| 词条 | Aedes africanus |
| 释义 |
| genus = Aedes | species = africanus | authority = (Theobald, 1901) | synonyms = Stegomyia africanus }}Aedes africanus is a species of mosquito that is found on the continent of Africa with the exclusion of Madagascar.[1] Aedes aegypti and Aedes africanus are the two main yellow fever vector species in Zambia.[2] Aedes africanus is mainly found in tropical forests not near wetlands.[3] IdentificationThis mosquito has distinct white and black stripes along its body which help differentiate the genus from others in this family.[4] Females of this species are ectoparasites and can most often be found on mammals living in the tropical forests of Africa.[4] The africanus species can be distinguished from other mosquitoes in the genus Aedes by having white scales on the maxillary palpi, scutum with a patch of large white scales, and 3 large white patches on the mid-femur.[4] Life cycleThis species lays its eggs in holes in trees, cut bamboo, bamboo stumps, and tree forks.[4][5] In laboratory settings, it was observed that the larvae hatch best at 27 °C and the quantity of water was not a factor in embryonic development but we most often laid within 2 cm of the water surface.[3] Aedes africanus adults are crepuscular feeders, meaning they feed from dusk to dawn.[6] Although this species is a vector for many diseases, because it is mainly found in forests, primates are its main source of blood meals.[6] Early studies of its populations suggest that when sampled in forested areas, it made up 95% of the caught species and only 50% in surrounding villages.[7] When populations are high enough, Toxorhynchites mosquitoes can be brought in as a biological control as they parasitize africanus larvae in the shared breeding habitat.[8]Medical importanceThis species of mosquito is an essential yellow fever vector in wooded habitats.[3] In addition to being a major vector of yellow fever, Aedes africanus also vectors pathogens such as dengue virus, West Nile virus, and Rift Valley fever virus.[1][9] It is also a vector of Zika virus, the causal agent of Zika fever.[10] References1. ^1 Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Systematic Catalog of Culicidae, {{cite web|url=http://www.wrbu.org/SpeciesPages_non-ANO/non-ANO_A-hab/AEafr_hab.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2015-12-02 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151129025204/http://www.wrbu.org/SpeciesPages_non-ANO/non-ANO_A-hab/AEafr_hab.html |archivedate=2015-11-29 |df= }} {{Taxonbar|from=Q5658733}}2. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Masaninga | first1 = F. | last2 = Muleba | first2 = M. | last3 = Masendu | first3 = H. | last4 = Songolo | first4 = P. | last5 = Mweene-Ndumba | first5 = I. | last6 = Mazaba-Liwewe | first6 = M. | last7 = Kamuliwo | first7 = M. | last8 = Ameneshewa | first8 = B. | last9 = Siziya | first9 = S. | last10 = Babaniyi | first10 = O. | year = 2014 | title = Distribution of yellow fever vectors in the Northwestern and Western provinces, Zambia | url = | journal = Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine | volume = 7 | issue = 1| pages = S88–S92 | doi=10.1016/s1995-7645(14)60210-8}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite journal | last1 = Sempala | first1 = S | year = 1981 | title = Some laboratory observations on the biology of Aedes (Stegomyia) africanus | url = | journal = Insect science and its application | volume = 2 | issue = 3| pages = 189–195 | doi=10.1017/s1742758400001004}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite journal | last1 = Huang | first1 = Y | year = 1990 | title = The subgenus Stegomyia of Aedes in the Afrotropical region. I. The africanus group of species (Diptera: Culicidae) | url = | journal = Contributions of the American Entomological Institute | volume = 26 | issue = 1| pages = 3–90 }} 5. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Schaeffer | first1 = B. | last2 = Mondet | first2 = B. | last3 = Touzeau | first3 = S. | year = 2008 | title = Using a climate-dependent model to predict mosquito abundance: Application to Aedes (Stegomyia) africanus and Aedes (Diceromyia) furcifer (Diptera: Culicidae) | url = | journal = Genetics and Evolution | volume = 8 | issue = 4| pages = 422–432 | doi=10.1016/j.meegid.2007.07.002}} 6. ^1 {{cite journal | last1 = Ross | first1 = R. | last2 = Gillett | first2 = J. | year = 1950 | title = The cyclical transmission of yellow fever virus through the Grivet monkey, Cercopithecus aethiops centralis Neumann, and the Mosquito Aedes (Stegomyia) africanus Theobald | url = | journal = Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology | volume = 44 | issue = 4| page = 351 | doi=10.1080/00034983.1950.11685460}} 7. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Bang | first1 = Y. | last2 = Brown | first2 = D. | last3 = Arata | first3 = A. | year = 1980 | title = Ecological studies on Aedes africanus (Diptera: Culicidae) and associated species in southeastern Nigeria | url = | journal = Journal of Medical Entomology | volume = 17 | issue = 5| pages = 411–416 | doi=10.1093/jmedent/17.5.411}} 8. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Sempala | first1 = S | year = 1982 | title = Interactions between immature Aedes africanus (Theobald) and larvae of two predatory species of Toxorhynchites (Diptera: Culicidae) in Zika Forest, Uganda | url = | journal = Bulletin of Entomological Research | volume = 73 | issue = 1| pages = 19–24 | doi=10.1017/s0007485300013754}} 9. ^http://www.ianphi.org/whatwedo/projects/uganda5.html 10. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Hayes | first1 = Edward B. | year = 2009 | title = Zika Virus Outside Africa | journal = Emerging Infectious Diseases | volume = 15 | issue = 9| pages = 1347–1350 | pmc=2819875 | pmid=19788800 | doi=10.3201/eid1509.090442}} 2 : Aedes|Insects described in 1901 |
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