbit = Geosynchronous
|function = Communications
|outcome =
}}
|colspan=7 style="background:white;"| {{TLS-M|2021}}

April


|-{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = April (TBD)[1] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} Vulcan
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} Cape Canaveral SLC-41 or Vandenberg SLC-3E
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} ULA
|remarks = Maiden flight of Vulcan rocket
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = TBD
|user =
|orbit =
|function =
|outcome =
}}
|-
|colspan=7 style="background:white;"| {{TLS-M|2021}}

May


|-{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = May (TBD)[6] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} Proton-M / DM-03
|site = {{flagicon|KAZ}} Baikonur
|LSP = {{flagicon|RUS}} Roscosmos
|remarks =
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} Spektr-UV[10]
|user = IKI RAN
|orbit = Geosynchronous
|function = Ultraviolet astronomy
|outcome =
}}
|colspan=7 style="background:white;"| {{TLS-M|2021}}

June


|-
|colspan=7 style="background:white;"| {{TLS-M|2021}}

July


|-{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = July (TBD)[6] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M
|site = {{flagicon|RUS}} Baikonur or Vostochny[12]
|LSP = {{flagicon|RUS}} Roscosmos
|remarks=First mission of the Luna-Glob Moon exploration programme.
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} Luna 25
|user = Roscosmos
|orbit = Selenocentric
|function = Lunar lander
|outcome =
}}
|colspan=7 style="background:white;"| {{TLS-M|2021}}

August


|-{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = August (TBD)[1] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} Vulcan
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} Cape Canaveral SLC-41 or Vandenberg SLC-3E
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} ULA
|remarks = Second flight of Vulcan rocket
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = TBD
|user =
|orbit =
|function =
|outcome =
}}
|-
|colspan=7 style="background:white;"| {{TLS-M|2021}}

September


|-{{TLS-RL|NoPL=2
|date = September (TBD)[14] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} Falcon 9 Block 5
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} Vandenberg SLC-4E
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} SpaceX
|remarks =
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|GER}} SARah 2[4]
|user = Bundeswehr
|orbit = Low Earth (SSO)
|function = Reconnaissance
|outcome =
|name = {{flagicon|GER}} SARah 3[4]
|user = Bundeswehr
|orbit = Low Earth (SSO)
|function = Reconnaissance
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = September (TBD)[6] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} Soyuz-2.1a
|site = {{flagicon|KAZ}} Baikonur Site 1/5
|LSP = {{flagicon|RUS}} Roscosmos
|remarks =
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} Soyuz MS-19
|user = Roscosmos
|orbit = Low Earth (ISS)
|function = Expedition 65/66
|outcome =
}}
|colspan=7 style="background:white;"| {{TLS-M|2021}}

October


|-{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = October (TBD)[18] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} Atlas V 401[5]
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} Cape Canaveral SLC-41
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} ULA
|remarks =
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} Lucy
|user = NASA
|orbit = Heliocentric
|function = Exploration of Jupiter trojans
|outcome =
}}
|colspan=7 style="background:white;"| {{TLS-M|2021}}

November


|-
|colspan=7 style="background:white;"| {{TLS-M|2021}}

December


|-{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = December (TBD)[6]
|time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|IND}} GSLV MkIII
|site = {{flagicon|IND}} SDSC
|LSP = {{flagicon|IND}} Indian Space Research Organisation
|remarks = India's first crewed flight
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name= {{flagicon|IND}} Gaganyaan 3
|user = ISRO
|orbit = LEO
|function= Manned Spaceflight
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = December (TBD)[7]
|time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|EUR}} Vega-C
|site = {{flagicon|FRA}} Kourou ELV
|LSP = {{flagicon|FRA}} Arianespace
|remarks =
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name= {{flagicon|KOR}} KOMPSat 7 (Arirang 7)
|user = KARI
|orbit = LEO
|function= Earth observation
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = Q4 (TBD) |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|EUR}} Ariane 5 ECA
|site = {{flagicon|FRA}} Kourou ELA-3
|LSP = {{flagicon|FRA}} Arianespace
|remarks =
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|EUR}} MTG-I1
|user = EUMETSAT
|orbit = Geosynchronous
|function = Meteorology
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = Q4 (TBD)[8]
|time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|EUR}} Vega-C
|site = {{flagicon|FRA}} Kourou ELV
|LSP = {{flagicon|FRA}} Arianespace
|remarks =
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name= {{flagicon|EUR}} Space Rider
|user = ESA
|orbit = LEO
|function= Test flight
|outcome =
}}
|colspan=7 style="background:white;"| {{TLS-M|2021}}

