“Vizzini”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Vizzini is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Catania, on the island of Sicily, southern Italy. It is located {{convert|60|km|mi}} from Catania in the Hyblaean Mountains, on the most northwesterly slopes of Monte Lauro.

The commune territory is bounded by the comuni of Buccheri, Francofonte, Giarratana, Licodia Eubea, Militello in Val di Catania, Mineo.

History

Bidis, a Roman city mentioned by Pliny and Cicero, stood here in a territory that has been inhabited since prehistoric times.^[1]

The modern town developed in the Middle Ages around a now non-extant castle,^[2] as a fief of various lords, including the Chiaromontes and the Schittinos, although for many years it was also part of the royal domain.

In 1415, the Jewish community of Vizzini was expelled by Queen Blanca, and was never permitted to return.

On the 14th of July, 1943 the town of Vizzini was liberated from fascist forces by the British military. Specifically, by that time Vizzini was occupied by a small detachment of forces from Nazi Germany, and the XXX Corps under General Montgomery consisting largely of M4 Sherman Tanks, which easily overpowered the small group of German tanks that were present in the town before this. The town had been in the American occupational zone and this caused some confusion when British forces liberated the town first.^[3]

Main sights

The Arab layout of the town can be clearly seen passing from Via Verga to Via San Gregorio Magno and proceeding as far as Largo della Matrice, a square with a statue of St. Gregory in the middle and the Chiesa Madre (S. Gregorio Magno) at one side.

The portal on the left face of the church, in splendid 15th-century Gothic-Catalan style, probably came from the old Town Hall, destroyed by the earthquake in 1693; in the interior there are late 18th century stuccos and a wooden ceiling by Natale Bonaiuto, as well as two paintings (The Martyrdom of St. Laurence and the Madonna delle Mercede) by Filippo Paladini (or Paladino), born in Florence about 1544. Another painting by Paladino, The Deposition (1607), is in the Chiesa del Convento dei Cappuccini.

Nearby is the Chiesa di Sant'Agata, rebuilt in the 18th century on the site of a previous 15th-century building and houses a pipe organ^[4] created around 1770.

The church of San Giovanni Battista is from the 18th century. The stuccos decorating the interior are by Natale Bonaiuto (also mentioned with reference to the Chiesa Madre).

The front of Chiesa S. Teresa is said to be the setting for scenes from Cavalleria Rusticana, the libretto of which is based on the play of the same name by Giovanni Verga, who lived in Vizzini for a time.

Antonello Gagini is present in the Chiesa dei Minori Osservanti, with a fine statue of the Madonna and Child (1527).

Religious buildings

Palaces and other buildings

Culture

The writer Giovanni Verga used Vizzini as the setting for his Cavalleria Rusticana and Mastro Don Gesualdo, describing places and scenes that are still recognizable (the prickly pears of Cunziria, and in a sloping alley the house of the Trao family).

People

Economy

The economy of the commune is mainly agricultural (cereals, prickly pears, vegetables, sumac). Other activities include handmade shoes and carpentry.

Transportation

Buses travel to and near Vizzini regularly from surrounding cities Catania and Ragusa. Major operators include AST and ETNA.

The railway station Vizzini-Licodia is situated 6 km outside the city in the frazione of Vizzini Scalo.

Events

See also

Twin towns

References

1. ^Sicily and Its Islands, 2004 - Ugo La Rosa editore
2. ^AA. VV., Castelli medievali di Sicilia - Guida agli itinerari castellani dell'isola, Grafiche Renna, Palermo 2001"VIZZINI - Denominazione: castello o torre di Vizzini; turris Bizini.Cartografia IGM: 273 II N.O. Vizzini. Dati catastali: Vizzini, F° 80, partt. 1847, 2049. Bibliografia essenziale:Amico 1855-56. II, pp. 663-66; Maurici 1992. p. 384; SMDS, VII, pp.80-83. C.M.B"
3. ^Bitter Victory: The Battle for Sicily, July-August 1943 by Carlo D'Este, pg. 326-328
4. ^Giusy Larinà -Towards a typology of decorative façades in 18th-century Sicilian organs (This article was published in Italian in Il Canto dell'Aquila, (Centro di Studi Musicali per il Meridione, Caltagirone) July 1990, pp102-111.)Photographs courtesy of Vincenzo Piluso.English translation by N. Waanders 2001 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071008103254/http://www.concordanza.com/misc/si_tipol/si3.html |date=8 October 2007 }}
5. ^Joan Boscà i Almogàver was a student of Lucio Marineo Siculo from Vizzini, Italy
6. ^Biblioteca Comunale "Lucio Marineo" {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090703124314/http://www.comune.vizzini.ct-egov.it/La_Citt%C3%A0/Biblioteche/biblioteca.asp |date=3 July 2009 }}
7. ^[https://www.jstor.org/pss/3039259 JSTOR: Renaissance Quarterly, Vol. 50, No. 3 (Autumn, 1997 ), pp. 701-722:# Marineo Siculo: A Protagonist of Humanism in Spain(Erika Rummel)] {{dead link|date=May 2014}}
8. ^Rocksticana, concorso musicale per gruppi emergenti {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081119150544/http://www.rocksticana.infovizzini.it/ |date=19 November 2008 }}
9. ^Biography: Bernard Law Montgomery: jewishvirtuallibrary.org