“Aladár Donászi”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Aladár Donászi (born August 1954 in Pécs^[1] - August 10, 2001 in Sopronkőhida) was a Hungarian robber and serial killer, who was one of the most sought after Hungarian fugitives in the 1990s.

Biography

Youth

Aladár Donászi was born in Pécs in 1954. Contrary to most violent criminals, he was born into a family of high-class intellectuals (his father worked as a public prosecutor and his mother was a teacher). He was a good student, and after graduation he was admitted to a law school. However, the young man did not start studying, and instead married at the age of 19. Due to seeing the obligatory military service as unavoidable, he applied to a military college. After graduating there, he began working for the fire brigade as a professional soldier.

Beginning of criminal career

Donászi began preparing for a criminal career during his years in the People's Army. He practised using his weapon and deliberately directed himself towards a criminal career. On March 17, 1980, he escaped service, taking his rifle with him, later using it while robbing the National Savings Bank of Budapest on Irinyi Street. He stole 372,000 forints, but Aladár was eventually captured and brought to court.^[2] In September of the same year, he was sentenced to 12 years in jail.^[3] While serving his sentence in the Star Prison, he met his future associate, László Bene, with whom he spent most of his time in prison. Donászi was a good-natured prisoner, writing regularly in the jail's newspaper and working as a scribe.^[4] Due to his disciplined nature, he mislead the prisoner authorities into thinking that his punishment had served his purpose, and nine years imprisonment, he was released in March 1989.

Crimes

After Donászi's release, he met up with Bene, and in 1989, both of them started their long-standing series against tobacco bills. Mostly based in Transdanubia, they were involved in warehouse scams and high-value thefts. From 1989 to 1990, a total of 16,5 million forints were made from stolen cigarettes, sold through its organic sales network in Budapest. Donászi, thinking he was incomptabile with the image of a hard-faced criminal, decided to take actions with greater results. With his companion, they bought weapons in Vienna and started robbing in foreigns areas using fake papers. (Donászi got a forged ID card with the alias Márton Kálmán Gyula, in which he used his own photograph)

On June 12, 1991, Donászi carried out his first attack. With the intention of arriving in Győr, he held hostage the employees of the Surround Water Company. At the door of the spa company, he expected the arrival of a car carrying money. When the car arrived, Donászi first seriously wounded the officer guarding the money, and then the porter handling the gate. The officer later died from his injuries in hospital, but the porter managed to survive. Donászi's loot amounted to 870,000 forints.

On May 11, 1992, Donászi and Bene attacked a taxi driver and his passenger at the Budapest Skála store's revenue. When they observed a student boarding the taxi on Vak Bottyán Street, Donászi walked to the taxi and shot money-carrying student without a word. In the meantime, Bene shot at the driver, then took the money and escaped. The student later died from his injuries, and although he was seriously injured, the taxi driver survived. The criminals did not get a big bounty out of this robbery, however, as in their inattention they had stolen the bag which only contained extra money.

On November 8, 1992, a shooting practice was carried out in the outskirts of Sárszentmihály by Donászi and Bene. During this, however, hunters who believed they had located poachers approached the area. When he saw them, Donászi shot and killed both of them. After these murders, investigators, after investigating the bullets, determined that it was the same weapon used in the attacks in Győr and on the taxi driver. During the subsequent questioning of local residents, Donászi's accomplice, Bene, was reportedly seen in the area.^[5]

On January 22, 1993, Donászi and Bene were involved in the transferring of a car to a Alfa store in Újpest. The crane operator, however, came earlier than expected. Donászi, who wanted to make the plan work at all costs, started shooting, but accidentally hit Bene's car. The shots had severely wounded Bene's cheeks, which would only be removed by a surgeon later on. The relationship between the two robbers turned colder after the failure, and Donászi went abroad for a short time.

On November 13, 1993, Donászi carried out his last successful attack when he attacked a post office on Soroksarí Street in Budapest. During the robbery, Bene only took part as a driver, but Donászi was still able to bring a fortune of 15 million forints. (For this, the police arrested a employee of the post office who was kept in prison for months). After the attack, the couple learned that a friend of their acquaintances knew of their murders and robberies. Donászi considered the woman to be a risk, so he prepared to kill her. However, this did not happen, as on May 4, 1994, both criminals were arrested.

Trial and death

When Donászi was arrested, he declared that he was to be considered a prisoner of war. He longed for a long punishment and thought that the news of his murders and cruel acts would give him enough prestige in prison to be able to reach the top hierarchy of prisoners, crowning his criminal career. In Donászi's public re-engineering of the robberies, he calmly and intelligently reported on his offenses. In court, on January 26, 1995, Aladár Donászi was found guilty of shooting with intent, stealing for profit and murder, and sentenced to life imprisonment. However, his "fairy tale" dream could not have been realized. Following the arrival of commander of Sopronkőhida Prison, he sent Donaszin to an isolated cell, so he fell from the authority and criminal company he imagined. In the years during his imprisonment, Donászi took part in preparing a report on his life, giving correspondence and rarely interviews. The year-long isolation and time of his release (which could have been in early 2014) was never realized, as on the evening of August 10, 2001, Donászi committed suicide in his cell by cutting his wrists with a razor.^[6]

In the media

Donászi and Bene were the favourite figures of tabloids because of their cruelty. Zoltán Taborori published an interview with on Nagydavak about their crimes. A film titled "The Gangster Movie, was released in 1998. Aladár Donászi was also noted as a deterrent example by the Hungarian movement for the restoration of death penalty during the 2010s.

References

1. ^Commandos have expelled the offenders - Zeta
2. ^They captured the OTP account robber, Transdanubian Journal; March 19, 1980 p2.
3. ^The OTP Robber, the Transdanubian Journal, was sentenced to twelve years; September 5, 1980 p2
4. ^{{Citeweb|url=http://www.kisalfold.hu/szieszta/irnoka_volt_donaszi_a_hirhedt_gyilkos/1164138/|title=His nephew was Donászi, the notorious killer|publisher=Kisalföld|date=25 March 2006|accessdate=23 September 2015|language=Hungarian}}
5. ^{{Citeweb|url=http://www.blikk.hu/blikk_aktualis/20080725/hidegverrel_oltek_de_lebuktak/|title=They killed in cold blood, but they were seen|author=Klaudia Csikós|publisher=Blikk|date=25 July 2008|accessdate=24 September 2015|language=Hungarian}}
6. ^{{Citeweb|url=http://www.origo.hu/itthon/20010811ongyilkos.html|title=Convict has committed suicide in Sopronkőhida Prison|publisher=Origo|date=11 August 2001|accessdate=15 March 2017|language=Hungarian}}