To be determined


|-{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = 2021 (TBD)[9] |time =
|rocket = {{abbr|TBA|To be announced}}
|site = {{flagicon|KAZ}} Baikonur
|LSP = {{flagicon|RUS}} Roscosmos
|remarks = Replacement for AngoSat 1 which failed shortly after launch in 2017.[10]
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|ANG}} AngoSat 2
|user = Republic of Angola
|orbit = Geosynchronous
|function = Communications
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = 2021 (TBD)[11] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} Angara 1.2
|site = {{flagicon|RUS}} Plesetsk Site 35/1
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} / {{flagicon|RUS}} ILS
|remarks =
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|KOR}} KOMPSat 6 (Arirang 6)
|user = KARI
|orbit = Low Earth
|function = Earth observation
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=3
|date = 2021 (TBD)[12] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} Angara 1.2
|site = {{flagicon|RUS}} Plesetsk
|LSP = {{flagicon|RUS}} Roscosmos
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} Gonets-M 23
|user = Gonets Satellite System
|orbit = Low Earth
|function = Communications
|outcome =
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} Gonets-M 24
|user = Gonets Satellite System
|orbit = Low Earth
|function = Communications
|outcome =
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} Gonets-M 25
|user = Gonets Satellite System
|orbit = Low Earth
|function = Communications
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = 2021 (TBD)[13] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|FRA}} Ariane 6
|site = {{flagicon|FRA}} Kourou
|LSP = {{flagicon|FRA}} Arianespace
|remarks =
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|FRA}} CSO 3
|user = French Armed Forces
|orbit = Low Earth
|function = Reconnaissance
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = 2021 (TBD)[14] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} Atlas V N22
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} Cape Canaveral SLC-41
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} ULA
|remarks = Second operational mission of the CST-100 Starliner capsule as part of ISS Crew Transportation Services program.
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|USA}} Starliner CTS-2 / USCV 4
|user = Boeing / NASA
|orbit = Low Earth (ISS)
|function = ISS crew transport
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = 2021 (TBD)[30] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|CHN}} Long March 5
|site = {{flagicon|CHN}} Wenchang LC-1
|LSP = {{flagicon|CHN}} CASC
|remarks = Mengtian is the second laboratory module of the Chinese Space Station.
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|CHN}} Mengtian
|user = CNSA
|orbit = Low Earth
|function = Space station assembly
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = 2021 (TBD)[2]
|time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|USA}} New Glenn
|site = {{flagicon|USA}} Cape Canaveral LC-36
|LSP = {{flagicon|USA}} Blue Origin
|remarks = Maiden flight of Blue Origin's New Glenn rocket.
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = TBA
|user =
|orbit =
|function =
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = 2021 (TBD)[14] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} Proton-M / DM-03
|site = {{flagicon|KAZ}} Baikonur
|LSP = {{flagicon|RUS}} Roscosmos
|remarks =
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} Elektro-L N4
|user = Roscosmos
|orbit = Geosynchronous
|function = Meteorology
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = 2021 (TBD)[6] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} Proton-M P4
|site = {{flagicon|KAZ}} Baikonur
|LSP = {{flagicon|RUS}} Roscosmos
|remarks = NEM-1 and NEM-2 are scientific and power modules (SPM) for the International Space Station.
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} NEM-1 (SPM)
|user = Roscosmos
|orbit = Low Earth (ISS)
|function = ISS assembly
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = 2021 (TBD)[6] |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} Soyuz-2.1b / Fregat-M
|site = {{flagicon|RUS}} Vostochny Site 1S[15]
|LSP = {{flagicon|RUS}} Roscosmos
|remarks =
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|RUS}} Arktika-M N2[16]
|user = Roscosmos
|orbit = Molniya
|function = Earth observation
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = 2021 (TBD) |time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|RUS}} Soyuz ST-B / Fregat-MT
|site = {{flagicon|FRA}} Kourou ELS
|LSP = {{flagicon|FRA}} Arianespace
|remarks =
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name = {{flagicon|EUR}} {{flagicon|JPN}} EarthCARE
|user = ESA / JAXA
|orbit = Low Earth (SSO)
|function = Climate science
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = 2021 (TBD)[17]
|time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|EUR}} Vega[18]
|site = {{flagicon|FRA}} Kourou ELV
|LSP = {{flagicon|FRA}} Arianespace
|remarks =
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name= {{flagicon|FRA}} CERES
|user = French Armed Forces
|orbit = LEO
|function= SIGINT
|outcome =
}}{{TLS-RL|NoPL=1
|date = 2021 (TBD)[19]
|time =
|rocket = {{flagicon|EUR}} Vega or Vega-C
|site = {{flagicon|FRA}} Kourou ELV
|LSP = {{flagicon|FRA}} Arianespace
|remarks =
|payload = {{TLS-PL
|name= {{flagicon|THA}} THEOS-2
|user = GISTDA
|orbit = LEO
|function= Earth observation
|outcome =
}}
|} {{TLS-M|2021}}

