| 词条 | Vladimír Železný |
| 释义 |
|name = Vladimír Železný |image = VladimirZelezny PWF2010.jpg |office = Senator of the Czech Republic (Znojmo circuit) |primeminister = |term_start = 2002 |term_end = 2004 |predecessor = Milan Špaček |successor = Milan Špaček |office2 = Member of the European Parliament |primeminister2 = |term_start2 = 2004 |term_end2 = 2009 |predecessor2 = |successor2 = |office3 = |president3 = |term_start3 = |term_end3 = |predecessor3 = |successor3 = |president4 = |term_start4 = |term_end4 = |predecessor4 = |successor4 = |office5 = |primeminister5 = |term_start5 = |term_end5 = |predecessor5 = |successor5 = |birth_date = {{birth date and age|1945|03|13|df=y}} |birth_place = Samara, Soviet Union (now Russia) |death_date = |death_place = |party = Libertas.cz (2009- ) Independent Democrats (Czech Republic) (2004-2009) |spouse = {{ill|lt=Marta Železná-Davouze|Marta Davouze|cs}} Konstancie Železná |children = 2 sons |alma_mater = Charles University |profession = Publicist |signature = |website = vladimirzelezny.cz }}Vladimír Železný (born 3 March 1945 in Samara, Soviet Union) is a media businessman and politician in the Czech Republic. He was the first CEO of TV NOVA, a popular Czech television station and was a member of the European Parliament between 2004 and 2009. As a media mogul with political influence, he has been compared to Rupert Murdoch and Silvio Berlusconi.[1][2] Early life and media careerBorn to a Jewish family,[3] Železný made headlines in 1968, at the age of 23, when he broadcast in defiance of orders pictures of Russian tanks driving through Prague during the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia.[1] In 1993 he applied with five others for a license to broadcast a private television channel to show classical music, cultural programmes and current affairs. He obtained a €140m investment from the American firm, Central European Media Enterprises (CME) to fund the enterprise. Due to the Czech Media Council's rules against foreign ownership, the license was granted to a company controlled by Železný - CET21 - which, with the legal assistance of Miroslav Šipovič [4] signed a licensing agreement with a joint venture partly owned by CME. In February 1994 he launched TV NOVA which became the most popular network, although it was criticised as undermining the cultural tradition of Czechs.[1][5] In 1999 CET21 terminated the licensing agreement, effectively seizing control of the station and making CME's investment worthless. Subsequently, some 20 suits started in front of the Czech courts and international tribunals. While the CME (at the time incorporated in Netherlands and controlled by American national Ronald Lauder) started UNCITRAL arbitration proceedings against the Czech Republic (in Stockholm) under the Bilateral investment treaty between the Czech Republic and Netherlands, Ronald Lauder himself started UNCITRAL arbitration proceedings against the Czech Republic (in London) under the Bilateral investment treaty between the Czech Republic and the United States. While the London tribunal dismissed the claim by Lauder, the Stockholm tribunal, effectively dealing with the same issue, found the Czech Republic liable for not protecting the CME's investment in the Czech Republic and awarded CME damages of $270 million, which were eventually paid from taxpayers' money.[6] Under a different arbitration award, Železný was to pay damages of $23 million.{{citation needed|date=February 2011}} CME also eventually regained control of the channel.[1] From November 2013[7][8] to March 2014[9] he was the CEO of TV Barrandov. Political careerIn 2002, Železný was elected to the Czech Senate for the Znojmo circuit. Analysts said he selected the seat based on the high ratings of TV Nova and high rates of unemployment and said he was "widely suspected" of seeking election only to secure parliamentary immunity.[10][11] In 2004 he was elected to the European Parliament. He founded the Independent Democrats (Nezávislí demokraté) in 2005 and was elected its chairman. In 2006 he unsuccessfully sought election to the Chamber of Deputies. In 2008 he told Prague Radio he was a "fierce eurosceptic" and said the European Union was "an over-regulated environment which strongly resembles what we know from our communist past" In 2009 he launched Libertas.cz.[5] Criminal activitiesHe was suspected of selling property and making a speculative agreement with a Liechtenstein company to avoid paying his debt to CME.[5][17][12] Later he was freed of the charges.[19] In 2007 he was found guilty of tax evasion in connection to paintings he had imported in 1998, fined €250,000 and given a two-year suspended jail sentence with a two-year probation. The verdict was later upheld by the High Court in Prague.[13] In 2001 he was publicly arrested and charged with tax evasion and defrauding creditors in connection with the Nova company.