“Vizhnitz (Hasidic dynasty)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Vizhnitz is the name of a Hasidic dynasty founded by Rabbi Menachem Mendel Hager. Vizhnitz is the Yiddish name of Vyzhnytsia, a town in present-day Ukraine (then, a village in Austrian Bukovina).

History of dynastic leadership

Menachem Mendel Hager

Menachem Mendel Hager was born on May 17, 1830 in Kosiv. He was the son of Rabbi Chaim Hager of Kosiv and the son-in-law of Rabbi Israel Friedman of Ruzhyn. He was appointed Rebbe at the age of 24, and soon after he moved to Vyzhnytsia, a small town close to Kosiv. As his reputation grew, so did his followers. He became known and admired for his charitable acts, sincerity in prayer and love for Eretz Yisrael. In his older years he endeavored to emigrate there. He had two sons, Reb Boruch and another, Reb Yaakov Dovid, who died during his lifetime. His son-in-law was the son of Rabbi Yehoshua Rokeach of Belz, Reb Shmuel of Sokal. His Torah thoughts were published under the title Tzemach Tzaddik. He died on October 18, 1884 and was buried in Vyzhnytsia. His son Reb Boruch took his place becoming the second Rebbe of Vizhnitz.

Boruch Hager

Boruch Hager was born in 1845 and was named after Rabbi Boruch of Medzhybizh at the behest of his grandfather, Yisroel Friedman of Ruzhyn. In 1885, aged 40 he inherited the mantle of leadership from his father, Menachem Mendel Hager, and became rebbe to thousands of Hasidim. He led them for only eight years until his death in 1892. His Torah thoughts were collected in Imrei Boruch by his son-in-law. Eight of his sons became rebbes in different locals: His eldest, Reb Yisroel, succeeded him in Vyzhnytsia; Reb Chaim became rebbe in Ottynia; Reb Moshe in Suceava; Reb Shmuel Avrohom Abba in Horodenka; Reb Yaakov Yitzchok Dovid in Storozhynets; Reb Pinchos in Borsha; Reb Feivish in Zelishtshik; Reb Yechiel Michel succeeded his brother in Horodenka. Another son, Reb Sholom, died in his youth. His sons-in-law were Reb Shmuel Dov Chodorov of Petriva; Reb Mordechai Chodorov of Kolomea, who published Imrey Boruch; Reb Sholom Yosef Friedman of Sadigur-Chernovitz.

Yisroel Hager

Yisroel Hager was born on August 20, 1860. He was the first-born son of Rabbi Boruch Hager. He married the daughter of Rabbi Meir Horowitz of Dzhikov. In 1875, he moved to his father-in-law's house and studied at great length with his brother-in-law Rabbi Yehoshua of Dzikov. Three years later he returned to Vyzhnytsia and became very close to his grandfather, Rabbi Menachem Mendel Hager. In 1893 he was appointed as rebbe in Vyzhnytsia. The young rebbe invigorated the dynasty and attracted many more followers from the surrounding provinces. He established many Talmud Torahs, and also a yeshiva, to which he appointed his son Rabbi Menachem Mendel as rosh yeshiva. When World War I broke out he was forced to move to Grosswardein (Oradea). He lived there until his death on 2 June 1936.^[1] In 1949, his remains were transferred to Israel and re-interred in Zichron Meir, Bnei Brak.

His sons were Reb Menachem Mendel of Visheve, Reb Chaim Meir (Chayim Meir'l), who inherited his father's position in Grosswardein; Reb Eliezer of Vyzhnytsia; Reb Boruch of Siret; and Reb Shmuel Abba who died young. He also had six daughters.

