“AHM Shamsuddin Chowdhury Manik”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

AHM Shamsuddin Chowdhury Manik is a retired judge of the Appellate Division of Bangladesh Supreme Court who gained notoriety for a number of controversial cases. He was also criticized for submitting verdicts in cases after retirement.

Career

Manik started his legal career in 1978 as a lawyer in the Bangladesh High Court. He was appointed the deputy attorney general of Bangladesh in 1996. On 3 July 2001, he was appointed by the Bangladesh Awami League government to the Bangladesh High Court as an additional judge. The Bangladesh Nationalist Party, which came to power in 2001, did not confirm his appointment.^[1]^[2]^[3] In 2003, he accused traffic police officers of contempt of court for not saluting his car. The Inspector General of Police of Bangladesh Police, Shahudul Haque, issued a rejoinder that said traffic police are under no obligations to salute anyone and they could do so if it was safe. Bangladesh High Court bench of Justice M A Matin and Justice Syed Refat Ahmed issued a contempt of court charge against Haque which automatically removed him from the post of Inspector General according to the law. The government of Bangladesh secured a presidential pardon that protected Haque's job.^[4]^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]

On 2 March 2009, Manik was reinstated to the court, along with 11 other additional judges, following a High Court verdict in their favor. On 25 March 2009, he was appointed as a full judge to the Bangladesh High Court by the Bangladesh Awami League government, which came to power in 2009. In 2012, Bangladesh Parliament passed a unanimous resolution condemning Manik and accusing him of violating the constitution. Bangladesh Awami League leader, Tofail Ahmed, called him a sadist.^[1] He accused forcing traffic Sergents to do sit up while holding their ears in court for not saluting the car of a high court judge. He also accused Manik of forcefully sitting in business class seats when he bought economy class tickets through the misuse of his position.^[9] On 31 March 2013, he was promoted to the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court. He superseded 21 judges who were his senior.^[1] The Mahmudur Rahman. editor of the Amar Desh called for his removal.^[10]

Manik retired on 1 October 2015. He was removed from the bench on orders from Surendra Kumar Sinha, Chief Justice of Bangladesh. He had secretly recorded a conversation between him and Sinha, and published the conversation in The Daily Janakantha. Supreme Court Bar Association in a vote deiced against hosting a farewell for Manik, and the Attorney General Office also decided against a farewell ceremony. It was a departure from the tradition of holding farewell ceremony for retiring senior judges. The Bar accused Manik of not signing judgements or writing them, and sending 14 lawyers to jail.^[11] He sought the impeachment of Chief Justice Sinha from President Abdul Hamid after the Chief Justice removed him from the bench.^[12]

Manik submitted 65 orders and judgements after his retirement on 10 February 2016. According to him, he still had 20 judgements and orders pending. Justice Imman Ali was ordered to examine the judgements and Justice Md. Abdul Wahhab Miah was ordered to scrutinize them. Manik also faced criticism for holding a press conference on the Bangladesh Supreme Court premises on 1 October 2015, against rules of the court, where he asked the Chief Justice to accept pending judgements from him after retirement. The chief justice asked him to send all the judgements and documents to the Supreme Court's registrar general's office and not hold press conferences.^[13]^[14]^[15]

On 22 February 2016, SM Zulfiqur Ali, lawyer of the Supreme Court, filled a petition with Bangladesh High Court seeking a media gag order on statements by Manik. He accused Maink of undermining the judiciary of Bangladesh.^[16] The petition was rejected by the Bangladesh High Court.^[17]

Post retirement

On 28 April 2016, the Bangladesh Supreme Court decided to rehear 161 cases in which judgements were provided by Manik after his retirement. This was done following a judgement by Chief Justice Surendra Kumar Sinha, that declared verdicts given after retirement were unconstitutional.^[18] He bitterly criticsed Sinha after a dispute developed between the Government of Bangladesh and Sinha.^[19] The Sumpreme Court ultimately decided to rehear only few of the 161 cases as necessary.^[20]

Manik was physically assaulted on Bethnal Green, London, United Kingdom in October 2015. According to his daughter, Nadia Choudhury, the attackers were members of Bangladesh Nationalist Party.^[21]^[22] On 16 March 2017, a defamation case was filled against him following his criticism of Justice Sinha in the media. The case was dismissed by the court on 4 December 2017^[23]^[24] He is a dual citizen of the United Kingdom and Bangladesh. He taught constitutional law at the University of London.^[1]

