| 词条 | 9th Canadian Infantry Brigade |
| 释义 |
|unit_name= 9th Canadian Brigade 9th Canadian Infantry Brigade | image=Follow-up waves of the 9th Canadian Infantry Brigade disembarking with bicycles from landing craft onto 'Nan White' sector of Juno Beach at Bernieres-sur-Mer, 6 June 1944. A23938.jpg | image_size = 250 |caption=9th Canadian Infantry Brigade troops coming ashore at Juno Beach on D-Day, 6 June 1944 |dates= 1916–1918 1940–1945 |country= {{flag|Canada|1921}} |allegiance= |branch= {{army|Canada}} |type=Infantry |role= |size=Brigade |command_structure=3rd Canadian Division |current_commander= |garrison= |ceremonial_chief= |colonel_of_the_regiment= |nickname= |patron= |motto= |colors= |march= |mascot= |battles= World War I
|notable_commanders= |anniversaries= }} The 9th Canadian Infantry Brigade was an infantry brigade of the Canadian Army that saw active service during World War I and World War II as part of the 3rd Canadian Infantry Division. The brigade fought on the Western Front during World War I from January 1916 to November 1918, and in Normandy and north-west Europe in 1944–1945 during World War II. It was a square formation of four infantry battalions during World War I, but was reduced to a triangular formation of three battalions during World War II. History{{expand section|date=December 2017}}World War IFormationDuring World War I, the brigade was formed as part of the 3rd Canadian Division. Placed under the leadership of Brigadier-General Frederic William Hill,[1] it initially consisted of the 43rd, 52nd, 58th and 60th Battalions, which came respectively from Winnipeg, Port Arthur, the Niagara area and Montreal.{{sfn|Nicholson|1962|p=134}} The unit sailed to France from Southampton late in February. Thereafter, it travelled to its billets in the vicinity of Eecke.{{sfn|Hill|1916|loc=February 20 to February 26}} The different battalions were then attached to other Canadian brigades already in the line, near Locre and Dranoutre, for trench familiarisation and training.{{sfn|Hill|1916|loc=March 1 to March 10}} By late March 1916, the unit was complete, except for the divisional artillery, which would be available by the middle of July of the same year. In the meantime, as part of the 3rd Division, its artillery support was assured by the Indian 3rd (Lahore) Division.{{sfn|Nicholson|1962|p=134}} The unit spent the next months rotating in and out of trenches in the Ypres area, where other units of the Canadian Corps were located. It witnessed the German gas attacks at Hulluch and at Wulverghem, without taking part.{{sfn|Hill|1916|loc=March 27 to April 30}} In the last few days of May, the Brigade suffered casualties as a result of German artillery fire.{{sfn|Hill|1916|loc=May 18 to May 31}} Battle of Mont Sorrel{{main article|Battle of Mont Sorrel}}Then, on June 2, the Germans launched an attack, in an attempt to divert Allied ressources from the upcoming offensive in the Somme region and to gain a tactical advantage in the Ypres salient by capturing the only part of the Ypres ridge that was still in British hands.[2]{{sfn|Granatstein|2011|p=88}} The brigade not being in the front line at the time of the attack, two battalions (the 52nd and the 60th){{sfn|Hill|1916|loc=Narrative of events from June 2nd to June 16th, inclusive}} were ordered to strengthen the 7th Canadian Infantry Brigade.{{sfn|Nicholson|1962|p=151}} The brigade then relieved the 8th Canadian Infantry Brigade and parts of the 7th, which had borne the brunt of the German attack.{{sfn|Nicholson|1962|p=149}} From the 4th through to the 10th, no significant action happened except for repeated shelling and a German attack by about 100 men in the evening of the 4th on positions held by the 43rd battalion, which was repulsed. Further attempts, on the 10th and 11th, were again repulsed.{{sfn|Hill|1916|loc=Narrative of events from June 2nd to June 16th, inclusive}} On the night of the 12 and 13th, the Brigade's 58th Battalion participated in a counter-attack, in conjunction with other forces from the Canadian Corps, to attempt to recapture lost positions on the heights of Mont Sorrel and Tor Top. After prolonged artillery fire, the troops went over the top at 1:30 AM.{{sfn|Nicholson|1962|p=153}} Despite achieving objectives, the attack being described as an "unqualified success"{{sfn|Edmonds|1932|p=241}}, the battalion nevertheless incurred 165 casualties.{{sfn|Hill|1916|loc=Appendix B, Operations 9th Canadian Infantry Bde, Night June 12th/13th 1916}}{{sfn|Nicholson|1962|p=153}} After the battle, the brigade was relieved by two battalions from the 2nd Guards Brigade on the night between the 15th and the 16th and moved behind the front line. In all, the brigade suffered 1083 casualties from June 2 to June 16.{{sfn|Hill|1916|loc=Narrative of events from June 2nd to June 16th, inclusive}} Battle of the SommeFlers–Courcelette{{main article|Battle of Flers–Courcelette}}Ancre Heights{{Main|Battle of the Ancre Heights}}World War II{{empty-section|date=December 2017}}Order of battleWorld War I[4]
References1. ^{{cite web|title=Personnel Records of the First World War|url=http://www.bac-lac.gc.ca/eng/discover/military-heritage/first-world-war/personnel-records/Pages/item.aspx?IdNumber=459493|website=Library and Archives Canada|accessdate=3 January 2018}} 2. ^{{cite web|title=Land Battles - Mount Sorrel|url=http://www.warmuseum.ca/firstworldwar/history/battles-and-fighting/land-battles/mount-sorrel/|website=Canada and the First World War|publisher=Canadian War Museum|accessdate=2 January 2018}} 3. ^{{cite web|last1=Lane|first1=D.W.|title=Juno Beach - 9th Brigade|url=http://www.junobeach.info/juno-4-11.htm|website=Juno Beach - The Canadians On D-Day|accessdate=27 December 2017|date=2014}} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.1914-1918.net/3candiv.htm |title=3rd Canadian Division |website=The Long, Long Trail |accessdate=27 November 2016}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://canadiansoldiers.com/organization/fieldforces/casf/3rdivision.htm |title=3rd Canadian Infantry Division |website=Canadian Soldiers.com |accessdate=27 November 2016}} Bibliography
4 : Brigades of the Canadian Army|Military units and formations of Canada in World War II|Canadian World War I brigades|Canadian World War II brigades |
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