| 词条 | Aino Bach |
| 释义 |
| name = Aino Bach | image = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = {{Birth date |1901|12|01|df=y}} | birth_place = Koeru, Estonia | death_date = {{Death date and age |1980|08|06|1901|12|01|df=y}} | death_place = Tallinn, Estonia | death_cause = | resting_place = | monuments = | residence = | nationality = Estonian | other_names = Aino Bach-Liimand | education = | alma_mater = | occupation = Graphic artist | years_active = | employer = | organization = | agent = | known_for = | notable_works = | style = | influences = | influenced = | home_town = | television = | religion = | spouse = | partner = | children = | parents = | relatives = | awards = People’s Artist of the Estonian SSR }}Aino Bach (1 December 1901 – 6 August 1980) was an Estonian artist known for her engravings and her portrayals of Soviet-era femininity.[1][2] BiographyAino Bach was born in Koeru, Estonia in 1901.[1] As a child, she lived in Narva, and attended secondary school in Siberia. She studied painting and engraving at the Pallas Art School in Tartu under the supervision of Nikolai Triik and Ado Vabbe. In 1937, Bach married the painter Kaarel Liimand.[3] She worked as a lecturer at her former art school (now renamed after Konrad Mägi) in 1940-1941.[4] In 1941, during the German occupation of Estonia, Bach was sent to live in Yaroslav in the Soviet Union. There, she was an active member in the Union of Estonian Artists (ENSV Kunstnike Liidu), founded in 1943.[6] She was a mentor to fellow Estonian artist Evald Okas.{{Citation needed|date=February 2019}} Bach was awarded the State Prize of the Estonian SSR in 1947.[5] After the war, Bach settled in Tallinn.[1] She was awarded People’s Artist of the Estonian SSR in 1961.[5] Bach died in Tallinn on August 6, 1980.[3] ArtistryMany of Bach's works portray women, representing many different settings and professions. Her style has been described as including both poetic realism and Socialist Realism.[1] Many of her pieces were created using intaglio engraving techniques.[6] While some of Bach's art has been characterized as a product of Soviet propaganda, art critic Eha Komissarov has argued that Bach, a genuine political leftist, used Soviet iconography as a means to portray women's participation in public life.[7] Later in her career, Bach painted portraits of public figures including Debora Vaarandi.[8] Further reading
References1. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |last1=Chalvin |first1=Antoine |title=Aino Bach |url=https://awarewomenartists.com/en/artiste/aino-bach/ |website=AWARE Women artists / Femmes artistes |accessdate=1 February 2019}} 2. ^{{cite web |title=The Soviet Woman in Estonian Art — Kumu Art Museum |url=https://kumu.ekm.ee/en/the-soviet-woman-in-estonian-art/ |website=KUMU Art Museum of Estonia |accessdate=1 February 2019 |date=2010}} 3. ^1 {{cite news |title=Aino Bachi sünnist möödub 115 aastat |url=https://dea.digar.ee/article/koerukaja/2016/12/01/13 |accessdate=1 February 2019 |issue=300 |publisher=Koeru Kaja |date=December 1, 2016}} 4. ^{{cite web |title=Mustlaste muinasjutud, Aino Bach E-kunstisalongis |url=https://www.e-kunstisalong.ee/Mustlaste_muinasjutud_Aino_Bach_7482 |website=E-Kunstisalong |accessdate=1 February 2019}} 5. ^1 {{cite book |title=The Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition (1970-1979) |date=2010 |publisher=The Gale Group, Inc. |url=https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Bach-Liimand%2C+Aino+Gustav |accessdate=1 February 2019 |chapter=Bach-Liimand, Aino Gustav}} 6. ^{{cite web |title=Reclining Female Nude by Aino Bach, Estonian on Josef Lebovic Gallery |url=https://www.joseflebovicgallery.com/pages/books/CL175-12/aino-bach-estonian/reclining-female-nude |website=Josef Lebovic Gallery |accessdate=1 February 2019}} 7. ^1 {{cite journal |last1=Kivimaa |first1=Katrin |title=WORKERS, COLLECTIVE FARMERS AND WOMEN IN NATIONAL COSTUMES: REPRESENTING SOVIET FEMININITY IN ESTONIAN ART FROM THE 1940s AND 1950s |journal=Acta Academiae Artium Vilnensis |date=2010 |volume=58 |pages=56-60 |url=http://www.academia.edu/1540683/Workers_Collective_Farmers_and_Women_in_National_Costumes_Representing_Soviet_Femininity_in_Estonian_Art_from_the_1940s_and_1950s._Acta_Academiae_Artium_Vilnensis_43-67 |accessdate=1 February 2019}} 8. ^{{cite web |title=Aino Bach Portrait of Debora Vaarandi |url=https://digikogu.ekm.ee/eng/new_category_tree/art_in_estonia_during_soviet_socialist_realism/oid-6617/?&offset=361 |website=EKM Digitaalkogu |accessdate=1 February 2019}} External links
10 : 1901 births|1980 deaths|Estonian artists|Women engravers|Soviet artists|Estonian women artists|Estonian illustrators|People from Järva Parish|20th-century Estonian artists|20th-century women artists |
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