“Villers-Cotterêts”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Villers-Cotterêts

释义

Geography
History
Gallery
Population
Notable natives and residents
Sports
Sights
See also
References
External links

{{Expand French|topic=geo|date=December 2008|Villers-Cotterêts}}{{Infobox French commune
|name = Villers-Cotterêts
|commune status = Commune
|image = Villers-Cotterêts statue et église 1.jpg
|caption = Main square with a statue of Alexandre Dumas and church
|image coat of arms = Blason ville fr Villers-Cotterêts (Aisne).svg
|region = Hauts-de-France
|department = Aisne
|arrondissement = Soissons
|canton = Villers-Cotterêts
|INSEE = 02810
|postal code = 02600
|mayor = Franck Briffaut (FN)
|term = 2014–2020
|intercommunality = Villers-Cotterêts–Forêt de Retz
|coordinates = {{coord|49.26|3.0906|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|elevation m = 120
|elevation min m = 65
|elevation max m = 226
|area km2 = 41.71
|population = 10669
|population date = 2012
}}

Villers-Cotterêts ({{IPA-fr|vi.lɛʁ kɔ.tə.ʁɛ|pron}} or {{IPA-fr|vi.le kɔ.tə.ʁɛ|}}) is a commune in the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France in northern France.

Geography

It is located {{convert|80|km|mi|abbr=on}} NE of Paris via the RN2 facing Laon. Its nickname Petite villa sur la côte de Retz means Little villa by the coast of Retz, as the town is situated next to the Forest of Retz, which covers {{convert|130|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} of land.

History

Villers-Cotterêts is famous because of the Ordinance of Villers-Cotterêts of 1539 signed by king Francis I of France ('François Ier'), which made French the official language in the kingdom instead of regional languages like Occitan or the elite European lingua franca of the time, Latin.

In 1914, the British Expeditionary Force fought a rearguard action here during the Retreat from Mons. On 1 September, the British 4th (Guards) Brigade who were covering the withdrawal of 2nd Division, came into contact with the leading units of the German III Corps on the edge of woodland near Villers-Cotterêts. The brigade lost more than 300 men in the encounter, but were able to break away and continue the withdrawal.^[1] Many are buried at Guards' Grave, a military cemetery maintained by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission.^[2]

La Plaine Saint-Rémy, Pisseleux, was an ancient commune that was merged with Villers-Cotterêts in 1971.

Gallery

Population

{{Historical populations
|align=right
| 1793|2400
| 1800|2327
| 1806|2273
| 1821|2543
| 1831|2688
| 1836|2692
| 1841|3481
| 1846|3465
| 1851|3602
| 1856|2609
| 1861|2764
| 1866|3396
| 1872|3119
| 1876|3206
| 1881|3811
| 1886|3790
| 1891|4582
| 1896|4772
| 1901|4981
| 1906|5381
| 1911|5654
| 1921|4208
| 1926|4610
| 1931|4612
| 1936|5070
| 1946|3607
| 1954|3917
| 1962|5489
| 1968|6313
| 1975|8949
| 1982|8380
| 1990|8867
| 1999|9834
| 2008|10168
| 2012|10669
}}

The inhabitants are called Cottevreziens.

Notable natives and residents

Charles Baur (1929–2015), Mayor of Villers-Cotterêts (1953–1989), President of the Regional Council of Picardy (1976–1978, 1985–2004)^[3]
Alexandre Dumas, père (1802–1870), popular novelist, was born and grew up here.

Sports

The town was the start of Stage 4 in the 2007 Tour de France.

Sights

The original château was built around 950 AD and was burnt to the ground twice before being rebuilt out of stone in the early 12th century. The front entrance is the only original remaining structure, which is listed with the Historic Monument Registry at the École des Beaux Arts. Francis I purchased the château from the de Noüe family to house his mistress Anne de Pisseleu d'Heilly. The {{Interlanguage link multi|Château de Noüe|fr}} was updated with 18th-century régence decoration by Gilles-Marie Oppenordt. The current owner is the Pépinières du Valois, an agricultural venture.

References

INSEE

1. ^Mons 1914: the BEF's Tactical Triumph by David Lomas and Ed Dovey, Osprey Publishing, 1997 p.85
2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.cwgc.org/find-a-cemetery/cemetery/63901/GUARDS%20GRAVE,%20VILLERS%20COTTERETS%20FOREST|title=CWGC - Cemetery Details|publisher=Commonwealth War Graves Commission|accessdate=16 June 2012}}
3. ^{{cite news|first=Jennifer |last=Alberts |title=Charles Baur, emblématique président du Conseil Régional de Picardie, est décédé |url=http://france3-regions.francetvinfo.fr/picardie/2015/01/05/charles-baur-emblematique-president-du-conseil-regional-de-picardie-est-decede-624862.html |work=France 3 |date=2015-01-05 |accessdate=2015-01-29}}

External links

[https://web.archive.org/web/20041226172147/http://tourisme.cc-villers-cotterets.fr/ Tourist office website] (in French)
Historic society of Villers-Cotterêts (in French)
The Catholic Encyclopedia entry on Gilles-Marie Oppenordt

2 : Communes of Aisne|Aisne communes articles needing translation from French Wikipedia

随便看

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。