| 词条 | Virgin Islands | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Virgin Islands | native_name = | native_name_link = | native_name_lang = | sobriquet = | image_name = SVG Map of Virgin Islands.svg | image_size = | image_caption ={{leftlegend|#008000|Spanish (or Puerto Rican) Virgin Islands|outline=gray}}{{leftlegend|#FF0000|United States Virgin Islands|outline=gray}}{{leftlegend|#000080|British Virgin Islands|outline=gray}}{{leftlegend|#F4E2BA|Puerto Rico|outline=gray}} | image_alt = | map = | map_alt = | map_width = | map_caption = | map_relief = | label = | label_position = | coordinates = | etymology = | location = Caribbean Sea, Atlantic Ocean | GridReference = | archipelago = Leeward Islands | total_islands = | major_islands = | area_km2 = | area_footnotes = | rank = | length_km = | length_footnotes = | width_km = | width_footnotes = | coastline_km = | coastline_footnotes = | elevation_m = | elevation_footnotes = | highest_mount = | country = | country_admin_divisions_title = | country_admin_divisions = | country_admin_divisions_title_1 = | country_admin_divisions_1 = | country_admin_divisions_title_2 = | country_admin_divisions_2 = | country_capital_type = | country_capital = | country_largest_city_type = | country_largest_city = | country_capital_and_largest_city = | country_largest_city_population = | country_leader_title = | country_leader_name = | country_area_km2 = | country1 = United States | country1_admin_divisions_title = Insular area | country1_admin_divisions = United States Virgin Islands | country1_admin_divisions_title_1 = Unincorporated territory | country1_admin_divisions_1 = Puerto Rico | country1_admin_divisions_2 = | country1_capital_type = | country1_capital = | country1_largest_city_type = | country1_largest_city = | country1_capital_and_largest_city = | country1_largest_city_population = | country1_leader_title = | country1_leader_name = | country1_area_km2 = | country2 = United Kingdom | country2_admin_divisions_title = Overseas territory | country2_admin_divisions = British Virgin Islands | demonym = | population = | population_as_of = | population_footnotes = | population_rank = | population_rank_max = | density_km2 = | density_rank = | density_footnotes = | languages = | ethnic_groups = | timezone1 = | utc_offset1 = | timezone1_DST = | utc_offset1_DST = | website = | additional_info = }} The Virgin Islands are geologically and biogeographically the easternmost part of the Greater Antilles,[1] the northern islands belonging to the Puerto Rican Bank and St. Croix being a displaced part of the same geologic structure. Politically, the British Virgin Islands have been governed as the western island group of the Leeward Islands, which are the northern part of the Lesser Antilles, and form the border between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The archipelago is separated from the true Lesser Antilles by the Anegada Passage and from the main island of Puerto Rico by the Virgin Passage. The islands fall into three different political jurisdictions:
EtymologyChristopher Columbus named the islands after Saint Ursula and the 11,000 Virgins ({{lang-es|1=Santa Úrsula y las Once Mil Vírgenes}}), shortened to the Virgins (las Vírgenes). The official name of the British territory is the Virgin Islands, and the official name of the U.S. territory is the Virgin Islands of the United States. In practice, the two island groups are almost universally referred to as the British Virgin Islands and the U.S. Virgin Islands. History{{Main|Danish West Indies|History of the United States Virgin Islands|History of the British Virgin Islands|History of Puerto Rico}}The Virgin Islands were originally inhabited by the Arawak, Carib, and Cermic, almost all of whom are thought to have perished during the colonial period due to enslavement, foreign disease, and mass extermination brought about by European colonists, as is the case in the rest of the Caribbean.[2] European colonists later settled here and established sugar plantations, at least one tobacco plantation, and purchased slaves acquired from Africa. The plantations are gone, but the descendants of the slaves remain the bulk of the population, sharing a common African-Caribbean heritage with the rest of the English-speaking Caribbean. In 1916 and 1917, Denmark and the United States, respectively, ratified a treaty in which Denmark sold the Danish Virgin Islands to the United States for $25 million in gold. In the 1990s, a Puerto Rican tourism campaign renamed the Passage Islands as the Spanish Virgin Islands,{{Citation needed|date=July 2011}} though they are seldom{{Clarify|date=July 2011}} identified as such on maps and atlases.{{Citation needed|date=July 2011}} They are part of the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, located east of the main island of Puerto Rico. They are closer to St. Thomas than St. Thomas is to St. Croix. Demography{{unreferenced section|date=January 2019}}The total population of the Virgin Islands is 147,778: 104,901 in the U.S. Virgin Islands, 31,758 in the British, and 11,119 in the Spanish. Roughly three-quarters of islanders are black in the U.S. and British Virgin Islands, while the majority of inhabitants in Culebra and Vieques are of white Puerto Rican descent, with a significant Afro-Puerto Rican community. The main languages are English and Virgin Island Creole in the U.S. and British Virgin Islands, and Spanish in the Puerto Rican territory. St. Thomas is the most populous island, with St. Croix close behind (51,634 and 50,601, respectively).
Traffic controlMotor vehicles are driven on the left-hand side of the road in both the British and the U.S. Virgin Islands, although the steering wheels on most cars are located on the left side (as is the norm for drive-on-the-right localities). In the Spanish Virgin Islands, vehicles are driven on the right-hand side of the road. See also{{portal|Caribbean|British Virgin Islands|Puerto Rico|United States|United Kingdom}}
References1. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1aaOGjO63UgC&pg=PA382|title=Island: Fact and Theory in Nature|last=Lazell|first=Dr James|date=2005-11-01|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=9780520931596|page=382|language=en}} 2. ^{{cite book | title=Genocidio en América | publisher=Editorial MAPFRE | author=Pereña, Luciano | year=1992 | location=Madrid | pages=351 | isbn=84-7100-453-4}} Sources
External links{{commonscat|Virgin Islands|Virgin Islands}}{{Wikivoyage}}
5 : Virgin Islands|Divided regions|Leeward Islands (Caribbean)|Geography of the British Virgin Islands|Geography of the United States Virgin Islands |
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