| 词条 | Alampur Papanasi Temples |
| 释义 |
| name = Alampur Papanasi Temples | image = Jogulamba.jpg | alt = | caption = One of twenty three temples | map_type = India #India Telangana | map_caption = Location in Telangana | relief = yes | religious_affiliation = Hinduism | other_names = | proper_name = | coordinates = {{coord|15|52|16.7|N|78|07|22.4|E|display=inline,title}} | country = India | state = Telangana | district = Mahbubnagar | location = Alampur | elevation_m = | deity = Shiva, Devi, Vishnu, others | festivals = | architecture_style = Nagara | temple_quantity = 23 | monument_quantity = | inscriptions = | year_completed = 9th to 11th century | creator = | website = }} Alampur Papanasi Temples are a group of twenty three Hindu temples dated between 9th- and 11th-century that are in Papanasi village, near Kurnool to the south of Alampur, in Telangana. This cluster of mostly ruined temples are co-located near the meeting point of Tungabhadra River and Krishna River at the border of Andhra Pradesh.[1][2][3] They are close to the Alampur Navabrahma Temples of the Shaivism tradition, but completed a few centuries later by the Rashtrakutas and later Chalukyas. The Papanasi temples exhibit the Nagara architecture with a square plan.[1][3] The Papavinasesvara temple is the largest of Papanasi group. It has a square plan, a phamsana superstructure with a brahmachchanda-griva sikhara, plain outer walls and rangamandapa inside. The temple is dedicated to dancing Shiva (Nataraja, Natesha).[1] Together with the Navabrahma temples, the Papanasi group were related to the Kalamukha and Pashupata sect of Shaivism. Additional temples in this region made the site a Shaktism pitha. All of these temples featured Vaishnavism themes and narrated Hindu texts in their arts. Together these formed the Brahmeshvara Sthana tirtha (Kshetra), and before their destruction in the 14th and 15th centuries during Delhi Sultanate invasions and associated Muslim-Hindu conflict, they wielded enormous influence in regional religious life.[4] Some historic Hindu and Buddhist literature refers to this site near Kurnool as Srisaila or Sriparvata.[5][9] According to David White, this site in 12th century also became linked with the Shaivism sect called Virasaiva or Lingayats.[6] The Papanasi temple group is not at the original location. They have been moved and restored from their ruins by the Archaeological Survey of India after 1980. They were threatened by the Srisailam hydroelectric project, but they were moved to higher grounds and a barrage built to protect them which has saved them from further damage.[3] Excavations associated with this transplantation of the temples unearthed evidence of temple building rituals.[7] LocationThe Alampur Navabrahma temples are located in the Telangana town of Alampur, at the confluence (sangam) of two major rivers, the Tungabhadra and Krishna. It is {{convert|215|km}} south of Hyderabad, connected by the four-lane National Highway 44 (Asian Highway 43), and about {{convert|240|km}} northeast of Hampi monuments and {{convert|325|km}} east of Badami, the capital of the kings who are credited with building it in the 7th century.[3] See also
References1. ^1 2 {{cite book|author=Harsh K. Gupta|title=Deccan Heritage|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8830KZLvkYsC&pg=PA177|year=2000|publisher=Universities Press|isbn=978-81-7371-285-2|pages=177–181}} 2. ^Odile Divakaran (1971), [https://www.jstor.org/stable/43484516 Les temples d'Ālampur et de ses environs au temps des Cāḷukya de Bādāmi], Arts Asiatiques, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 51-101 3. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|author=George Michell|title=Southern India: A Guide to Monuments Sites & Museums |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GdBbBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT319 |year=2013|publisher=Roli Books |isbn=978-81-7436-903-1|pages=318–321}} 4. ^{{cite book|author=Himanshu Prabha Ray|title=Archaeology and Text: The Temple in South Asia|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QgFPAQAAIAAJ |year=2010 |publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-806096-3|pages=32–33}} 5. ^{{cite book|author=David N. Lorenzen|title=The Kāpālikas and Kālāmukhas: Two Lost Śaivite Sects|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q4hm-k6fKs4C |year=1972|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-01842-6|pages=51–52}} 6. ^1 {{cite book|author=David Gordon White|title=The Alchemical Body: Siddha Traditions in Medieval India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pQuqAAAAQBAJ |year=2012|publisher=University of Chicago Press|isbn=978-0-226-14934-9|pages=110–111, 238}} 7. ^MS Nagaraja Rao (1985), Indian Archaeology: A Review, Vol. 1982-83, ASI, pages 9-13 External links
7 : Hindu temples in Mahbubnagar district|Indian architectural history|Shiva temples in Telangana|Hindu pilgrimage sites in India|Chalukya dynasty|Hindu temple architecture|Indian rock-cut architecture |
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