“Ventura Freeway”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The Ventura Freeway is a freeway in southern California, United States, running from the Santa Barbara/Ventura county line^[1] to Pasadena in Los Angeles County. It is the principal east-west route (designated north-south) through Ventura County and in the southern San Fernando Valley in Los Angeles County. From the Santa Barbara County line to its intersection with the Hollywood Freeway in the southeastern San Fernando Valley in Los Angeles (the Hollywood Split), it is signed as U.S. Route 101, which was built in the late 1950s and opened on April 5, 1960.^[1] East of the Hollywood Freeway intersection, it is signed as State Route 134 (SR 134) which was built by 1971. {{dubious span|text=The entire Ventura Freeway is not built to freeway standards, however; the segment that runs through the coastal communities of La Conchita and Mussel Shoals in western Ventura County still remains an expressway.|date=November 2018}}

Prior to the construction of a new alignment in 1971, the portion east of the Golden State Freeway was known as the Colorado Freeway in reference to nearby Colorado Boulevard, a historic thoroughfare in Pasadena and northeastern Los Angeles.

Route description

The Ventura Freeway begins at the Santa Barbara/Ventura county line at the Bates Road exit of U.S. 101 (Exit 83), west of La Conchita. The road alternates between a freeway and an expressway up to the seashore community of Mussel Shoals, when it becomes a freeway for the rest of its length.^[2] The freeway travels eastward through the citrus orchards and strawberry fields of the Oxnard Plain before ascending the short, steep Conejo Grade into the Conejo Valley. Continuing eastward through the northern Santa Monica Mountains, it crosses the Ventura/Los Angeles county line before entering the San Fernando Valley. The freeway continues eastward along the valley's southern rim, crossing the 405 and 5 freeways and the Los Angeles River. After passing through Downtown Glendale south of the Verdugo Mountains, it continues along the southern slope of the San Rafael Hills between Glendale and Eagle Rock before entering Pasadena near the Arroyo Seco and terminating at the Foothill Freeway.

The Ventura Freeway suffers from severe congestion. Its intersection with the San Diego Freeway, in Sherman Oaks, is consistently rated as one of the five most congested interchanges in the nation.^[3] Where it meets the Hollywood Freeway at the Hollywood Split junction, it is also notably congested. During events at the Rose Bowl, the freeway's eastern portions often resemble a parking lot.

The east-west geographical alignment of the Ventura Freeway and the overall north-south (Washington-to-California) designation of U.S. 101 on freeway signs can be confusing to visitors; the same freeway entrance can often be signed as "101 North" and "101 West"; this is most common in the San Fernando Valley.^[4]

Both the SR 134 and US 101 portions of the freeway are part of the California Freeway and Expressway System,^[5] and is part of the National Highway System,^[6] a network of highways that are considered essential to the country's economy, defense, and mobility by the Federal Highway Administration.^[7]

California State Route 134

The road is the main connector from the San Fernando Valley and points north to the San Gabriel Valley and points east. The future Interstate 710 dead-ends at California Blvd and is signed as State Route 710. Residents of South Pasadena have blocked efforts to extend Interstate 710 north to California Boulevard from its current end at Valley Boulevard north of Interstate 10 near the Alhambra/Los Angeles city limit. Signs on SR 134 and I-210 refer to the SR 710 stub in Pasadena as TO State Route 110, because exiting left from the SR 710 stub onto California Blvd and turning right on Arroyo Parkway leads directly to SR 110, which is Pasadena's only direct freeway link to Downtown Los Angeles.

The Interstate 5 offramp at Colorado Street is old SR 134, and there are still mileposts that refer to it as such. Old SR 134 followed Colorado Street through Glendale and Colorado Boulevard in Eagle Rock to the ramp connecting Colorado Boulevard and Figueroa Street to the Ventura Freeway. Old SR 134 continued onto the ramp and then onto what is now the Ventura Freeway to Orange Grove Boulevard in Pasadena. The Colorado Boulevard/Figueroa Street ramps and the segment of freeway between the ramps and just east of Orange Grove Boulevard used to be known as the Colorado Freeway.

History

History of State Route 134

A pre-freeway alignment of State Route 134 originated at U.S. Route 101 (Ventura Boulevard) and Fulton Avenue in Los Angeles, then along Fulton, Moorpark Street, Riverside Drive and Alameda Avenue before meeting up with U.S. 6/99 (San Fernando Road) in Burbank. It traveled along San Fernando Road to Colorado Street, then ran along Colorado Street (portions of which have been renamed Eagle Vista Drive) through Glendale, Eagle Rock and Pasadena before terminating at U.S. Route 66. The alignment was later cut back to terminate in Studio City at Lankershim and Ventura.

