| 词条 | 203 mm 50 caliber Pattern 1905 | ||||
| 释义 |
|name=Vickers 203 mm 50 caliber Pattern 1905 |image=Suomenlinna gun 1.jpg |image_size=300px |caption=A Pattern 1905 gun in Suomenlinna fortress, Helsinki. Manufactured by the Obukhov factory in 1909. |origin=Great Britain |type=Naval gun Coastal artillery Railway artillery |is_ranged=yes |is_bladed= |is_explosive=yes |is_artillery=yes |is_vehicle= |is_UK=yes |service=1905-1970 |used_by=Russian Empire Soviet Union |wars=World War I Russian Civil War Winter War World War II |designer=Vickers |design_date=1905 |manufacturer=Obukhov State Plant |production_date=1905 |number= |variants= |weight={{convert|14.4|t|ST|sp=us|abbr=on}} |length={{convert|10.16|m|ftin|sp=us|abbr=on}} 50 caliber |part_length={{convert|9.95|m|ftin|sp=us|abbr=on}} |width= |height= |crew= |cartridge=Separate loading bagged charge and projectile |cartridge_weight={{convert|112-139|kg|lb|sp=us|abbr=on}} |caliber={{convert|203|mm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} |action= |rate=3-4 rpm |velocity={{convert|792|m/s|ft/s|sp=us|abbr=on}} |range= |max_range={{convert|15.7|km|mi|sp=us|abbr=on}} at +25°[1] |breech=Welin breech block |recoil= |carriage= |elevation=Casemates: -5° to +25° Turrets: -5° to +25° Open mounts: -5° to +30°[2] |traverse= }} The 203 mm 50 caliber Pattern 1905 was a Russian naval gun developed by Vickers for export in the years before World War I that armed a variety of warships of the Imperial Russian Navy. Guns salvaged from scrapped ships found a second life as coastal artillery, railway artillery and aboard river monitors during the Russian Civil War. By 1941 it was estimated there were 36 coastal defense guns and two railroad mounts remaining.[1] During the 1930s a number were relined down to {{convert|180|mm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} and re-designated the 180mm Pattern 1931-1933. These guns were used aboard Kirov-class cruisers or as coastal artillery and railway artillery.[2] HistoryThe Pattern 1905 began life as a Vickers design for export customers called the Mk B and Mk C. These guns did not serve aboard ships of the Royal Navy because they had standardized on {{convert|7.5|in|mm|sp=us|abbr=on}} guns. The Pattern 1905 was also produced under license at the Obukhov State Plant in St. Petersburg, Russia. ConstructionThe Pattern 1905 was similar in construction to the Vickers {{convert|10|in|mm|abbr=on|sp=us}} 50 caliber guns produced by Vickers for the Imperial Russian Navy. The Pattern 1905 was a built-up gun which consisted of an A tube, two layers of reinforcing tubes and a Welin breech block. The initial order for eight Vickers Mk B guns served aboard the Russian cruiser Rurik in four twin turrets. Later another thirty-four Mk C guns were ordered from Vickers in 1914. A further nineteen were produced by Obhukov in 1914 to replace worn barrels with only minor differences between the series.[2] Naval UseThe 203mm 50 caliber Pattern 1905 guns armed armored cruisers, river monitors and pre-dreadnought battleships of the Imperial Russian Navy and Soviet Navy built or refit between 1905-1930. Pre-dreadnought battleships:
AmmunitionPattern 1905 ammunition consisted of two separate loading bagged charges and a projectile. The projectiles weighed between {{convert|112-139|kg|lb|sp=us|abbr=on}} and the two charges weighed a combined {{convert|39|kg|lb|sp=us|abbr=on}}. The gun was able to fire:
Photo GalleryReferences
Notes1. ^1 {{Cite web|url=http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNRussian_8-50_m1905.php|title=Russia / USSR 8"/50 (20.3 cm) Pattern 1905 - NavWeaps|last=DiGiulian|first=Tony|website=www.navweaps.com|language=en|access-date=2017-07-27}} 2. ^1 2 {{Cite book|url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/751804655|title=Naval weapons of World War One|last=Friedman|first=Norman|date=2011|publisher=Seaforth Pub|isbn=9781848321007|location=S. Yorkshire|oclc=751804655}} 3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_bb_andrey_pervozvannyy.htm|title=Андрей Первозванный 4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_bb_yevstafiy.htm|title=YEVSTAFIY battleships (1911) - Imperial Russian Navy|website=www.navypedia.org|access-date=2017-07-27}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_bb_pyotr_velikiy.htm|title=PYOTR VELIKIY turret ship (1877) - Imperial Russian Navy|website=www.navypedia.org|access-date=2017-07-27}} 6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_bb_ekaterina_ii.htm|title=EKATERINA II barbette ships (1888 - 1893) - Imperial Russian Navy|website=www.navypedia.org|access-date=2017-07-27}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_cr_rossiya.htm|title=Россия 8. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.navypedia.org/ships/russia/ru_cr_ryurik.htm|title=Рюрик External links
6 : Naval guns of Russia|Artillery of the Soviet Union|Coastal artillery|Railway guns|203 mm artillery|Obukhov State Plant products |
||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。