Chaim Meir Hager

After the Holocaust, Reb Chaim Meir settled in Bnei Brak, Israel, to build a community there. Disciples from pre-war Europe gathered around him and formed a comprehensive net of educational and communal institutions. He became a spiritual mentor of the Agudas Yisrael party in the Israeli Knesset. Agudas Yisrael won substantial government aid for Bnei Brak and affiliated communities in return for its support in coalition governments.^[2]

Reb Chaim Meir had two sons, the older Moshe (Reb Moshelle) and the younger Mordechai (Reb Mottele).^[2]

Reb Chaim Meir's sons-in-law include Rabbis Yidele Horowitz, Yitzchok Yaakov Weiss (both were married to Reb Chaim Meir's daughter, Miriam),^[3] and Yisrael Friedman (married to Reb Chaim Meir's daughter, Tziporah. Their son is Hoshea Friedman).^[4]

Moshe Yehoshua Hager

Rabbi Moshe Yehoshua Hager, was the Vizhnitser Rebbe in Bnei Brak. He died on March 13, 2012, aged 95.^[5] He had two sons and four daughters. His elder son is Rabbi Yisroel, named after his great grandfather, the "Ahavas Yisroel"; his other son is Rabbi Menachem Mendel, named after the founding Vizhnitzer Rebbe, author of Tzemach Tzaddik. Rabbi Moshe Yehoshua's sons-in-law are famous rabbis. The eldest daughter married Rabbi David Twersky, the Skverer Rebbe of New Square, NY. One daughter married Rabbi Yissachar Dov Rokeach, the Belzer Rebbe from Jerusalem. One daughter married Rabbi Aaron Teitelbaum, the Satmar Rebbe from Kiryas Joel, NY. The youngest daughter married Rabbi Menachem Ernster, the rosh yeshiva of the Vizhnitz Yeshiva in Bnei Brak.^[6]

Mordechai Hager

Rabbi Mordechai Hager zt"l, born in 1922, was the Vizhnitzer Rebbe until his passing in 2018.^[7]^[8] Following the death of his father Rabbi Chaim Meir Hager of Bnei Brak, Israel, tens of thousands of Vizhnitz hasidim followed him. At the time of his passing, he was the oldest hasidic rabbi in the entire world. He was known for his devotion to learning Torah: he studied 18 hours a day and asked his Chasidim to study at least two hours every day. He had about 30,000 followers internationally.^[9]

Rabbi Mordechai died on March 16, 2018 (29 Adar 5778), at Mount Sinai Hospital.^[10] The funeral was held with the attendance of 100,000 mourners.^[11] He was buried in the Vishnitzer Cemetery in Monsey, New York.^[12]

Rabbi Mordechai bore 14 children, 8 sons and 6 daughters. His sons and grandson serve as leaders of his followers in the United States and internationally: Rabbi Yisroel in Monsey, New York; Rabbi Mendel in Kiamesha Lake, New York; and Rabbi Yitzchok Yochonon in Williamsburg, Brooklyn. The other sons serve internationally: Rabbi Eliezer in Jerusalem, Israel; Rabbi Dovid for all of Europe, headquartered in London; Rabbi Aron in Montreal, Quebec, Canada; his youngest son, Rabbi Buroch Shamshon, in Beit Shemesh, Israel; and his grandson Rabbi Yakov Yosef, son of eldest son Rabbi Pinchus Shulem, in Boro Park, Brooklyn.

Lineage of the Vizhnitz-Kosov dynasty

(son-in-law of Moshe Zvi of Savran)|MMH=Menachem Mendel Hager,
1st Rebbe of Vizhnitz
Tzemach Tzadik
(1830-1884) (son in law of Reb Yisroel of Ruzhin)
}}

Rebbe of Vizhnitz
Bnei Brak|PSBM=Pinches Shulem Hager,
"Ohr Shulem"
Vizhnitz Rov In Borough Park
(1948-2015)
(died prior to his father and did not become Rebbe)|YBM=Yisroel Hager,
Rabbi of Viznitz
Monsey|MBM=Menachem Mendel Hager,
Rebbe of Vizhnitz
Kiamesha Lake|YYBM=Yitzchok Yochonon Hager,
Rebbe of Vizhnitz
Williamsburg|EZBM= Eliezer Zev Hager,
Rebbe of Vizhnitz
Jerusalem|DBM=Duvid Hager,
Rebbe of Vizhnitz
London|ABM=Ahron Hager,
Rebbe of Vizhnitz
Montreal|BSBM=Boruch Shamshon Hager,
Rebbe of Vizhnitz
Beit Shemesh||YHSV=Yaakov Hager
Rebbe of Seret-Vizhnitz in Haifa}}