Suborbital flights

{{TLS-H2|collapsed}}
|}

Deep-space rendezvous

Date (UTC) Spacecraft Event Remarks
17 January Parker Solar Probe 7th perihelion
20 February Parker Solar Probe Fourth gravity assist at Venus
21 February Juno 32nd perijove of Jupiter
March OSIRIS-REx Departure from asteroid Bennu
15 April Juno 33rd perijove
29 April Parker Solar Probe 8th perihelion
7 June Juno 34th perijove
30 July Juno End of mission Intentional destructive entry into Jupiter's atmosphere
9 August Parker Solar Probe 9th perihelion
11 August BepiColombo Second gravity assist at Venus
2 October BepiColombo First gravity assist at Mercury
16 October Parker Solar Probe Fifth gravity assist at Venus
21 November Parker Solar Probe 10th perihelion

Extravehicular activities (EVAs)

Start Date/TimeDurationEnd TimeSpacecraftCrewRemarks

Orbital launch statistics

{{hidden begin}}

By country

For the purposes of this section, the yearly tally of orbital launches by country assigns each flight to the country of origin of the rocket, not to the launch services provider or the spaceport. For example, Soyuz launches by Arianespace in Kourou are counted under Russia because Soyuz-2 is a Russian rocket.

Country Launches Successes Failures Partial
failures		 Remarks

{{clear}}

By rocket

By family

Family Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks
Angara {{RUS}} 0 0 0 0
Ariane Europe}} 0 0 0 0
Atlas {{USA}} 0 0 0 0
Delta {{USA}} 0 0 0 0
Energia {{UKR}} / {{RUS}} 0 0 0 0 Includes Zenit
Falcon {{USA}} 0 0 0 0
H-II {{JPN}} 0 0 0 0
Kuaizhou {{PRC}} 0 0 0 0
Long March {{PRC}} 0 0 0 0
R-7 {{RUS}} 0 0 0 0
R-36 {{UKR}} 0 0 0 0
Safir {{IRN}} 0 0 0 0
SLV {{IND}} 0 0 0 0
Shavit {{ISR}} 0 0 0 0
Universal Rocket {{RUS}} 0 0 0 0
Vega Europe}} 0 0 0 0 -->

By type

Rocket Country Family Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks
Angara A5 {{RUS}} Angara 0 0 0 0
Ariane 5 Europe}} Ariane 0 0 0 0
Atlas V {{USA}} Atlas 0 0 0 0
Delta II {{USA}} Delta 0 0 0 0
Delta IV {{USA}} Delta 0 0 0 0
Dnepr {{UKR}} R-36 0 0 0 0
Falcon 9 {{USA}} Falcon 0 0 0 0
GSLV {{IND}} SLV 0 0 0 0
Kuaizhou {{PRC}} Kuaizhou 0 0 0 0
PSLV {{IND}} SLV 0 0 0 0
H-IIA {{JPN}} H-II 0 0 0 0
Long March 2 {{PRC}} Long March 0 0 0 0
Long March 3 {{PRC}} Long March 0 0 0 0
Long March 4 {{PRC}} Long March 0 0 0 0
Proton {{RUS}} Universal Rocket 0 0 0 0
Safir {{IRN}} Safir 0 0 0 0
Shavit {{ISR}} Shavit 0 0 0 0
Soyuz {{RUS}} R-7 0 0 0 0
UR-100 {{RUS}} Universal Rocket 0 0 0 0
Vega Europe}} Vega 0 0 0 0 -->

