词条 | Vila Franca do Campo |
释义 |
| name = Vila Franca do Campo | native_name = | other_name = | settlement_type = Municipality | image_skyline = SMG VFCVila Franca.JPG | image_caption = The town of Vila Franca do Campo, with its emblematic volcanic islet, the Ilhéu da Vila Franca | image_flag = Pt-vfc1.png | image_shield = VFC.png | motto = Quis sicut deus?; Who is like God? | nickname = | etymology = Portuguese for the free town of the field | subdivision_type = Country | subdivision_name = {{flag|Portugal}} | subdivision_type1 = Autonomous Region | subdivision_name1 = {{flag|Azores|name=Azores}} | subdivision_type2 = | subdivision_name2 = | subdivision_type3 = Island | subdivision_name3 = São Miguel | subdivision_type4 = | subdivision_name4 = | parts_type = Civil Parishes | parts_style = para | p1 = Água de Alto | p2 = Ponta Garça | p3 = Ribeira das Tainhas | p4 = Ribeira Seca | p5 = São Miguel | p6 = São Pedro | image_map = LocalVilaFrancaDoCampo.png | map_caption = Location of the municipality of Vila Franca do Campo in the archipelago of the Azores | pushpin_map = | pushpin_relief = | pushpin_map_caption = | coordinates = | coordinates_footnotes = | leader_title = Mayor | leader_name = Ricardo Manuel de Amaral Rodrigues | leader_title1 = Municipal Chair | leader_name1 = Lucindo dos Anjos de Fontes Couto | government_type = LAU | governing_body = Câmara Municipal | established_title = Settlement | established_date = 15th Century | established_title1 = Municipality | established_date1 = 1472 | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 77.97 | area_total_sq_mi = | area_land_sq_mi = | area_water_sq_mi = | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_ft = | population_as_of = 2011 | population_footnotes = | population_total = 11229 | population_density_km2 = auto | population_density_sq_mi= | population_demonym = | timezone1 = Azores | utc_offset1 = -1 | timezone1_DST = Azores | utc_offset1_DST = 0 | postal_code_type = Postal Zone | postal_code = 9680-115 | area_code_type = | area_code = (+351) 296 XX XX XX | geocode = | iso_code = | blank_name = Demonym | blank_info = Vilafranquense | blank1_name = Patron Saint | blank1_info = São João | blank2_name = Municipal Holidays | blank2_info = 24 June | website = http://www.cmvfc.pt | footnotes = Statistics from INE (2001); geographic detail from Instituto Geográfico Português (2010) }}{{PanoViewer|Vila Franca do Campo – spherical panorama.jpg|Vila Franca do Campo – 360° Panorama}} Vila Franca do Campo ({{IPA-pt|ˈvilɐ ˈfɾɐ̃kɐ ðu ˈkɐ̃pu}}) is a town and municipality in the southern part of the island of São Miguel in the Portuguese Autonomous Region of the Azores. The population of the municipality was 11,229 in 2011,[1] in an area of 77.97 km².[2] The town proper, which incorporates the urbanized parishes São Miguel and São Pedro, has 4100 inhabitants. HistoryVila Franca do Campo displays its municipal motto, Quis sicut deus?, on its flag and on its coat-of-arms. This Latin phrase means "Who is like God?" It is a reference to St. Michael the Archangel for whom the island of São Miguel is named; in Hebrew, the name, Michael, means "he who is like God". Founded in the middle of the 15th century by Gonçalo Vaz Botelho, the settlement was elevated to the status of vila (town) in 1472; Vila Franca do Campo quickly grew into the largest settlement and administrative seat of the island of São Miguel. The greatest tragedy to befall the Azores occurred on 20 October 1522, when a violent earthquake hit the area of Vila Franca do Campo, then capital of the archipelago and most important Azorean settlement.[3] During the earthquake and subsequent landslide, 5000 people were killed, with then Captain-Donatário Rui Gonçalves da Câmara II escaping the tragedy: he was relaxing in his summer home in Lagoa at the time of the tragedy.[4] Many of the residents were buried alive from a landslide and debris.[3] Because of its destruction, the capital of São Miguel was transferred to Ponta Delgada, where the Captain-Donatário installed his administration in a residence near the Church of São Pedro.[3] King John III eventually elevated Ponta Delgada to the status of city on 2 April 1546, attracting more and more economic activity and settlement.[3] In the sequel of the 1582 naval battle off the coast of São Miguel, the Spanish victors had several hundred French and Portuguese prisoners executed in the town. The town began to prosper again from the 18th century onwards from orange plantations, and later, from pineapple production. GeographyVila Franca do Campo Municipality is located east of Ponta Delgada via the Regional E.R.1-1ª roadway, while it is linked by mountain roads to the eastern and northern communities (including Lagoa, Furnas and Povoação). Most of the mountainous areas of the municipality are forested, interspersed with pasturelands and fields dedicated to agriculture and grazing. The climate in this region is mild and humid, with temperatures oscillating between {{convert|14|C|F}} and {{convert|22|C|F}}, and with regular precipitation, responsible for the fertile soils and ravines. These ravines that cross the municipality include the Ribeira da s Três Voltas, Ribeira da Praia and Ribeira da Mãe d'Água. The relief of this region is characterized by basaltic rock and projectiles from volcanic activities on the island, forming many of the distinctive geomorophological structures, such as: the islet of Vila Franca, Pico d'El-Rei (674 m), Monte Escuro (890 m), Lombados Pisões (258 m), Miradouro (685 m), Lagoa do Fogo and Ponta da Pirâmide. Administratively, the six parishes of Vila Franca do Campo Municipality include:
