| 词条 | Virginia Rappe | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Virginia Rappe | image = Virginia Rappe LCCN2014713221(crop).jpg | imagesize = | caption = Virginia Rappe circa 1920 | birth_name = Virginia Caroline Rappe | birth_date = {{birth date|1895|7|7|mf=y}} | birth_place = Chicago, Illinois, U.S. | death_date = {{death date and age|1921|9|9|1895|7|7|mf=y}} | death_place = San Francisco, California, U.S. | death_cause = Ruptured bladder and secondary peritonitis | resting_place = Hollywood Forever Cemetery | othername = Virginia Rappae | yearsactive = 1916–1921}} Virginia Caroline Rappe ({{IPAc-en|r|ə|ˈ|p|eɪ}}; July 7, 1895 – September 9, 1921) was an American model and silent film actress. She worked mostly in small bit parts, and is best known for her death after attending a party with actor Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle, who was accused of complicity in her death, though ultimately exonerated. Early life and careerVirginia Caroline Rappe was born in Chicago, Illinois to an unwed mother, Mabel Rappe, who died when Virginia was 11. Virginia was then raised by her grandmother.[1][2] At age 14, she began working as a commercial and art model.[3] In 1916, Rappe relocated to San Francisco to pursue her career as an artist's model, where she met dress designer Robert Moscovitz, to whom she became engaged. However, shortly after the engagement, Moscovitz was killed in a streetcar accident, whereupon Rappe moved to Los Angeles. In early 1917, she was hired by director Fred Balshofer and given a prominent role in his film Paradise Garden, opposite popular screen star Harold Lockwood. Balshofer then hired her again to costar with early drag performer Julian Eltinge and newcomer Rudolph Valentino in Over the Rhine, for which she was awarded the title of "Best Dressed Girl in Pictures".[3] This film was not released until 1920, when Balshofer recut it and released it under the title An Adventuress, and later in 1922, after Rappe's death, as The Isle of Love. In 1919, Rappe began a relationship with director/producer Henry Lehrman. The two eventually became engaged and lived together, although in the United States Census of 1920, the young actress is listed simply as a "Boarder" in Lehrman's home in Los Angeles.[4] Rappe appeared in at least four films for Lehrman: His Musical Sneeze, A Twilight Baby, Punch of the Irish and A Game Lady. However, since many of Lehrman's films are lost, the exact number of roles she performed for him cannot be determined. DeathThe circumstances of Rappe's death in 1921 became a Hollywood scandal and were covered widely (and sensationalized) by the media of the time. During a party held on Labor Day, September 5, 1921, in Roscoe "Fatty" Arbuckle's suite, number 1219, at the St. Francis Hotel in San Francisco, Rappe allegedly suffered a trauma. She died on September 9 from a ruptured bladder and secondary peritonitis.[5] She was buried at Hollywood Forever Cemetery.[6] Rumors arose, supposedly to besmirch her character, that Rappe had given birth to a child in Chicago in 1918, and that the child was given to foster care. These rumors were proven false by autopsy.[7] The exact events of that party are still unclear, with witnesses relating numerous versions of what happened. It was alleged that Rappe had died as a result of a violent sexual assault by Arbuckle. Arbuckle's accuser, Bambina Maude Delmont, had accompanied Rappe to the party; she had first met Rappe only a few days earlier.[8] (Delmont had a police record for extortion, prostitution and blackmail.)[9] Subsequent witnesses testified that Rappe had for some time suffered from cystitis, and that consuming alcohol could aggravate that condition.[10] Witnesses also testified that she had previously suffered from venereal disease, so there were allegations that her death was brought on by her health rather than by an assault.[11] After three manslaughter trials, Arbuckle was formally acquitted; his acquittal in the third trial was accompanied by an unprecedented statement of apology from the jury stating, in part, that, "Acquittal is not enough for Roscoe Arbuckle. We feel that a great injustice has been done him… there was not the slightest proof adduced to connect him in any way with the commission of a crime."[12] Nevertheless, Arbuckle's reputation and career were ruined because of the scandal. The case has been examined by scholars and historians over the years and is still speculated about today, and a number of detailed books about the case have analyzed the incident and subsequent trials. Filmography
See also{{Portal|Biography|Silent film}}
References1. ^{{cite book|last=Miller|first=Blair|title=American Silent Film Comedies: An Illustrated Encyclopedia of Persons, Studios, and Terminology|publisher=McFarland & Co.|year=1995|page=207|isbn=0-89950-929-0}} 2. ^{{cite book|last=Ellis|first=Julie |title=The Mammoth Book of Celebrity Murder: Murder Played Out In The Spotlight Of Maximum Publicity|publisher=Berghahn Books|year=2005|page=445|isbn=1-57181-140-0}} 3. ^1 {{Cite book |last=Ellis |first=Chris & Julie |title=Celebrity Murder: Murder played out in the spotlight of maximum publicity |publisher=Constable & Robertson|year=2005 |isbn=1-84529-154-9}} 4. ^[https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:33S7-9R64-QHJ?i=16&cc=1488411 "The Fourteenth Census of the United States: 1920"], City of Los Angeles, Los Angeles County, California, enumeration date January 10, 1920. Retrieved October 5, 2017. 5. ^{{cite book|last=Meade|first=Marion |title=Buster Keaton: Cut To the Chase|publisher=Da Capo Press|year=1997|page=121|isbn=0-306-80802-1}} 6. ^{{cite book|last=Lawson|first=Kristan|author2=Rufus, Anneli |title=California Babylon|publisher=Macmillan|year=2000|page=46|isbn=0-312-26385-6}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SN19211112.2.31|title=Sausalito News 12 November 1921 — California Digital Newspaper Collection|website=cdnc.ucr.edu|access-date=2017-01-13}} 8. ^ {{cite book|title=Go West, Young Women! |first=Hilary |last=Hallett |publisher=University of California Press |date=2013 |page=196}} 9. ^{{cite web |title=Fatty Arbuckle and the Death of Virginia Rappe | url=http://www.crimelibrary.com/library/crime/notorious_murders/classics/fatty_arbuckle/3.html |first=Denise |last=Noe |publisher=crimelibrary.com |accessdate=13 July 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210000102/http://www.crimelibrary.com/notorious_murders/classics/fatty_arbuckle/3.html|archivedate=February 10, 2015}} 10. ^{{cite news|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=pPwJAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3jEDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6543,1247471&dq=virginia+rappe&hl=en|work=Ludington Daily News|date=September 13, 1921|title=Virginia Blamed Lover, says nurse|location=San Francisco, Cal.|page=1}} 11. ^{{cite web |title=Fatty Arbuckle and the Death of Virginia Rappe | url=http://www.crimelibrary.com/library/crime/notorious_murders/classics/fatty_arbuckle/3.html |first=Denise |last=Noe |publisher=crimelibrary.com |accessdate=13 July 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150210000102/http://www.crimelibrary.com/notorious_murders/classics/fatty_arbuckle/3.html|archivedate=February 10, 2015}} 12. ^{{cite book|last=Chermak|first=Steven M. |author2=Bailey, Frankie Y. |title=Crimes and Trials of the Century|publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group|year=2007|page=67|isbn=0-313-34110-9}} Sources
External links{{commons category}}
11 : 1895 births|1921 deaths|20th-century American actresses|Actresses from Chicago|Actresses from New York City|American female models|American film actresses|American silent film actresses|Burials at Hollywood Forever Cemetery|Deaths from peritonitis|Unsolved deaths |
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