By configuration

Rocket Country Type Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks
Ariane 5 ECA Europe}} Ariane 5 0 0 0 0
Atlas V 421 {{USA}} Atlas V 0 0 0 0
Atlas V 551 {{USA}} Atlas V 0 0 0 0
Delta II 7320 {{USA}} Delta II 0 0 0 0
Delta IV Medium+ (4,2) {{USA}} Delta IV 0 0 0 0
Dnepr-1 {{UKR}} R-36 0 0 0 0
Falcon 9 v1.1 {{USA}} Falcon 9 0 0 0 0
H-IIA 202 {{JPN}} H-II 0 0 0 0
Long March 3C/YZ-1 {{PRC}} Long March 3 0 0 0 0
Proton-M/Briz-M {{RUS}} Proton 0 0 0 0
PSLV XL {{IND}} PSLV 0 0 0 0
Rokot/Briz-KM {{RUS}} UR-100 0 0 0 0
Safir-1B {{IRN}} Safir 0 0 0 0
Soyuz-2.1a {{RUS}} Soyuz 0 0 0 0
Soyuz-2.1b/Fregat {{RUS}} Soyuz 0 0 0 0
Soyuz-FG {{RUS}} Soyuz 0 0 0 0
Soyuz-U {{RUS}} Soyuz 0 0 0 0
Vega Europe}} Vega 0 0 0 0 -->

By spaceport

Site Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks
Baikonur {{KAZ}} 0 0 0 0
Cape Canaveral {{USA}} 0 0 0 0
Dombarovsky {{RUS}} 0 0 0 0
Jiuquan {{CHN}} 0 0 0 0
Kennedy {{USA}} 0 0 0 0
Kourou {{FRA}} 0 0 0 0
Mahia {{NZL}} 0 0 0 0
MARS {{USA}} 0 0 0 0
Palmachim {{ISR}} 0 0 0 0
Plesetsk {{RUS}} 0 0 0 0
Satish Dhawan {{IND}} 0 0 0 0
Semnan {{IRN}} 0 0 0 0
Sohae {{PRK}} 0 0 0 0
Taiyuan {{CHN}} 0 0 0 0
Tanegashima {{JPN}} 0 0 0 0
Uchinoura {{JPN}} 0 0 0 0
Vandenberg {{USA}} 0 0 0 0
Vostochny {{RUS}} 0 0 0 0
Wenchang {{CHN}} 0 0 0 0
Xichang {{CHN}} 0 0 0 0 -->

By orbit

Orbital regime Launches Achieved Not achieved Accidentally
achieved		 Remarks
Transatmospheric 0 0 0 0
Low Earth 0 0 0 0
Geosynchronous / transfer 0 0 0 0
Medium Earth 0 0 0 0
High Earth 0 0 0 0
Heliocentric orbit 0 0 0 0 Including planetary transfer orbits
{{hidden end}}

