| 词条 | 2022 Swedish general election | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|election_name = 2022 Swedish general election |country=Sweden |type=parliamentary |ongoing=yes |previous_election=2018 Swedish general election |previous_year=2018 |next_election= 2026 Swedish general election |next_year= 2026 |seats_for_election=All 349 seats to the Riksdag 175 seats are needed for a majority | opinion_polls = Opinion polling for the Swedish general election, 2022 |turnout= |election_date= No later than 11 September 2022 | image1 = | leader1 = Stefan Löfven | leader_since1 = 27 January 2012 | party1 = Swedish Social Democratic Party | alliance1 = Löfven Cabinet (Red-Greens) | leaders_seat1 = Västernorrland | last_election1 = 100 seats, 28.3% | seats_before1 = 100 | seats1 = | seat_change1 = | popular_vote1 = | percentage1 = | swing1 = | seats_needed1 = 75 | image2 = | leader2 = Ulf Kristersson | leader_since2 = 1 October 2017 | leaders_seat2 = Södermanland | party2 = Moderate Party | alliance2 = – | last_election2 = 70 seats, 19.8% | seats_before2 = 70 | seats2 = | seat_change2 = | popular_vote2 = | percentage2 = | swing2 = | seats_needed2 = 105 | image3 = | leader3 = Jimmie Åkesson | leader_since3 = 7 May 2005 | party3 = Sweden Democrats | alliance3 = – | last_election3 = 62 seats, 17.5% | leaders_seat3 = Jönköping | seats_before3 = 62 | seats3 = | seat_change3 = | popular_vote3 = | percentage3 = | swing3 = | seats_needed3 = 113 | image4 = | leader4 = Annie Lööf | leader_since4 = 23 September 2011 | leaders_seat4 = Jönköping | party4 = Centre Party (Sweden) | alliance4 = – | last_election4 = 31 seats, 8.6% | seats_before4 = 31 | seats4 = | seat_change4 = | popular_vote4 = | percentage4 = | swing4 = | seats_needed4 = 144 | image5 = | leader5 = Jonas Sjöstedt | party5 = Left Party (Sweden) | leader_since5 = 6 January 2012 | alliance5 = - | last_election5 = 28 seats, 8.0% | leaders_seat5 = Västerbotten | seats_before5 = 28 | seats5 = | seat_change5 = | popular_vote5 = | percentage5 = | swing5 = | seats_needed5 = 147 | image6 = | leader6 = Ebba Busch Thor | party6 = Christian Democrats (Sweden) | leader_since6 = 25 April 2015 | alliance6 = – | last_election6 = 22 seats, 6.3% | leaders_seat6 = Västra Götaland | seats_before6 = 22 | seats6 = | seat_change6 = | popular_vote6 = | percentage6 = | swing6 = | seats_needed6 = 153 | image7 = | leader7 = Jan Björklund (retiring) | leader_since7 = 7 September 2007 | party7 = Liberals (Sweden) | alliance7 = – | last_election7 = 20 seats, 5.5% | leaders_seat7 = Stockholm | seats_before7 = 20 | seat_change7 = | seats7 = | popular_vote7 = | percentage7 = | swing7 = | seats_needed7 = 155 | image8 = | leader8 = Isabella Lövin Gustav Fridolin (retiring) | leader_since8 = 13 May 2016 21 May 2011 | party8 = Green Party (Sweden) | alliance8 = Löfven Cabinet (Red-Greens) | last_election8 = 16 seats, 4.4% | leaders_seat8 = Stockholm — | seats_before8 = 16 | seats8 = | seat_change8 = | popular_vote8 = | percentage8 = | swing8 = | seats_needed8 = 159 | map_image = Swedish_Election_Map_Blank.svg | map_size = 400px | map_caption = Largest party by district (left) and municipality (right) | title = Prime Minister | posttitle = | before_election = Stefan Löfven | before_party = Swedish Social Democratic Party | after_election = | after_party = }} General elections will be held in Sweden on 11 September 2022[1] to elect the 349 members of the Riksdag.[2] They in turn will elect the Prime Minister of Sweden.{{efn|see also Basic Laws of Sweden#Instrument of Government}} regional and municipal elections will also be held on the same day. Contesting partiesParliamentary partiesThe Social Democratic Party (S; Socialdemokraterna) is the largest political party in the Swedish Riksdag, with 100 of the 349 seats. It is the dominant party in the incumbent Löfven Cabinet, ruling in coalition with the Green Party. Its current leader Stefan Löfven has been Prime Minister of Sweden since 3 October 2014, and has stated that he will seek parliamentary support to continue his Löfven Cabinet. After the 2018 election, Löfven lost a vote of no confidence in the Riksdag and as a result the party's future role in government is uncertain. The Moderate Party (M; Moderaterna) is the second-largest party in the Riksdag with 70 seats. It was the largest governing party under Prime Minister Fredrik Reinfeldt from 2006 to 2014. The party is the leading member of the Alliance. Kristersson was tasked to probe his own ability to form a government by speaker Andreas Norlén after the Löfven cabinet lost a vote of no confidence after the 2018 election, but failed to form one after two Alliance partners, the Centre and the Liberals, rejected him as prime minister. The Sweden Democrats (SD; Sverigedemokraterna) is the third-largest party in the Riksdag with 63 seats. All other parties represented in the Riksdag have repeatedly stated that they will not cooperate with the Sweden Democrats. The Sweden Democrats voted with the Alliance parties to force a motion of no confidence against Prime Minister Löfven after the 2018 election, but supported Kristersson as Prime Minister in the following vote, urging fellow parties to form a "Conservative bloc" together with the Moderates and Christian Democrats. The Centre Party (C; Centerpartiet) is the fourth-largest party in the Riksdag with 31 seats. It was represented in the Reinfeldt cabinet from 2006 to 2014, and is a member party of the Alliance. The Centre Party has been led by Annie Lööf since 2011. Prime Minister Löfven has repeatedly attempted to win the parliamentary support of the Centre Party, but the party traditionally leans towards the Moderate policy positions and stayed within the Alliance after the 2014 election. Following the 2018 election, the Centre Party has indicated that it may support the reinstatement of Löfven as prime minister, subject to concessions in certain political areas. The Left Party (V; Vänsterpartiet) is the fifth-largest party in the Riksdag with 28 seats. Its current leader is Jonas Sjöstedt. The Left Party has traditionally