| 词条 | Victor, Prince Napoléon |
| 释义 |
|name = Victor |image = Victor Napoleon.jpg |birth_date = 18 July 1862 |birth_place = Palais Royal |death_date = {{Death date and age|1926|5|3|1862|7|18|df=y}} |death_place = Brussels |title = Prince Napoléon |succession = Head of the House of Bonaparte |reign = 1 June 1879 – 3 May 1926 (France) and 17 March 1891 – 3 May 1926 (Westphalia) |reign-type = Tenure |house = Bonaparte |father = Prince Napoléon Joseph |mother = Princess Maria Clotilde of Savoy |spouse = {{marriage|Princess Clémentine of Belgium|1910}} |issue = Princess Marie-Clotilde Prince Louis |predecessor = Prince Napoléon Bonaparte in Westphalia and Napoléon IV in France |successor = Napoléon VI }} Victor, Prince Napoléon, titular 4th Prince of Montfort (Napoléon Victor Jérôme Frédéric Bonaparte; 18 July 1862 – 3 May 1926), was the Bonapartist pretender to the French throne from 1879 until his death in 1926. He was known as Napoléon V by his supporters. BiographyEarly lifeHe was born in the Palais Royal of Paris during the Second French Empire the son of Prince Napoleon and his wife, Princess Marie Clothilde of Savoy, daughter of Victor Emmanuel II of Italy. Two younger siblings would soon follow: Prince Louis (1864–1932) and Princess Maria Letizia Bonaparte (1866–1926), later the Duchess of Aosta. At the time of his birth, he was third in the line of succession to the throne behind Napoléon, Prince Imperial and his father. The Empire came to an end in 1870 with the abdication of the Emperor Napoleon III. Bonaparte heirHe was appointed head of the house of Bonaparte at the age of 18 in the will of Napoléon Eugène, Prince Imperial, who died in 1879, and so became Napoleon V to his supporters, though his younger brother, Prince Louis, a colonel in the Russian Imperial Guard, was preferred to him by many Bonapartists.[1] The decision by the Prince Imperial to bypass Prince Victor's father led to a complete breakdown in relations between father and son. In May 1886 the French Republic expelled the princes of the former ruling dynasties and so Prince Victor left France for exile in Belgium.[2] Dreyfus affairAt the time of the death of President Félix Faure in 1899, during the Dreyfus affair, a number of political factions attempted to take advantage of the disorder and Prince Victor announced to a delegation from the Imperialist committee that he would take action to restore the French Empire when he felt that the time was favourable. In order to achieve this, he announced he would place himself at the head of the movement with his brother, Prince Louis, fighting beside him who he said would be "bringing to the Bonapartist forces his prestige and his military talents as well as his rank in the Russian army". The Duke of Orléans, rival claimant to the throne, also had forces available and they were ready to cross the French frontier at same time as the Bonapartist forces. In the end the anticipated outbreak in France did not materialise and the French Third Republic survived one of its gravest crises.[1] DeathPrince Victor died on 3 May 1926 in Brussels with the French author Charles Maurras commenting on Prince Victor's time as pretender saying that he had not offered any new ideas since 1884 and no radical alternatives to republican governments.[3] He was succeeded as the Bonaparte heir by his only son, Prince Louis. FamilyOn 10 November/14 November 1910,[4] at Moncalieri, Prince Victor was married to Princess Clémentine of Belgium (1872–1955), daughter of Leopold II of Belgium and Marie Henriette of Austria. They had two children:
Ancestry{{ahnentafel|collapsed=yes |align=center |boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc; |boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9; |boxstyle_3=background-color: #ffc; |boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc; |boxstyle_5=background-color: #9fe; |1= 1. Victor, Prince Napoléon |2= 2. Prince Napoléon-Jérôme Bonaparte |3= 3. Princess Maria Clotilde of Savoy |4= 4. Jérôme Bonaparte, King of Westphalia |5= 5. Catharina of Württemberg |6= 6. Victor Emmanuel II of Italy |7= 7. Archduchess Adelaide of Austria |8= 8. Carlo Buonaparte |9= 9. Letizia Ramolino |10= 10. Frederick I of Württemberg |11= 11. Augusta of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |12= 12. Charles Albert of Sardinia |13= 13. Maria Theresa of Austria |14= 14. Archduke Rainer of Austria |15= 15. Princess Elisabeth of Savoy |16= 16. Giuseppe Maria Buonaparte |17= 17. Maria Saveria Paravicini |18= 18. Giovanni Geronimo Ramolino |19= 19. Angela Maria Pietrasanta |20= 20. Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg |21= 21. Princess Friederike of Brandenburg-Schwedt |22= 22. Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel |23= 23. Princess Augusta of Great Britain |24= 24. Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Carignano |25= 25. Princess Maria Christina of Saxony |26= 26. Ferdinand III, Grand Duke of Tuscany |27= 27. Princess Luisa of Naples and Sicily |28= 28. Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor |29= 29. Maria Louisa of Spain |30= 30. Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Carignano (= 24) |31= 31. Princess Maria Christina of Saxony (= 25) }} References1. ^1 {{cite book | title = The Great Round World | publisher = Universe Publishing company | year = 1899}} 2. ^{{cite book | title = Library of Universal History | author= Israel Smith Clare | publisher = R. S. Peale, J. A. Hill | year = 1897}} 3. ^{{cite book | last = Gildea | first = Robert | title = The Past in French History | year = 1994 | publisher = Yale University Press | page = 78 }} 4. ^Hugh Montgomery-Massingberd, editor, Burke's Royal Families of the World, Volume 1: Europe & Latin America (London, U.K.: Burke's Peerage Ltd, 1977), page 41 External links{{commons category|Napoléon Victor Bonaparte}}
Prince Napoléon Line|years=1 June 1879 – 3 May 1926|reason=Empire abolished in 1870}}{{S-aft|rows=2|after=Napoléon VI Louis}}{{S-break}}{{S-bef|before=Napoleon Joseph}}{{S-tul|title=King of Westphalia|years=17 March 1891 – 3 May 1926|reason=Kingdom dissolved in 1813}}{{s-end}}{{French Pretenders}}{{Bonaparte family}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Bonaparte, Napoleon Victor}} 5 : 1862 births|1926 deaths|House of Bonaparte|Bonapartist pretenders to the French throne|Princes of France (Bonaparte) |
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