| 词条 | Alexander Aikman |
| 释义 |
| name = Alexander Aikman | image = | alt = | caption = | birth_name = | birth_date = 23 June 1755 | birth_place = Borrowstounness | death_date = 6 July 1838 | death_place = Prospect Pen, Jamaica | nationality = Scottish | other_names = | occupation = Printer and newspaper publisher | years_active = | known_for = | notable_works = }} Alexander Aikman (23 June 1755 - 6 July 1838) was a Scottish printer and newspaper publisher in Jamaica. He was a slave-owner and the owner of Birnam Wood and Wallenford in the parish of Saint George. He was a member of the House of Assembly as the representative of the parish of St George. Early lifeHe was born at Barrowstounness, Co. Linlithgow on 23 June 1755, the second son of Andrew Aikman and Ann Hunter (the only child of William Hunter and his Wife Margaret Aynsley). He left his native country for South Carolina at the age of sixteen, having previously made a voyage to Danzic.[2][2] CareerAfter his arrival at Charleston, he apprenticed himself to Robert Wells, a bookseller and printer of a newspaper, the father of William Charles Wells. He left America after the Revolution and was in Jamaica by 1778. There he was associated with The Jamaica Mercury, and Kingston Weekly Advertiser, founded by David Douglass and William Aikman in 1779, which in 1780 became The Royal Gazette after the paper acquired government patronage.[2][3] He became printer to the House of Assembly and the King's Printer and having resigned those offices to his son Alexander, he was for many years a member of the House of Assembly, as representative of the parish of St George. After his son's death in 1831, he for a short time resumed his business and the conduct of the Royal Gazette, before retiring from business.[2] Aikman visited Great Britain in 1795 (in which voyage he was taken by a privateer, and had to repurchase his property at Philadelphia) in 1801, in 1803, and in 1814, but from that time had remained at home.[2] FamilyHe married at Kingstown, Jamaica, on 14 January 1782, Louisa Susannah, second daughter of his former master Robert Wells. She joined him from England after no little peril, having twice attempted the voyage: on the first attempt she was captured by the French, by whom she was detained for three months in France, and on the second by a King's ship, in consequence of taking her passage in a slave vessel. By this lady who died on 29 November 1831, (and of whom a brief memoir will be found in the Gentleman's Magazine vol. CI pt. ii, p. 571) Aikman had two sons and eight daughters.[2] His children included Mary, the wife of Mr James Smith, of St Andrews, Jamaica, and Ann-Hunter, the Widow of John Enright, Surgeon R.N. His younger son Robert died an infant. His elder son and successor in business, Alexander Aikman died in April 1831, (see Gentleman's Magazine CI, i, 650) leaving a numerous family.[4] DeathAikman died on 6 July 1838 at Prospect Pen, St Andrews, Jamaica, aged 83.[4] References1. ^The Royal Gazette (Jamaica) -19 May 1781 Page 120. British Library. Retrieved 9 January 2019. {{DEFAULTSORT:Aikman, Alexander}}2. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=sgghg8Fi5lQC&pg=PA26&dq=Aikman+jamaica+slave&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwik9_f34uLfAhX5QxUIHR13D_sQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=Aikman&f=false|title=The Free Church of Scotland and American Slavery: Substance of Speeches Delivered in the Music Hall, Edinburgh, During May and June 1846|last=Thompson|first=George|last2=Wright|first2=Henry Clarke.|date=1846|publisher=T. & W. M'Dowall|year=|isbn=|location=Edinburgh|pages=26|language=en}} 3. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=CafgAAAAMAAJ&dq=alexander+aikman+slave&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=alexander+aikman|title=A History of Printing in the United States: Middle and South Atlantic States|last=McMurtrie|first=Douglas Crawford.|date=1936|publisher=R. R. Bowker Company|year=|isbn=|location=Vol. 2. New York|pages=328-329|language=en}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 [https://www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/person/view/15301 Alexander Aikman senior.] Legacies of British Slave-ownership, University College London. Retrieved 9 January 2018. {{PD-notice}} 6 : 1755 births|1838 deaths|Scottish emigrants to Jamaica|Newspaper founders|People from Linlithgow|Members of the House of Assembly of Jamaica |
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