supported all Social Democratic governments in parliament, but has never been part of the ruling coalition. The Christian Democrats (KD; Kristdemokraterna) is the sixth-largest party in the Riksdag with 22 seats. It has been led by Ebba Busch Thor since 2015. It is a member of the Alliance. Despite polling steadily below the 4% threshold for parliamentary representation during most of the interim between the elections, the party saw a resurgence in support immediately prior to the election, guaranteeing its representation in the Riksdag (which was seen as essential in order for the Alliance to be able to form a government). The Liberals (L; Liberalerna) is the seventh-largest party in the Riksdag with 19 seats. It was represented in the Reinfeldt cabinet from 2006 to 2014, and is a member of the Alliance. The Liberals have been led by Jan Björklund since 2007; his leadership is being increasingly criticized within the party. After the 2018 election, the Liberals have indicated that they may support the reinstatement of Löfven as prime minister, subject to concessions in certain political areas. The Green Party (MP; Miljöpartiet) is the eighth-largest party in the Riksdag with 16 seats. The Green Party is the minor partner of the Löfven Cabinet, alongside the Social Democrats. It is the only Swedish party to have two spokespersons, currently Gustav Fridolin (since 2011) who serves as Minister for Education, and Isabella Lövin (since 2016) who serves as Minister for International Development Cooperation. The Green Party along with the rest of the Löfven cabinet lost a vote of no-confidence in the Riksdag after the election. The Green Party has traditionally supported social democratic governments. Minor partiesParties with less than 4% of the vote are not represented in the Riksdag. Feminist Initiative (FI; Feministiskt Initiativ) led by former Left Party leader Gudrun Schyman, is the country's ninth-largest party, and is represented in the European Parliament following the 2014 European election. The party received 0.46% of the vote in the 2018 election, down from 3.12% in the previous election 2014. The Alternative for Sweden (Alternativ för Sverige), led by Gustav Kasselstrand, is the country's tenth-largest party. It was formed by members expelled from the Sweden Democrats after they cut ties with their former youth organization. The party was represented in the 2014-2018 Riksdag by a number of defectors who had originally been elected as Sweden Democrats, but the party failed to achieve representation after the 2018 election, receiving 0.31% of the vote. Electoral systemThe Swedish Riksdag is made up of 349 MPs, and all are elected through open list proportional representation on multi-member party lists that are either regional (most major parties) or national (Sweden Democrats). Each of the 29 constituencies has a set number of parliamentarians that is divided through constituency results to ensure regional representation. The other MPs are then elected through a proportional balancing, to ensure that the numbers of elected MPs for the various parties accurately represent the votes of the electorate. The Swedish constitution (Regeringsformen) 1 Ch. 4 § says that the Riksdag is responsible for taxation and making laws, and 1 Ch. 6 § says that the government is held responsible to the Riksdag. This means that Sweden has parliamentarism in a constitutional monarchy—ensuring that the government is responsible to the people's representatives. A minimum of 4% of the national vote is required for a party to enter the Riksdag, alternatively 12% or more within a constituency. Would the latter occur, the party only gains representation within that constituency's seat share. Vote secrecy and party-specific ballotsIn Swedish elections, the voters may choose one or several party-specific ballot in the open and only then go cross the ballot they chose in the voting booth. Two election observers of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) present at the 2018 general election criticized this system, saying that this can endanger ballot secrecy and that they will look into the issue in the report that will be published in 8 weeks time.[3] Election officials are responsible for party-specific ballot papers being present in the voting places for parties that have obtained more than one percent of the votes in the previous parliamentary election.[4] A voter may write in the party name of choice on a blank ballot paper to cast a vote if there is no access to the wanted party-specific ballot paper.[5] PartiesThe table below lists parties currently represented in the Riksdag.
Opinion polls{{main|Opinion polling for the Swedish general election, 2022}}See also
Notes{{notelist}}1. ^In accordance with the swedish electoral law, a snap election occurring in the interim would not result in a rescheduling of the 2022 scheduled general election. 2. ^{{Cite web |url=https://www.val.se/servicelankar/other-languages/english-engelska/the-swedish-electoral-system.html |title=The Swedish electoral system |website=www.val.se |language=en |access-date=2018-09-13}} 3. ^{{cite news |last=Bolling |first=Anders |date=9 September 2018 |title=Utländska observatörer granskar valsedlar som ligger öppet |url=https://www.dn.se/nyheter/politik/utlandska-observatorer-granskar-valsedlar-som-ligger-oppet/ |work=Dagens Nyheter |language=Swedish |access-date=10 September 2018}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.val.se/servicelankar/other-languages/english-engelska/putting-out-ballot-papers.html |title=Putting out ballot papers |date=20 April 2018 |publisher=Valmyndigheten |access-date=10 September 2018}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.val.se/servicelankar/other-languages/english-engelska/ballot-papers.html |title=Ballot papers |date=17 August 2018 |publisher=Valmyndigheten |access-date=10 September 2018}} References{{reflist}}{{Swedish elections}} 4 : General elections in Sweden|2022 elections in Europe|September 2022 events|2022 in Sweden |
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