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词条 203mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892
释义

  1. History

  2. Naval Use

  3. Ammunition

  4. Photo gallery

  5. References

  6. Notes

  7. External links

{{Infobox weapon
|name=203mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892
| image=Rossiya1895-1922maingun.jpg
| image_size = 300
|caption=Aft sponson 203mm gun aboard the cruiser Rossia
|origin=Russian Empire
|type=Naval gun
Coastal artillery
|is_ranged=yes
|is_bladed=
|is_explosive=yes
|is_artillery=yes
|is_vehicle=
|is_UK=
|service=1895-1920's
|used_by=Russian Empire
|wars=Russo-Japanese War
World War I
Russian Civil War
|designer=
|design_date=1892
|manufacturer=
|production_date=1895
|number=
|variants=
|weight={{convert|12.1|t|ST|sp=us|abbr=on}}
|length={{convert|9.1|m|ftin|sp=us|abbr=on}}
|part_length={{convert|7.5|m|ftin|sp=us|abbr=on}}
|width=
|height=
|crew=
|cartridge=Separate loading bagged charge and projectile
|cartridge_weight={{convert|87.8|kg|lb|sp=us|abbr=on}}
|caliber={{convert|203|mm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} 45 caliber
|action=
|rate=
|velocity={{convert|744-899|m/s|ft/s|sp=us|abbr=on}}
|range=
|max_range={{convert|16|km|mi|sp=us|abbr=on}} at +18°[1]
|breech=
|recoil=
|carriage=
|elevation=-5° to +18°
|traverse=-135° to +135°
}}

The 203mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892 was a Russian naval gun developed in the years before the Russo-Japanese War that armed a variety of warships of the Imperial Russian Navy during the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. Guns salvaged from scrapped ships found a second life as coastal artillery. It is believed none were in service during World War II.[1]

History

The 203mm 45 caliber was designed in 1892 and soon went into production. The initial order was for twenty guns and by May 1901 thirteen had been completed. Production was restarted in 1915 to replace worn out guns and nine more were delivered. A follow up order for seventeen to be completed in 1917-18 was placed, but not completed due to the October Revolution of 1917. In addition to the guns used aboard ships eight were installed in two coastal artillery batteries of four guns each on the islands of Nargen and Mäkiluoto.[2]

Naval Use

The 203mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892 guns armed armored cruisers, gunboats and pre-dreadnought battleships of the Imperial Russian Navy built or refit between 1892-1916.[2]

Armored Cruisers
  • Bayan-class - This class of four ships primary armament consisted of two, 203mm 45 caliber guns, in single turrets fore and aft.[3]
  • Rurik-class - The primary armament of Gromoboi consisted of four, 203mm 45 caliber guns, in single mounts. Two were in casemates fore and two casemates aft for Gromoboi. The primary armament of Rossia consisted of four, 203mm 45 caliber guns, in single mounts. Two were in casemates fore and two were on sponsons aft for Rossia.[4][5]
Gunboats
  • Khrabryy - The primary armament of this ship consisted of two, shielded, single mount, 203mm 45 caliber guns, in forward sponsons.[6]
Pre-dreadnought Battleships
  • Imperator Aleksandr II - This ships secondary armament consisted of five, 203mm 45 caliber guns, in single mounts, after a 1904 refit.[7]

Ammunition

Ammunition was of separate loading type with a bagged charge and projectile. The charge weighed {{convert|29-32|kg|lb|sp=us|abbr=on}}.

The gun was able to fire:

  • Armor Piercing - {{convert|87.8|kg|lb|sp=us|abbr=on}}
  • Common - {{convert|106.9|kg|lb|sp=us|abbr=on}}
  • High Explosive - {{convert|87.8|kg|lb|sp=us|abbr=on}}
  • SAP - {{convert|106.9|kg|lb|sp=us|abbr=on}}
  • Shrapnel - {{convert|116.8|kg|lb|sp=us|abbr=on}}[2]

Photo gallery

References

  • {{cite book|title=Naval Weapons of World War One|last=Friedman|first=Norman|publisher=Seaforth|year=2011|isbn=978-1-84832-100-7|location=Barnsley, South Yorkshire, UK}}

Notes

1. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNRussian_8-45_m1892.php|title=Russia / USSR 8"/45 (20.3 cm) Pattern 1892 - NavWeaps|last=DiGiulian|first=Tony|website=www.navweaps.com|language=en|access-date=2017-04-09}}
2. ^1 2 3 {{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/786178793|title=Naval weapons of World War One|last=Friedman|first=Norman|date=2011-01-01|publisher=Seaforth|year=|isbn=9781848321007|location=|pages=|oclc=786178793}}
3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_cr_bayan.htm|title=Баян armoured cruisers (1902 - 1911) - Imperial Russian Navy / Soviet Navy (Russia / USSR)|last=|first=|date=|website=www.navypedia.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-04-09}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_cr_gromoboy.htm|title=Громобой armoured cruiser (1899) - Imperial Russian Navy / Soviet Navy (Russia / USSR)|last=|first=|date=|website=www.navypedia.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-04-09}}
5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_cr_rossiya.htm|title=Россия armoured cruiser (1897) - Imperial Russian Navy / Soviet Navy (Russia / USSR)|last=|first=|date=|website=www.navypedia.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-04-09}}
6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_of_khrabryy.htm|title=Храбрый gunboat (1897) - Imperial Russian Navy / Soviet Navy (Russia / USSR)|last=|first=|date=|website=www.navypedia.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-04-09}}
7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_bb_imerator_alexandr_ii.htm|title=Император Александр II battleships (1890 - 1891) - Imperial Russian Navy / Soviet Navy (Russia / USSR)|last=|first=|date=|website=www.navypedia.org|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2017-04-09}}

External links

  • http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNRussian_8-45_m1892.php
  • http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_of_khrabryy.htm
  • http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_cr_bayan.htm
  • http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_cr_gromoboy.htm
  • http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_cr_rossiya.htm
  • http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_bb_imerator_alexandr_ii.htm
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}{{DEFAULTSORT:203mm 45 caliber Pattern 1892}}

5 : Naval guns of Russia|Artillery of the Soviet Union|Coastal artillery|203 mm artillery|Obukhov State Plant products
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