“Abbotsholme College”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Abbotsholme College was an private school in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It operated from 1909 to 1925 in the suburb of Killara. Pupils during the school's brief existence included two future prime ministers, William McMahon and Harold Holt.

History

Abbotsholme College was established in 1908 and began taking students the following year. The school's founder and principal was John Fitzmaurice, who was born in Ireland and was a nephew of the naval engineer Maurice Fitzmaurice. He fought with the British Army in the Boer War, after which he moved to Australia for health reasons. He was a proponent of progressive education, and named his new school after the Abbotsholme School that had been established by Cecil Reddie in Staffordshire, England.^[2]

The Sydney Mail reported in 1920 that Abbotsholme had buildings and equipment worth £30,000 and grounds of {{convert|12|acre|ha}}. It was promoted as an open air school, and advertisements often claimed that its students had one of the lowest rates of illness in the state.^[3] At the height of the 1919 Spanish flu pandemic it was one of the few schools that remained opened. Abbotsholme initially accepted both day students and boarders. However, by 1922 all 160 pupils were boarders, ranging in age from 6 to 19 years.^[4]

In 1920, Fitzmaurice established a scholarship scheme for the sons of soldiers who had died in World War I. It initially consisted of 50 scholarships valued at a total of £10,000, and was expanded through later endowments. The scheme drew the attention of Edward, Prince of Wales, who gave permission for them to be called the Prince of Wales Scholarships.^[5] Fitzmaurice was prominent in local Freemasonry circles, and in 1923 he gave free-ride scholarships to Abbotsholme to all the former students of the Charles Kolling Masonic College, a school for the sons of deceased Masons that had been forced to close.^[6]

Fitzmaurice died suddenly in January 1924.^[2] The Daily Telegraph reported that his death was likely to endanger the scholarship schemes he had established, as there were no specific provisions in his will for their continuance.^[7] Abbotsholme closed in April 1925, and two months later it "burned practically to the ground" in suspicious circumstances.^[8]^[9]

Notable pupils

References

1. ^[https://monumentaustralia.org.au/themes/conflict/ww1/display/104589-abbotsholme-college-roll-of-honour Abbotsholme College Roll of Honour] - Monuments Australia. Retrieved 3 May 2018.
2. ^¹{{cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/245898451|publisher=The Daily Telegraph|date=29 January 1924|title=A patriot passes}}
3. ^{{cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/159039836|title=Abbotsholme College, Killara: the open-air school|publisher=Sydney Mail|date=15 December 1920}}
4. ^{{cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/245788473|title=Abbotsholme College|publisher=The Daily Telegraph|date=7 October 1922}}
5. ^{{cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/245990315|title=Making useful citizens|date=14 December 1923|publisher=The Daily Telegraph}}
6. ^{{cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/245990313|publisher=The Daily Telegraph|date=14 December 1923|title=Masonic Scholars at Abbotsholme}}
7. ^{{cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/245903006|publisher=The Daily Telegraph|date=14 February 1924|title=The Late Mr. J. Fitzmaurice}}
8. ^{{cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/224038646|title=Abbotsholme wrecked|publisher=The Sun|date=2 June 1925}}
9. ^{{cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/245233250|date=2 June 1925|publisher=The Daily Telegraph|title=Mysterious fires}}
10. ^{{cite book|author=Tom Frame|title=The Life and Death of Harold Holt|publisher=Allen & Unwin|year=2005|page=4}}
11. ^{{cite book|author=Don Whitington|title=Twelfth Man?|year=1972|publisher=The Jacaranda Press|page=144}}
12. ^Packer, Sir Douglas Frank (1906–1974), Australian Dictionary of Biography, Vol. 15, 2000.