Notes

{{notelist}}

References

1. ^1 2 {{cite news |url=https://spacenews.com/ula-now-planning-first-launch-of-vulcan-in-2021/ |title=ULA now planning first launch of Vulcan in 2021 |work=SpaceNews |first=Jeff |last=Foust |date=25 October 2018 |access-date=25 October 2018}}
2. ^1 {{cite web |url=https://www.geekwire.com/2018/blue-origin-resets-schedule-first-crew-space-2019-first-orbital-launch-2021/ |title=Blue Origin resets schedule: First crew to space in 2019, first orbital launch in 2021 |publisher=Geekwire |date=10 October 2018 |access-date=9 November 2018}}
3. ^{{cite news |url=https://riafan.ru/1103491-angara-a5-vyvedet-na-orbitu-novye-sputniki-retranslyatory-luch-5m |title=«Ангара-А5» выведет на орбиту новые спутники-ретрансляторы «Луч-5М» |language=ru |trans-title=New communication relay satellites Luch-5M will be launched on board of Angara-A5 rocket}}
4. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/falcon-9.htm |title=Falcon-9 |work=Gunter's Space Page |first=Gunter |last=Krebs |access-date=4 August 2017}}
5. ^1 {{cite news |url=https://spaceflightnow.com/2019/02/01/ula-wins-contract-to-launch-nasas-lucy-mission-to-visit-unexplored-asteroids/ |title=ULA wins contract to launch NASA’s Lucy mission to visit unexplored asteroids |work=Spaceflight Now |first=Stephen |last=Clark |date=1 February 2019 |access-date=5 February 2019}}
6. ^{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/union-cabinet-clears-rs-10000cr-for-indias-gaganyaan-project/articleshow/67288124.cms|title=Rs 10,000 crore plan to send 3 Indians to space by 2022 - Times of India |website=The Times of India|access-date=2018-12-29}}
7. ^ {{cite web |url=https://spacenews.com/arianespace-signs-fifth-vega-c-contract/ |title=Arianespace signs fifth Vega C contract |publisher=SpaceNews |date=20 September 2018 |access-date=5 February 2019}}
8. ^ {{cite web |url=https://esamultimedia.esa.int/docs/space_transportation/Space_Rider_factsheet_HiRes_ok.pdf |title=SPACE RIDER |format=PDF |publisher=ESA |access-date=2018-11-16}}
9. ^{{cite news |url=https://africanews.space/angola-will-have-more-satellites-in-orbit-in-several-areas-of-knowledge/ |title=Angola will have more satellites in orbit in several areas of knowledge |work=Space in Africa |date=16 February 2019 |access-date=6 March 2019}}
10. ^{{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/angosat-1.htm |title=AngoSat 1 |work=Gunter's Space Page |first=Gunter |last=Krebs |access-date=1 May 2017}}
11. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/3917117 |title=«Нельзя брать контракт, а потом думать, как же его выполнить» |language=ru |trans-title=You can't sign a contract and then think how to do it |work=Kommersant |date=21 March 2019 ||access-date=21 March 2019}}
12. ^{{cite web |url=https://ria.ru/20190213/1550786125.html |language=ru |title=Источник сообщил о планируемом запуске спутников "Гонец-М" ракетой "Рокот" |trans-title=Source informed about planned launch of Gonets satellites on Rokot |agency=RIA Novosti |date=13 February 2019 |access-date=14 February 2019}}
13. ^{{cite news |url=http://fly-news.es/espacio/defensa-ultima-la-adhesion-espana-al-programa-frances-satelites-espia-cso/ |title=Defensa última la adhesión de España al programa francés de satélites espía CSO |language=es |trans-title=Spanish Defense Forces to join French CSO spy satellite program |publisher=Fly News |date=20 September 2018 |access-date=15 October 2018}}
14. ^{{cite news |url=https://ria.ru/science/20171227/1511790706.html |title=Роскосмос заказывает изготовление двух спутников "Электро-Л" |language=ru |trans-title=Roscosmos orders production of two Elektro-L satellites |publisher=RIA Novosti |date=27 December 2017 |access-date=25 October 2018}}
15. ^{{cite news |url=https://zen.yandex.ru/media/id/5b23ef725a1a0800a853fd75/priehali-roskosmos-sobralsia-stroit-esce-odin-kosmodrom-5b99312467918d00aa70dbd2 |title=Приехали!!! "Роскосмос" собрался строить ещё один космодром... |language=ru |trans-title=It came to this!!! Roscosmos wants to build another cosmodrome... |author=SLP studio |via=Yandex Zen |date=12 September 2018 |access-date=2 January 2019}}
16. ^{{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/arktika-m.htm |title= Arktika-M 1, 2 |work=Gunter's Space Page |first=Gunter |last=Krebs |access-date=18 August 2017}}
17. ^{{cite web |url=https://ceres.cnes.fr/en/ceres-2 |title=CERES |publisher=CNES |access-date=9 March 2019}}
18. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.arianespace.com/press-release/arianespace-to-launch-ceres-intelligence-satellites-for-cnes-and-dga/ |title=Arianespace to launch CERES intelligence satellites for CNES and DGA |publisher=Arianespace |date=5 January 2016 |access-date=9 March 2019}}