See also

References

1. ^Der Israelit, 4 June 1936, p. 13 {{webarchive |url=https://www.webcitation.org/5vvfRvGym?url=http://edocs.ub.uni-frankfurt.de/volltexte/2008/38052/original/Israelit_1936_23.pdf |date=January 22, 2011 }}
2. ^¹The Roots of Hasidism: The Two Viznitz's (nyc-architecture.com) {{webarchive |url=https://www.webcitation.org/5vvfSr8eN?url=http://www.nyc-architecture.com/WBG/wbg-jewish.htm |date=January 22, 2011 }}
3. ^Invitation written by Reb Yisroel Hager to the wedding of his granddaughter Miriam and Reb Yidele Horowitz (in Hebrew)
4. ^{{cite journal|last=Ehrlich|first=Aryeh|date=6 October 2014|title=Legacy of Many Threads|url=http://www.mishpacha.com/Browse/Article/4529/Legacy-of-Many-Threads|journal=Mishpacha|issue=530|page=|pages=|accessdate=21 October 2014}}
5. ^[https://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/16/nyregion/rabbi-moshe-y-hager-hasidic-leader-dies-at-95.html?_r=3 Rabbi Moshe Hager, a Hasidic Leader, Dies at 95 ]
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/153741|title=Vizhnitzer Rebbe Passes Away at 95|last=Benari|first=Elad|date=14 March 2012|accessdate=19 March 2012|work=Arutz Sheva}} The head rabbis, also known as Admorim ({{lang-he|אדמו"ר}}, which is the acronym for "אדונינו מורינו ורבינו" "Adoneinu Moreinu V'Rabeinu", "our master, our teacher and our rabbi"), are located currently in Bnei Brak and Haifa in Israel and Monsey, New York. Rabbi Yisroel Hager has inherited his father's community.he is known for his love and devotion to עם ישראל just like his great grand father who he's named after he has around 7,500 followers worldwide. he has three sons and four daughters his oldest son Rabbi Chaim Meir leads a kehilla in Borough Park, Brooklyn, New York his other two sons live in bnei brak his oldest daughter married Rabbi Boruch Shamshon Hager son of Viznitzer Rebbe Rav in viznitz in Beit Shemesh his second daughter married Rabbi chaim tzvi meizlish Rav of shikun Satmar in Bnei Brak his third daughter is married to reb chaim tzvi teitelbaum from beit shemesh and his youngest daughter is married to Rabbi Menachem Mendel Hager from bnei brak
7. ^http://5tjt.com/vizhnitz-simcha-complications/
8. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/Flash.aspx/235287|title=Second Vizhnitz Rebbe Falls Ill|publisher=Israel National News|date=20 March 2012|accessdate=22 March 2012}}
9. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/16/obituaries/rabbi-mordechai-hager-dead-led-large-hasidic-sect.html|title=Rabbi Mordechai Hager, Leader of Large Hasidic Sect, Dies at 95|last=Berger|first=Joseph|date=2018-03-16|work=The New York Times|access-date=2018-03-23|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}
10. ^http://hamodia.com/2018/03/16/vizhnitzer-rebbe-harav-mordechai-hager/
11. ^http://westchester.news12.com/story/37744891/mourners-say-final-farewell-to-grand-rabbi-in-monsey
12. ^https://www.theyeshivaworld.com/news/general/1491750/boruch-dayan-haemmes-levaya-of-vishnitzer-rebbe-of-monsey-zatzal.html