| 释义 |
- Biography
- References Citations Bibliography
{{Infobox person
| name = Alice E. Brown
| image = Alice_Elissa_Hedberg_Brown.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = Alice Elissa Hedberg
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1912|05|11}}
| birth_place = Kenai, District of Alaska
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1973|02|01|1912|05|11}}
| death_place = Anchorage, Alaska
| nationality = American
| other_names =
| occupation = Native American activist and tribal leader
| years_active =
| known_for = Pressing for passage of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act
| notable_works =
}}Alice E. Brown (May 11, 1912 – February 1, 1973) was a member of the Kenaitze Tribe of Dena'ina peoples, who worked for Native Alaskan rights. She was the only woman to serve on the original Alaska Federation of Natives' Board of Directors and pressed for passage of the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act. Brown was posthumously inducted into the Alaska Women's Hall of Fame in 2010. BiographyAlice Elissa Hedberg was born on May 11, 1912, in Kenai,{{sfn|Gatlabayan|2010}} District of Alaska, several months prior to the creation of the Territory of Alaska.{{sfn|Naske|Slotnick|1994|pp=92-95}} Her parents were Anastasiia Nutnal'ta (known also as Nancy) and John Hedberg (known as Moosemeat John) and she was a member of the Kenaitze Tribe.{{sfn|CIRI Shareholder News|2010}} In the 1930s, she married Elmer Brown and they raised their family in Anchorage.{{sfn|US census|1940|p=10A}} Brown served her community in various capacities, including as a field representative of the Kenaitze Indian Association and as a member of the Rural Affairs Commission Greater Anchorage Area Borough Advisory Health Board, and the National Congress of American Indians (NCAI).{{sfn|Gatlabayan|2010}}{{sfn|Gatlabayan|July, 2010}} In 1966, when the Alaska Federation of Natives was founded, Brown was the only woman appointed as a member of the Board of Directors.{{sfn|Alaska Women's Hall of Fame|2010}} In 1967, Brown was appointed by Governor Walter Hickel to serve on the Task Force on Land Claims.{{sfn|Fairbanks Daily News-Miner|1967|p=6}} The committee made their recommendations in 1968 and requested hearings to be held to approve distribution of land in fee simple to native villages with protected hunting and fishing rights for 100 years, shares in mineral rights to be paid to natives for specified lands and the organization of business corporations to disburse funds for tribal interests. Main opposition to the recommendations came from miners, but hearings in the Senate commenced before the year was out.{{sfn|The Alaskool Project|2001}} In 1969, Brown went with other native leaders to testify before the House. Her testimony focused on the plight of urban natives, who until that time had to return to their native villages for any social services provided based on their indigenous status.{{sfn|House Committee of Interior and Insular Affairs|1969|pp=650-651}} The following year, she was selected as chair of the Alaska Native Political Education Committee.{{sfn|Fairbanks Daily News-Miner|1970|p=1}} Finally, in 1971, the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act was passed and signed into law.{{sfn|Gatlabayan|2010}} Brown was selected to attend the 1972 United Nations Conference on the Human Environment to be held in Stockholm, Sweden,{{sfn|Alaska Women's Hall of Fame|2010}} but could not attend due to poor health. She died on February 1, 1973, in Anchorage, Alaska.{{sfn|CIRI Shareholder News|2010}} Posthumously, in 2000, a collection of manuscripts and archival materials about her and her father was donated to the Anchorage Museum Atwood Resource Center by John "Eddy" Brown{{sfn|Brown|2000}} and in 2009, Brown's personal papers regarding her work on land rights issues was donated to the University of Alaska by her granddaughter, Rebecca Lyon.{{sfn|Gatlabayan|2010}} In 2010, she was inducted into the Alaska Women's Hall of Fame.{{sfn|Juneau Empire|2010}}{{sfn|Alaska Women's Hall of Fame|2010}} References CitationsBibliography{{Refbegin|30em}}- {{Cite book|ref=harv|last=Brown|first=John "Eddie" |title="Moosemeat" John Hedberg: and Honoring Alice E. Hedberg Brown|year=2000|publisher=Anchorage Museum Atwood Resource Center|location=Anchorage, Alaska|oclc=761324895}}
- {{Cite web|ref=harv|editor-last1=Gatlabayan|editor-first1=Mariecris|title=Guide to the Alice E. Brown papers 1965-1973|url=https://consortiumlibrary.org/archives/FindingAids/hmc-1060.html|website=Consortium Library|publisher=University of Alaska|accessdate=10 July 2016|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140224045951/http://consortiumlibrary.org/archives/FindingAids/hmc-1060.html|archivedate=February 24, 2014|location=Anchorage, Alaska|date=2010}}
