| 词条 | Vila Velha |
| 释义 |
|name = Vila Velha |settlement_type = Municipality |official_name = The Municipality of Vila Velha | nickname = The Land of the Green Shins (Portuguese: Terra dos Canelas-Verdes) | image_skyline = Vila Velha.jpg | image_caption = Skyline of Vila Velha. | image_seal = Coat of Arms Vila Velha.svg | image_flag = Bandeira de Vila Velha (Espírito Santo).svg | image_map = EspiritoSanto Municip VilaVelha.svg |image_map1 = |map_caption = Location in the State of Espírito Santo |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_type1 = Region |subdivision_type2 = State |subdivision_name = {{flag|Brazil}} |subdivision_name1 = Southeast |subdivision_name2 = Espírito Santo |established_title = Founded |established_date = May 23, 1535 |leader_title = Mayor | |leader_name = Max Filho (PSDB) |leader_title1 = | area_note = | area_total_km2 = 208 | population_as_of = 2010 | population_total = 427,579 | population_density_km2 = 1906 | population_metro = | timezone = UTC-3 | utc_offset = -3 | timezone_DST = | utc_offset_DST = |area_code = +55 27 |postal_code_type = Postal Code |postal_code = 29100-000 | blank_name = | blank_info = | website = Vila Velha, Espírito Santo | footnotes = }}Vila Velha ({{IPA-pt|ˈvilɐ ˈvɛʎɐ|}}; Portuguese for "Old town") is a coastal city in Espírito Santo, Brazil. It lies across from Vitória, the state capital. Its population was 396,323 (2005) and its area is 208.82 km².[1] LocationVila Velha forms part of the Greater Vitória metropolitan area. To the north is Vitória, to the west Cariacica and Viana, to the south Guarapari, and to the east the Atlantic Ocean. The Deputy Darcy Castelo de Mendonça Bridge, known as Third Bridge (Portuguese: Terceira Ponte), is the second tallest bridge in Brazil, connecting and reducing the distance between the cities of Vila Velha and Vitória. The Jacarenema Ecological Reserve, a {{convert|307|ha}} conservation area established in 1997, lies along the coast to the south of the main city and contains the mangrove estuary of the Jucu River.[2] The Morro do Penedo Natural Monument protects a granite rock mass about {{convert|132|m}} high on the coast of Vitória Bay.[3] EconomyNotable corporations in Vila Velha include Garoto, one of Brazil's largest chocolate manufacturers. Vila Velha has been through several years of intense real estate development and several luxury buildings are now a common sight in all of its main beaches. Some critics argue that this practice can be considered excess urbanization of a previously low-profile area, despite the economic benefits. HistoryVila Velha is the oldest township in Espírito Santo. It was founded as {{nowrap|Vila do}} {{nowrap|Espírito Santo}} ("Village of the Holy Spirit") on 23 May 1535 by Vasco Fernandes Coutinho, the first captain of Espírito Santo. (The nickname "Green Shins" given to people from Vila Velha originated from the green algae that stuck to the legs of sailors returning from shore to Coutinho's ship.)[4] He was forced to return to Portugal around 1550 in order to recruit new colonists, as there were not enough to sustain the colony. Upon his return, however, he discovered that there had been violent disputes between the colonists, slaves, and Indians, which had forced most inhabitants to flee to the island of Vitória. In response, Coutinho relocated the capital to Vitória. Afterward, Vila Velha remained a quiet town until quite recently; the 1828 census, for example, showed only 1,250 people in the town. Today, however, Vila Velha is the biggest city in the entire state of Espírito Santo and has approximately 500,000 inhabitants. References1. ^IBGE - {{cite web|url=http://www.ibge.gov.br/cidadesat/default.php |title=Archived copy |accessdate=August 3, 2014 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070109005631/http://www.ibge.gov.br/cidadesat/default.php |archivedate=January 9, 2007 }} 2. ^{{citation |title=Caracterização da vegetação do Manguezal na Reserva Ecológica de Jacarenema, Vila Velha, ES |last1=Silva |first1=Diego Galvagne da |last2=Gomes |first2=Juliana Lisboa |last3=Martins |first3=Marcio Lacerda Lopes |work=57º Congresso Nacional de Botânica|date=November 2006 |url=http://www.botanica.org.br/trabalhos-cientificos/57CNBot/1380.pdf|accessdate=2016-06-05}} 3. ^{{citation|language=pt|work=De Olho na Ilha |last=Faria|first=Willis de |date=10 November 2012|title=Penedo: um Monumento Natural no Estreito da Baia de Vitória |url=http://deolhonailha-vix.blogspot.ca/2012/11/penedo-um-monumento-natural-no-estreito.html|accessdate=2016-10-25}} 4. ^{{cite book|last=Setúbal|first=José Anchieta de|title=Ecos de Vila Velha|year=2001|publisher=Prefeitura Municipal de Vila Velha|location=Vila Velha|pages=19–24|url=http://www.morrodomoreno.com.br/materias/porque-canela-verde.html|accessdate=15 April 2013|language=Portuguese}} External links
4 : Populated places established in 1535|Vila Velha|1535 establishments in Brazil|Populated coastal places in Espírito Santo |
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