The Interstate 5 off-ramp at Colorado Street is actually a former routing of SR 134, and there are still mileposts that refer to it as such. Old SR 134 followed Colorado Street through Glendale and Colorado Boulevard in Eagle Rock to the ramp connecting Colorado Boulevard and Figueroa Street to the Ventura Freeway. Old SR 134 continued onto the ramp and then onto what is presently the Ventura Freeway to Orange Grove Boulevard in Pasadena. The Colorado Boulevard/Figueroa Street ramps plus the segment of freeway between the ramps and just east of Orange Grove Boulevard were previously known as the Colorado Freeway.

From 1964 to 1992, the Colorado Boulevard portions of Route 134 were renumbered as California State Route 248.

Legal definitions

The official Ventura Freeway designation is Routes 101 and 134 from Route 5 to the Santa Barbara County line.^[8] This does not include the portion of Route 134 between Route 5 and Route 210 even though local usage extends the name over this portion of freeway. At the freeway's eastern terminus with Interstate 210 in Pasadena, highway signs indicate "Ventura" as the destination direction for Route 134.

The interchange of SR 134 and I-5 is officially the "Gene Autry Memorial Interchange", after the Singing cowboy superstar Gene Autry. Autry's Museum of the American West is located near the interchange in Griffith Park.

Assembly Concurrent Resolution 54, Chapter 85 in 2003 also designated Route 101 in Ventura County as the "Screaming Eagles Highway".^[9] This honors the 101st Airborne Division of the United States Army, which formed on July 23, 1918 and has been involved in every major war that the United States has participated in since then.^[10]

The California Legislature passed a resolution in 2017 to designate the easternmost segment of the SR 134 freeway between SR 2 and its terminus at I-210 as the "President Barack H. Obama Highway", in honor of the 44th U.S. President Barack Obama, who had attended Occidental College in Eagle Rock from 1979 to 1981.^[11] Signs were posted on December 20, 2018.^[12]

Exit list

This exit list proceeds from east to west, since the majority of the freeway is the north-south US 101. {{CAinttop|exit|post_ref=
^[13]^[14]|exit_ref=
^[15]^[16]

See also

References

1. ^Kevin Starr, Golden Dreams: California in an Age of Abundance, 1950-1963 (New York: Oxford University Press, 2009), p. 3.
2. ^{{cite news|url=http://archive.vcstar.com/news/bike-path-to-bypass-treacherous-stretch-of-highway-101-taking-shape-ep-292205600-351570871.html|title=Bike path to bypass treacherous stretch of Highway 101 taking shape| first=Gretchen |last=Wenner |newspaper= Ventura County Star|date=November 4, 2013|access-date=30 September 2018|archive-date=2018-09-30|dead-url=no|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930115640/http://archive.vcstar.com/news/bike-path-to-bypass-treacherous-stretch-of-highway-101-taking-shape-ep-292205600-351570871.html}}
3. ^Infoplease, Quoting the" American Highway Users Alliance, Unclogging America’s Arteries, 1999–2004 rates 101-405 as the Worst Highway Bottleneck
4. ^Total Traffic LA 101 NORTH (WEST) AT WINNETKA IN WOODLAND HILLS CLOSED DUE TO AN OVERTURNED SUV (note 101 NORTH (WEST))
5. ^{{CAFESystem}}
6. ^{{FHWA NHS map|region=losangeles|accessdate=September 29, 2017}}
{{FHWA NHS map|region=oxnard|accessdate=September 29, 2017}}
7. ^{{FHWA NHS}}
8. ^¹²{{cite book | url=http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/tsip/hseb/products/Named_Freeways.pdf | title=2007 Named Freeways, Highways, Structures and Other Appurtenances in California | publisher=Caltrans | page=78 | accessdate=2007-03-28}}
9. ^Ib. at 76
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cahighways.org/097-104.html#101 |title=California Highways (www.cahighways.org): Routes 97 through 104 |publisher=www.cahighways.org |date= |accessdate=2012-11-07}}
11. ^{{cite news|title=Legislature passes resolution naming portion of 134 the Barack H. Obama Freeway|newspaper=Pasadena Weekly|date=September 14, 2018|url=https://www.pasadenaweekly.com/2017/09/14/legislature-passes-resolution-naming-portion-134-barack-h-obama-freeway/|accessdate=December 22, 2018}}
12. ^{{cite web|title=Los Angeles-area freeway named for Barack Obama|agency=Associated Press|publisher=ABC News|date=December 20, 2018|url=https://abcnews.go.com/US/wireStory/los-angeles-area-freeway-named-barack-obama-59942210|accessdate=December 21, 2018}}
13. ^¹{{Caltrans bridgelog|date=July 2007}}
14. ^California Department of Transportation, All Traffic Volumes on CSHS, 2005 and 2006
15. ^California Department of Transportation, California Numbered Exit Uniform System, US-101 Northbound and US-101 Southbound. Retrieved February 2008.
16. ^California Department of Transportation, California Numbered Exit Uniform System, SR-134 Eastbound and SR-134 Westbound. Retrieved February 2008.