“Acetyl nitrate”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Acetyl nitrate

释义

Synthesis and reactions
References

{{Chembox
| ImageFile = AcONO2 structure.png
| ImageSize = 160 px
| ImageAlt =
| PIN = Acetic nitric anhydride
| OtherNames = Acetyl nitrate
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo = 591-09-3
| PubChem = 11557
| ChemSpiderID = 11069
| SMILES = CC(=O)O[N+](=O)[O-]
| StdInChI = 1S/C2H3NO4/c1-2(4)7-3(5)6/h1H3
| StdInChIKey = JCZMXVGQBBATMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N }}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| C=2 | H=3 | N=1 | O=4
| MolarMass = 105.05
| Appearance = colorless liquid
| Density = 1.24 g/cm³ (15 °C)
| MeltingPt =
| BoilingPt = 22 °C at 10 Torr
| Solubility = }}
|Section3={{Chembox Hazards
| MainHazards = explosion
| FlashPt =
| AutoignitionPt = }}
}}

Acetyl nitrate is the organic compound with the formula CH₃C(O)ONO₂. It is classified as the mixed anhydride of nitric and acetic acids. It is a colorless explosive liquid that fumes in moist air.

Synthesis and reactions

It is prepared from acetic anhydride and dinitrogen pentoxide or with nitric acid:

(CH₃CO)₂O + HNO₃ → CH₃C(O)ONO₂ + CH₃CO₂H

It hydrolyzes in air to acetic and nitric acid, the reverse of the above reaction. Alternatively, nitric acid adds to ketene.

It is used for some nitrations and nitrolysis reactions.^[1] It acetylates amines, akin to the behavior of acetyl chloride:

2 RNH₂ + CH₃C(O)ONO₂ → [RNH₃]NO₃ + CH₃C(O)NHR

References

1. ^Louw, Robert "Acetyl nitrate" e-EROS Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis 2001, 1-2. {{DOI| 10.1002/047084289X.ra032}}

2 : Explosive chemicals|Nitrate esters

随便看

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。