| 词条 | 6"/30 caliber gun | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name=6"/30 caliber Mark 1, 2, and 3 |image=USS Atlanta 6inch gun LOC cph 3b07972.jpg |image_size=300 |caption={{USS|Atlanta|1884|2}}, 6-inch/30 caliber gun. |origin= United States |type=Naval gun |is_ranged=YES |is_bladed= |is_explosive= |is_artillery=YES |is_vehicle= |service=1885 |used_by= United States Navy |wars=
|designer=Bureau of Ordnance |design_date=1883 |manufacturer=U.S. Naval Gun Factory |production_date= |number=
|variants=Mark 1, Mark 2 Mod 1 – Mod 3, Mark 3 Mod 0 – Mod 9 |weight=
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|traverse=−150° to +150° }} The 6"/30 caliber gun Mark 1 (spoken "six-inch-thirty-caliber") were used for the primary battery of the United States Navy's dispatch vessel {{USS|Dolphin|PG-24|2}} with the Mark 2 being used in the secondary batteries for its "New Navy" protected cruisers {{USS|Atlanta|1884|2}}, {{USS|Chicago|1885|2}}, and {{USS|Boston|1884|2}} and the Mark 3 used for the primary and secondary batteries in the succeeding early protected cruisers in addition to secondary batteries in the "Second Class Battleships" {{USS|Maine|ACR-1|2}} and {{USS|Texas|1892|2}}.{{sfn|Navweaps|2015}}{{sfn|Friedman|2011|pp=179–180}} DesignThe 6-inch/30 caliber Mark 1, 2, and 3 guns were developed before the Spanish–American War and still used black powder or brown powder, in later years they were not considered strong enough to withstand the higher chamber pressures generated by the newer smokeless powder adopted around 1898 and were obsolete before the start of World War I.{{sfn|Navweaps|2015}} The Mark 1, gun No. 1, was constructed of tube, jacket, 16 hoops, an elevating band and intefral trunnions with a screwed on muzzle bell. The Mark 2 also trunnioned with the Mark 2 Mod 1 only having 10 hoops, jacket, and chamber liner and the Mod 2 the same but with a full length liner. All Mark 1 and Mark 2 guns were constructed to a length of 30 calibers. In 1895 all Mark 2s were ordered to be converted to rapid-fire, fixed ammunition. This was done in 1898–1902 with gun No. 2 being delivered in November 1898 for use in Atlanta.{{sfn|Navweaps|2015}}{{sfn|Friedman|2011|pp=179–180}} The Mark 3 was trunnioned as the Mark 1 and Mark 2, but was built in three different caliber lengths, 30, 35, and 40, in eight different Mods, Mod 0 – Mod 6 and Mod's 8 and 9. Mod 0 was 30 caliber with Mod 1 being 35 caliber. All 30 and 35 caliber Mods had a liner, 10 hoops, and a jacket. Mod 2 was 40 caliber with only eight hoops. Mod 3 was again 30 caliber but introduced the use of case (semi-fixed) ammunition. The Mod 4 was experimental in that it eliminated the trunnions and used a threaded sleeve. Mod 5s were reworked Mod 1s making them capable of handling case ammunition. As with the Mod 5 the Mod 6 were Mod 2s reworked to handle case ammunition. The Mod 7 was skipped and no drawings exist for this Mod. The Mod 8 was another Mod 2 rework, this time removing the trunnions and using a threaded sleeve. The last Mod was the Mod 9, using a Mod 3 gun and giving it a full length liner.{{sfn|Navweaps|2015}}{{sfn|Friedman|2011|pp=179–180}} Naval Service
Preserved weaponsAt least five guns of this type are preserved:
See alsoWeapons of comparable role, performance and era
NotesReferences{{refbegin}}
| first=Norman | last=Friedman | authorlink=Norman Friedman | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yh3OAwAAQBAJ&pg | title=Naval Weapons of World War One | publisher=Seaforth Publishing | year=2011 | isbn=978 1 84832 100 7 | ref=harv
|url=http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNUS_6-30_mk1.htm |title=United States of America 6"/30, 6"/35 and 6"/40 (15.2 cm) Marks 1, 2, 3, 4 and 7 |publisher=Navweaps |date=3 May 2015 |accessdate=15 May 2016 |ref={{sfnRef|Navweaps|2015}}
|url=http://www.byronhartshorn.com/2015/02/24/visiting-the-uss-maine-around-washington-d-c/ |last=Hartshorn |first=Byron |title=Visiting the USS Maine around Washington, DC |date=24 February 2015 |accessdate= 19 October 2016 |ref=harv{{refend}} Further reading
| last = Bauer | first = K. Jack | authorlink = K. Jack Bauer | last2=Roberts | first2=Stephen S. | title = Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775–1990: Major Combatants | publisher = Greenwood Press | year = 1991 | location = Westport, Connecticut | isbn = 0-313-26202-0
| last=Friedman | first=Norman |title=U.S. Cruisers: An Illustrated Design History |publisher=Naval Institute Press | year=1984 | location=Annapolis, Maryland | isbn=0-87021-718-6 External links{{Commons category|6"/30 caliber naval gun}}
2 : Naval guns of the United States|152 mm artillery |
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