19. ^ {{cite web |url=http://www.arianespace.com/press-release/with-its-vega-vega-c-launcher-arianespace-to-orbit-theos-2-for-airbus-defence-and-space-in-the-framework-of-a-turnkey-contract-with-thailands-gistda/ |title=With its Vega/Vega C launcher, Arianespace to orbit THEOS-2 for Airbus Defence and Space in the framework of a turnkey contract with Thailand’s GISTDA |publisher=Arianespace |date=12 September 2018|access-date=5 February 2019}}
20. ^1 {{cite web |title=Chinese Launch Manifest |url=http://www.sworld.com.au/steven/space/china-man.txt |first=Steven |last=Pietrobon |date=3 August 2017 |access-date=3 August 2017}}
21. ^{{cite web |url=https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/p/prisma-hyperspectral |title=PRISMA (Hyperspectral Precursor and Application Mission) |work=Earth Observation Portal |publisher=ESA |access-date=13 January 2017}}
22. ^{{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/atlas-5.htm |title=Atlas-5 |work=Gunter's Space Page |first=Gunter |last=Krebs |access-date=3 August 2017}}
23. ^{{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_det/ariane-5eca.htm |title=Ariane-5ECA |work=Gunter's Space Page |first=Gunter |last=Krebs |access-date=12 October 2017}}
24. ^{{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau/h-2a.htm |title=H-2A |work=Gunter's Space Page |first=Gunter |last=Krebs |access-date=4 August 2017}}
25. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/luna-glob.htm |title=Luna-Glob (Luna 25) |work=Gunter's Space Page |first=Gunter |last=Krebs |access-date=3 August 2017}}
26. ^{{cite web |url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sat/nrol.htm |title=NROL launches |work=Gunter's Space Page |first=Gunter |last=Krebs |access-date=3 August 2017}}
27. ^{{cite web |title=Indian Launch Manifest |url=http://www.sworld.com.au/steven/space/india-man.txt |first=Steven |last=Pietrobon |date=20 June 2018 |access-date=22 June 2018}}
28. ^1 2 {{cite tweet |author-link=Jim Bridenstine |user=JimBridenstine |number=1012008010150006786 |title=The James Webb Space Telescope will produce first of its kind, world-class science. Based on recommendations by an Independent Review Board, the new launch date for @NASAWebb is March 30, 2021. I'm looking forward to the launch of this historic mission. |date=27 June 2018 |access-date=27 June 2018}}
29. ^{{cite report |author=NASA Office of Inspector General |date=28 June 2016 |title=NASA’s Response to SpaceX’s June 2015 Launch Failure: Impacts on Commercial Resupply of the International Space Station |url=https://oig.nasa.gov/audits/reports/FY16/IG-16-025.pdf |publisher=NASA Office of Inspector General |format=PDF |issue=Report No. IG-16-025 |page=13 |access-date=18 July 2016-07}}
30. ^{{cite news |date=27 August 2017 |title=小型ロケット「イプシロン」、政府が19年度の打ち上げ１機中止|url=https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXLZO20437460X20C17A8TJM000/ |language=Japanese |newspaper=Nikkei |accessdate=4 October 2017}}
31. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web |title=Russian Launch Manifest |url=http://www.sworld.com.au/steven/space/russia-man.txt |first=Steven |last=Pietrobon |date=11 July 2018 |access-date=11 July 2018}}
32. ^1 {{cite web |url=http://www.russianspaceweb.com/spektr_uf.html |title=Russian ultraviolet astronomy's long road to space |work=Russian Space Web |first=Anatoly |last=Zak |access-date=24 April 2018}}
33. ^{{cite web |url=http://spaceflight101.com/calendar/ |title=Spaceflight 101 Launch Calendar |work=Spaceflight 101 |date=29 July 2017 |access-date=3 August 2017}}
34. ^{{cite web |url=http://spaceflight101.com/iss/iss-calendar/ |title=International Space Station Calendar |work=Spaceflight 101 |date=29 July 2017 |access-date=3 August 2017}}
35. ^{{cite web |url=http://spaceflightnow.com/launch-schedule/ |title=Launch schedule |work=Spaceflight Now |last=Clark |first=Stephen |date=2 August 2017 |access-date=2 August 2017}}
36. ^1 {{Cite news |last1=Erwin |first1=Sandra |last2=Berger |first2=Brian |url=http://spacenews.com/orbital-atk-selects-aerojet-rocketdynes-rl10c-for-newly-christened-omega-rocket/ |title=Orbital ATK selects Aerojet Rocketdyne's RL10C for newly christened OmegA rocket |date=16 April 2018 |work=SpaceNews.com |access-date=18 April 2018 |language=en-US}}
37. ^1 2 {{cite web |title=United States Commercial ELV Launch Manifest |url=http://www.sworld.com.au/steven/space/uscom-man.txt |first=Steven |last=Pietrobon |date=2 March 2019 |access-date=2 March 2019}}
[20][25][28][31][32][36][37]
}}

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