ArchitectureCivic
Religious
References
1. ^Instituto Nacional de Estatística 2. ^Eurostat {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140906094624/http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/nuts_nomenclature/documents/PT-LAU.xls |date=September 6, 2014 }} 3. ^1 2 3 Carlos Melo Bento (2008), p.33 4. ^Câmara had been Donatário since 1504, the date when his mother D. Inês and siblings mysteriously disappeared at sea during a voyage to Lisbon. 5. ^{{citation|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=15923 |title=Farol da Ponta da Garça (IPA.00015923/PT072106020007) |publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal|language=Portuguese |first=Patrícia |last=Costa |first2=Paula |last2=Noé |year=2010 |accessdate=4 March 2014}} 6. ^1 2 {{citation|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=9539 |title=Igreja e hospital da Misericórdia de Vila Franca do Campo/Igreja do Espírito Santo/Igreja do Bom Jesus da Pedra (IPA.00009538/PT072106030005)|publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal|language=Portuguese |first=Paula |last=Noé |year=2012 |accessdate=13 March 2014}} 7. ^{{citation|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=32495 |title=Igreja Paroquial de Ribeira das Taínhas/Igreja do Bom Jesus Menino (IPA.00032495/PT072106050013) |publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal|language=Portuguese |first=Paula |last=Noé |year=2012 |accessdate=16 March 2014}} 8. ^{{citation|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=32486 |title=Igreja Paroquial de Água de Alto/Igreja de São Lázaro (IPA.00032486/PT072106010012)|publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal|language=Portuguese |first=Paula |last=Noé |year=2012 |accessdate=14 March 2014}} 9. ^{{citation|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=9538 |title=Igreja Matriz de Vila Franca do Campo/Igreja de São Miguel Arcanjo (IPA.00009539/PT072106030004)|publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal|language=Portuguese |first=Paula |last=Noé |year=2002 |accessdate=14 March 2014}} 10. ^{{citation|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=32490 |title=Igreja Paroquial de Ponta Garça/Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Piedade (IPA.00032490/PT072106020011)|publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal|language=Portuguese |first=Paula |last=Noé |year=2012 |accessdate=16 March 2014}} 11. ^{{citation|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=25459 |title=Convento de São Francisco (IPA.00025459/PT072106040009)|publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal|language=Portuguese |first=Paula |last=Noé |year=2010 |accessdate=4 March 2014}} 12. ^{{citation|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=9540 |title=Ermida da Mãe de Deus (IPA.00009540/PT072106030006)|publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal|language=Portuguese |first=Paula |last=Noé |year=2002 |accessdate=4 March 2014}} 13. ^{{citation|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=8242 |title=Ermida de Nossa Senhora da Paz (IPA.00008242/PT072106030003)|publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal|language=Portuguese |first=Paula |last=Noé |year=2002 |accessdate=8 March 2014}} 14. ^{{citation|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=8241 |title=Ermida de Santa Catarina (IPA.00008241/PT072106030002)|publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal|language=Portuguese |first=Paula |last=Noé |year=2012 |accessdate=12 March 2014}} 15. ^{{citation|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=34742 |title=Ermida de Santo Amaro (IPA.00034742)|publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal|language=Portuguese |first=Paula |last=Noé |year=2013 |accessdate=12 March 2014}} 16. ^{{citation|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=32698 |title=Ermida de São João Baptista/Igreja de São João Baptista (IPA.00032698/PT072106060014)|publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal|language=Portuguese |first=Paula |last=Noé |year=2013 |accessdate=12 March 2014}} External links{{Commons category|Vila Franca do Campo (Azores)}}
4 : Municipalities of the Azores|Municipalities of São Miguel Island|Vila Franca do Campo|Populated places established in the 15th century |
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