- {{Cite web|ref={{harvid|Gatlabayan|July, 2010}} |editor-last1=Gatlabayan |editor-first1=Mariecris |title=Alice E. Brown papers part 2: Multiple pathways, same destination |url=https://consortiumlibrary.org/blogs/archives/2010/07/16/alice-e-brown-papers-part-2-multiple-pathways-same-destination/ |website=Consortium Library |publisher=University of Alaska |accessdate=10 July 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160710224304/https://consortiumlibrary.org/blogs/archives/2010/07/16/alice-e-brown-papers-part-2-multiple-pathways-same-destination/ |archivedate=July 10, 2016 |location=Anchorage, Alaska |date=July 16, 2010 |deadurl=no |df= }}
- {{Cite book|ref=harv|author=House Committee of Interior and Insular Affairs|title=Hearings, reports and prints of the House, 91st Congress First Session on H.R. 6716|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uc1.b3605714;view=1up;seq=1642|year=1969|publisher=Government Printing Office|location=Washington, D. C.|chapter=Statement by Alice Brown}}
- {{Cite book|ref=harv|last1=Naske|first1=Claus-M.|last2=Slotnick|first2=Herman E.|title=Alaska: A History of the 49th State|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-xhQl1WDWa0C&pg=PA94|edition=2nd|year=1994|publisher=University of Oklahoma Press|location=Norman, Oklahoma|isbn=978-0-8061-2573-2}}
- {{Cite web|ref={{harvid|US census|1940|p=10A}}|author=|title=1940 U.S. Census, Anchorage, Alaska Territory|url=https://familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-L9MB-G4W3?i=18&wc=QZXT-H5Y%3A790102601%2C790628901%2C790690401%2C950898101%3Fcc%3D2000219&cc=2000219|website=Family Search|publisher=1940 U. S. National Archives|accessdate=10 July 2016|location=Washington, DC|date=October 22, 1940}}
- {{Cite news|ref={{harvid|Fairbanks Daily News-Miner|1967}}|author=|title=37 Named to Land Claims Task Force|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/5848136/fairbanks_daily_newsminer/|accessdate=10 July 2016|publisher=Fairbanks Daily News-Miner|date=November 11, 1967|location=Fairbanks, Alaska|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
- {{Cite news|ref={{harvid|Juneau Empire|2010}} |author= |title=Alaska Women's Hall of Fame announces its new inductees |url=http://juneauempire.com/stories/030210/reg_569711188.shtml#.V4J7UTU2UVJ |accessdate=10 July 2016 |publisher=Juneau Empire |date=March 2, 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151208040007/http://juneauempire.com/stories/030210/reg_569711188.shtml#.V4KUQjU2UVK |archivedate=December 8, 2015 |location=Juneau, Alaska |deadurl=no |df= }}
- {{Cite web|ref={{harvid|The Alaskool Project|2001}} |author= |title=Alaska Native Land Claims |url=http://www.alaskool.org/projects/ancsa/landclaims/LandClaims_Unit4_Ch17.htm |website=The Alaskool Project |publisher=Institute of Social and Economic Research |accessdate=10 July 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20020330153038/http://www.alaskool.org/projects/ancsa/landclaims/LandClaims_Unit4_Ch17.htm |archivedate=March 30, 2002 |location=University of Alaska, Anchorage, Alaska |date=2001 |deadurl=no |df= }}
- {{Cite web|ref={{harvid|Alaska Women's Hall of Fame|2010}} |author= |title=Alice Brown |url=http://alaskawomenshalloffame.org/alumnae/name/alice-brown/ |publisher=Alaska Women's Hall of Fame |accessdate=10 July 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160415125920/http://alaskawomenshalloffame.org/alumnae/name/alice-brown/ |archivedate=April 15, 2016 |location=Anchorage, Alaska |date=2010 |deadurl=no |df= }}
- {{Cite web|ref={{harvid|CIRI Shareholder News|2010}} |author= |title=CIRI Spotlight: Alice E. Brown |url=http://www.ciri.com/original-ciri-shareholder-alice-e-brown-was-inducted-into-the/ |publisher=Cook Inlet Region Inc. |accessdate=10 July 2016 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160710175422/http://www.ciri.com/original-ciri-shareholder-alice-e-brown-was-inducted-into-the/ |archivedate=July 10, 2016 |location=Anchorage, Alaska |date=May 1, 2010 |deadurl=no |df= }}
- {{Cite news|ref={{harvid|Fairbanks Daily News-Miner|1970}}|author=|title=Native unit backs three|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/5848497/native_unit_backs_three_fairbanks/|accessdate=10 July 2016|publisher=Fairbanks Daily News-Miner|date=August 7, 1970|location=Fairbanks, Alaska|via = Newspapers.com}} {{open access}}
{{Refend}}{{Authority control}}{{Alaska Women's Hall of Fame}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Brown, Alice E.}} 8 : 1912 births|1973 deaths|Alaska Native activists|People from Anchorage, Alaska|People from Kenai, Alaska|Alaskan Athabaskan people|United States federal Indian policy|Native Americans' rights activists |