[1][5] In 2003 the Senate voted to lift his immunity to allow the police to investigate and in 2005 the European Parliament followed suit.[14][15] Later he was freed of the charges.[13] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/europe/sun-sets-for-man-who-gave-czechs-the-naked-weathergirls-682384.html] {{dead link|date=May 2015}} 2. ^[https://web.archive.org/web/20070930225230/http://www.mdr.de/windrose/archiv/446849.html Der Fernseh-Politiker (The TV-Politician)], (German), Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk, 2002-12-18, accessed on 2009-01-22. Archived 3. ^Philadelphia Inquirer: "Franz Kafka Is Celebrated At Last In His Native Prague He Symbolizes The Capital's Past Vitality" by Dan Stets July 28, 1992 4. ^{{Citation|last=Jakl|first=René|author=|authorlink=|coauthors=|author-separator=|editor=|editorn=|editorn-last=|editorn-first=|editor-link=|editorn-link=|others=|title=The many faces of Železný|url=http://www.praguetribune.cz/2002/12/7.htm|accessdate=|edition=|series=|volume=|date=|origyear=|year=2009|month=|publisher=The Prague Tribune|location=|language=|isbn=|oclc=|doi=|doi-inactive-date=|bibcode=|id=|page=93|pages=|nopp=|at=|chapter=|chapterurl=|quote=|laysummary=|laydate=|separator=|postscript=|lastauthoramp=|ref=|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304233019/http://www.praguetribune.cz/2002/12/7.htm|archivedate=2016-03-04|df=}} 5. ^1 2 3 Czech Libertas recruit has conviction for evading duty, Irish Times, 2009-01-22 6. ^{{Citation|last=Dimsey|first=Mariel|author=|authorlink=|coauthors=|author-separator=|editor=|editorn=|editorn-last=|editorn-first=|editor-link=|editorn-link=|others=|title=The resolution of international investment disputes: challenges and solutions|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fYcOnI28z9sC&lpg=PA93&ots=I3tmjsa9Gp&dq=lauder%20v%20czech%20republic&hl=cs&pg=PA94#v=onepage&q=lauder%20v%20czech%20republic&f=false|format=|accessdate=|edition=|series=|volume=|date=|origyear=|year=2009|month=|publisher=Eleven International Publishing|location=|language=|isbn=|oclc=|doi=|doi-inactive-date=|bibcode=|id=|page=93|pages=|nopp=|at=|chapter=|chapterurl=|quote=|laysummary=|laydate=|separator=|postscript=|lastauthoramp=|ref=}} 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.barrandov.tv/rubriky/novinky/vladimir-zelezny-novym-generalnim-reditelem-televize-barrandov_1351.html |title=Vladimír Železný novým generálním ředitelem Televize Barrandov |website=Barrandov.tv |date=2013-10-24 |accessdate=2016-04-09}} 8. ^{{cite web|author= |url=http://zpravy.idnes.cz/vladimir-zelezny-reditel-tv-barrandov-dhu-/domaci.aspx?c=A131023_113139_domaci_jj |title=Bývalý šéf Novy Vladimír Železný je novým ředitelem TV Barrandov - iDNES.cz |website=Zpravy.idnes.cz |date= |accessdate=2016-04-09}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.denik.cz/ekonomika/reditel-barrandova-vladimir-zelezny-konci-20140313.html |title=Ředitel televize Barrandov Vladimír Železný končí - Deník.cz |website=Denik.cz |date=2014-03-13 |accessdate=2016-04-09}} 10. ^Constitution Watch - A country-by-country update on constitutional politics in Eastern Europe and the ex-USSR {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060913085916/http://www.law.nyu.edu/eecr/vol11_12num4_1/constitutionwatch/constwatch.pdf |date=2006-09-13 }}, East European Constitutional Review (a joint publication of the New York University School of Law and the Central European University), 2002-12-01, accessed on 2009-01-22 11. ^Zynischer Populist ohne politische Überzeugung (Cynical populist with no political ideology) (German), die tageszeitung, 2004-06-14, accessed on 2009-01-22 12. ^CME/Lauder vs. Czech Republic - Case Comment & Introductory Note{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}, Thomas Wälde, 2003-06-01, accessed on 2009-01-22 13. ^1 2 {{cite web|author= |url=http://zpravy.idnes.cz/vladimir-zelezny-podminka-kraceni-dani-ustavni-soud-f96-/krimi.aspx?c=A111114_163005_krimi_cen |title=Ústavní soud potvrdil Vladimíru Železnému podmínku za krácení daní - iDNES.cz |website=Zpravy.idnes.cz |date= |accessdate=2016-04-09}} 14. ^1 Zelezny case highlights imperfections in parliamentary immunity law, Český rozhlas, 2003-01-29, accessed on 2009-01-22 15. ^The European Parliament has decided to strip Czech MEP Vladimir Zelezny of immunity {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061005115741/http://www.radio.cz/en/news/71661 |date=2006-10-05 }}, Český rozhlas, 2005-10-13, accessed on 2009-01-22 External links
Media, articles, case studies
8 : People from Samara, Russia|1945 births|Czech Jews|Living people|Independent Democrats (Czech Republic) MEPs|MEPs for the Czech Republic 2004–09|Members of the Senate of the Czech Republic|Czech eurosceptics |
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