| 词条 | Vladimir Ivashko |
| 释义 |
| name = Vladimir Ivashko Владимир Ивашко {{ru icon}} Володимир Івашко {{uk icon}} | image = Vladimir Ivashko.jpg | imagesize = 190px | office = General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union {{small|Acting}} |term_start = 24 August 1991 |term_end = 29 August 1991 |predecessor = Mikhail Gorbachev |successor = Office abolished | office1 = Deputy General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union | 1blankname1 = General Secretary | 1namedata1 = Mikhail Gorbachev | term_start1 = 12 July 1990 | term_end1 = 29 August 1991 | predecessor1 = Yegor Ligachev | successor1 = Office abolished | office2 = First Secretary of the Communist Party of Ukraine | term_start2 = 28 September 1989 | term_end2 = 22 June 1990 | predecessor2 = Volodymyr Shcherbytsky | successor2 = Stanislav Hurenko | office3 = Full member of the 27th, 28th Politburo | term_start3 = 9 December 1989 | term_end3 = 29 August 1991 | office4 = Member of the 28th Secretariat | term_start4 = 14 July 1990 | term_end4 = 29 August 1991 | birth_date = 28 October 1932 | birth_place = Poltava, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union | death_date = {{death date and age|1994|11|13|1932|10|28|df=y}} | death_place = Moscow, Russian Federation | party = Communist Party of the Soviet Union | relations = | spouse = | children = | residence = | occupation = | signature = Volodymyr Ivashko Signature 1990.png | website = | footnotes = }}Vladimir Antonovich Ivashko ({{lang-ru|Влади́мир Анто́нович Ива́шко}}; {{lang-ua|Володимир Антонович Івашко}}, Volodymyr Ivashko) (28 October 1932 – 13 November 1994), was a Soviet Ukrainian politician, briefly acting as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) during the period from 24 August 1991 to 29 August 1991. On 24 August Mikhail Gorbachev resigned, and on 29 August the CPSU was suspended by the Supreme Soviet. Before becoming General Secretary he had been voted Gorbachev's Deputy General Secretary within the Party on 12 July 1990, a newly created position as a result of the 28th Congress of the Communist Party The Communist Party in between Gorbachev's resignation and its suspension was politically impotent. By the time of the 28th Congress in July 1990, the party was largely regarded as being unable to lead the country and had, in fifteen republics, split into opposing factions favouring either independent republics or the continuation of the Soviet Union. Stripped of its leading role in society, the party lost its authority to lead the nation or the cohesion that kept the party united. Actual political power lay in the positions of President of the Soviet Union (held by Gorbachev) and President of the Russian SFSR (held by Boris Yeltsin). During the August coup he did not make public statements but on behalf of the Secretariat of the CPSU Central Committee distributed letters to local party organizations calling on them to uphold the CPSU. Mikhail Gorbachev brought in his ally Ivashko in to replace the long-serving Volodymyr Shcherbytsky as First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Ukrainian SSR on 28 September 1989. Ivashko led the Communists to victory in the first relatively free parliamentary election held in the Ukrainian SSR, which took place from 4 March to 18 March 1990, the Communists winning 331 seats to the 'Democratic Bloc's' 111 seats. Ivashko was elected by the communist majority to the post of the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian SSR on 4 June 1990. Since the abandonment by the Communists of their `leading role` in early 1990 this position now superseded that of First Secretary of the Communist Party as most powerful position in the Ukraine. He resigned his position as First Secretary on 22 June 1990 following opposition demonstrations against his occupation of both the First Secretary post and Chairmanship of the Rada. However, on 9 July 1990 he too resigned as Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian SSR after declining to be recalled to Kiev during the 28th Congress of the Communist Party in Moscow, and a few days later successfully secured the position of Deputy General Secretary of the CPSU. Ivashko retired in 1992 and died on 13 November 1994, at the age of 62 after an undetermined "long illness". External links
(acting) | years=4 June 1990 – 9 July 1990}}{{s-ppo}}{{succession box |title=General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union acting | before=Mikhail Gorbachev | after=Office abolished | years=24–29 August 1991}}{{succession box |title=First Secretary the Communist Party of the Ukrainian SSR| before=Volodymyr Shcherbytsky | after=Stanislav Hurenko | years=28 September 1989 – 22 June 1990}}{{succession box |title=Second Secretary the Communist Party of the Ukrainian SSR| before=Oleksiy Titarenko | after=Stanislav Hurenko | years=8 February 1986 – 28 September 1989}}{{s-end}}{{Leaders of CPSU}}{{Leaders of the Ruling Parties of the Eastern Bloc}}{{Presidents of Ukraine}}{{Verkhovna Rada}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Ivashko, Vladimir}} 16 : 1932 births|1994 deaths|People from Poltava|Heads of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union|Ukrainian atheists|Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine members|Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union members|Soviet politicians|Politicians of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic|Chairmen of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic|Soviet leaders of Ukraine|Governors of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast|Ukrainian emigrants to Russia|First convocation members of the Verkhovna Rada|Eleventh convocation members of the Verkhovna Rada of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic|21st-century Ukrainian politicians |
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