References

1. ^¹²³{{cite news |last1=Moneruzzaman |first1=M |title=Justice Shamsuddin quietly retires |url=http://archive.newagebd.net/162373/justice-shamsuddin-quietly-retires/ |accessdate=11 January 2019 |publisher=New Age |date=2 October 2015}}
2. ^{{cite news |title=Justice Manik retires |url=http://www.theindependentbd.com/printversion/details/16357 |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=theindependentbd.com}}
3. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.theindependentbd.com/post/16069|title=Justice Shamsuddin Chy extremely wrongheaded person: BNP|last=|first=|date=|work=theindependentbd.com|accessdate=11 January 2019}}
4. ^{{cite news |title=IGP and DMP commissioner get one-year fresh terms |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/2004/04/01/d40401012020.htm |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=archive.thedailystar.net |publisher=The Daily Star |date=1 April 2004}}
5. ^{{cite news |title=IGP fined Tk 2,000, faces jail in default |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/2004/01/28/d4012801022.htm |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=archive.thedailystar.net |agency=UNB |publisher=The Daily Star |date=28 January 2004}}
6. ^{{cite news |title=IGP guilty of contempt |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/2004/12/08/d4120801011.htm |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=archive.thedailystar.net |publisher=The Daily Star |date=8 December 2004}}
7. ^{{cite news |title=Govt, IGP both disregarded HC, rule of law |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/2004/12/09/d4120901099.htm |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=archive.thedailystar.net |publisher=The Daily Star |date=9 December 2004}}
8. ^{{cite news |last1=Ashraf |first1=Shamim |title=Govt yet to act on verdict against IGP |url=http://archive.thedailystar.net/2004/12/09/d4120901066.htm |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=archive.thedailystar.net |publisher=The Daily Star |date=9 December 2004}}
9. ^{{cite news |title=Ruling MPs demand removal of HC judge |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2012/06/05/ruling-mps-demand-removal-of-hc-judge |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=bdnews24.com |language=en}}
10. ^{{cite news |title=Plea to remove Justice Manik |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/news-detail-251310 |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=The Daily Star |date=26 September 2012 |language=en}}
11. ^{{cite news |title=No farewell to Justice Shamsuddin Manik |url=http://www.observerbd.com/2015/09/18/111307.php |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=observerbd.com |publisher=The Daily Observer}}
12. ^{{cite news |title=Justice Manik seeks CJ’s impeachment |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/country/justice-manik-seeks-cj%E2%80%99s-impeachment-142480 |accessdate=11 January 2019 |date=13 September 2015}}
13. ^{{cite news |title=Justice Manik submits 65 judgments, orders |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/backpage/justice-manik-returns-65-judgments-orders-214735 |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=The Daily Star |date=9 February 2016 |language=en}}
14. ^{{cite news |title=CJ hopes Justice Manik will return files of pending verdicts |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/country/justice-manik-writes-cj-accept-judgments-written-after-retirement-213871 |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=The Daily Star |date=7 February 2016 |language=en}}
15. ^{{cite news |title=Return case files, don't talk to press |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/return-case-files-dont-talk-press-214267 |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=The Daily Star |date=8 February 2016 |language=en}}
16. ^{{cite news |title=Writ seeks bar on broadcasting Justice Manik’s statement |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/online/writ-seeks-bar-broadcasting-justice-maniks-statement-576115 |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=The Daily Star |date=22 February 2016 |language=en}}
17. ^{{cite news |title=HC bins plea seeking bar on broadcasting Justice Manik’s statement |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/country/hc-bins-plea-seeking-bar-broadcasting-justice-maniks-statement-660001 |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=The Daily Star |date=24 February 2016 |language=en}}
18. ^{{cite news |title=SC to rehear 161 cases dealt with by Justice Manik |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/city/sc-rehear-161-cases-dealt-justice-manik-1216021 |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=The Daily Star |date=28 April 2016 |language=en}}
19. ^{{cite news |title=News Analysis: Settling an old score? |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/frontpage/news-analysis-settling-old-score-1456510 |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=The Daily Star |date=31 August 2017 |language=en}}
20. ^{{cite news |title=SC won’t rehear most of 168 settled cases |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/country/sc-wont-hear-most-168-cases-1218982 |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=The Daily Star |date=5 May 2016 |language=en}}
21. ^{{cite news |title=Justice Manik comes under attack in London |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/city/justice-manik-comes-under-attack-london-161053 |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=The Daily Star |date=22 October 2015 |language=en}}
22. ^{{cite news |last1=Pasha |first1=Syed Nahas |title=Former Supreme Court judge AHM Shamsuddin Choudhury attacked in London |url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2015/10/22/former-supreme-court-judge-ahm-shamsuddin-choudhury-attacked-in-london |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=bdnews24.com}}
23. ^{{cite news |title=Defamation case against retired Supreme Court judge Manik dismissed |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/court/2017/12/04/defamation-case-justice-manik-dismissed |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=Dhaka Tribune |date=4 December 2017}}
24. ^{{cite news |title=Defamation case against Justice Manik dismissed |url=http://old.unb.com.bd/bangladesh-news/HC-dismisses-defamation-case-against-justice-Manik/57467 |accessdate=11 January 2019 |work=unb.com.bd |agency=United News |date=4 December 2017 |language=en}}