“All-Party Parliamentary Group on Human Rights”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The APPG for Human Rights, alternatively known as the Parliamentary Human Rights Group (PHRG) is a group within the Parliament of the United Kingdom consisting of members from all political parties. Its role is to promote and facilitate human rights work by politicians who usually spend most of their time dealing with matters that affect their local constituency.

History

PHRG was founded in 1976 by Eric Lubbock, Lord Avebury, after he was encouraged to concentrate more on international human rights by Martin Ennals, the then director of Amnesty International.^[1] Avebury was Chairman of PHRG until 1997 when Labour MP Ann Clwyd took over. Avebury remained Vice-Chair of PHRG along with Jeremy Corbyn MP until his death in 2016.^[2]

The organisation is currently run from Clwyd's office with funding from the Barrow Cadbury Trust.^[3] The organisation undertakes activities such as writing briefings for UK attendees at the Inter-Parliamentary Union and organising meetings in Parliamentary committee rooms on diverse thematic and country-related human rights situations. They have held meetings on subjects ranging from statelessness^[4] to Dalit rights^[5] and undertaken country visits to Pakistan to report on the situation of the Ahmadiyya community.^[6]

The Human Rights Handbook (1979) stated listed situations which PHRG had advocated on in its first three years to include 'the abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union; human rights violations in Brazil, Argentina, Chile; human rights and the Press; Namibia; human rights and the UN...'^[7]

In December 2015, Clwyd stated in an article for Amnesty International that the UK should remain committed to the international human rights framework. This came at a time in which there was a growing perception that the British government, especially after the narrow Conservative victory in the 2015 General Election, had de-prioritised human rights as part of the work of the Foreign Office.^[8] Sir Simon McDonald, Permanent Secretary at the Foreign Office admitted to a Commons committee in 2015 that human rights work "was secondary also to the need to promote British companies abroad", according to The Independent.^[9]

Following the election of Jeremy Corbyn as Labour leader in 2015 and the death of Lord Avebury in 2016, new members such as SNP MP Margaret Ferrier joined the group.^[10]

References

1. ^{{Cite web|url=https://vimeo.com/154170120|title=A Liberal Life: Eric Lubbock at the National Liberal Club|last=Lubbock|first=John|date=4 February 2016|website=Vimeo|publisher=|access-date=26 October 2016}}
2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://humanism.org.uk/2016/02/15/bha-mourns-eric-lubbock-1928-2016-human-rights-campaigner-and-humanist/|title=BHA mourns Lord Avebury (1928–2016), human rights campaigner and humanist|last=|first=|date=15 February 2016|website=humanism.org.uk|publisher=|access-date=26 October 2016}}
3. ^{{Cite web|url=http://appg-humanrights.org.uk/?page_id=12|title=Donors|last=|first=|date=|website=appg-humanrights.org.uk|publisher=All Party Parliamentary Group on Human Rights|access-date=26 October 2016}}
4. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.statelessness.eu/news-events/news/all-party-parliamentary-human-rights-group-panel-event-statelessness|title=All-Party Parliamentary Human Rights Group panel event on Statelessness|last=|first=|date=23 November 2015|website=statelessness.eu|publisher=|access-date=26 October 2016}}
5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://dsnuk.org/2016/07/19/appg-for-dalits-and-the-parliamentary-human-rights-group-on-the-24th-of-may-2016-hosted-a-successful-event-at-the-houses-of-parliament-titled-dalit-rights-are-human-rights/|title=APPG for Dalits and the Parliamentary Human Rights Group on the 24th of May 2016 hosted a successful event at the Houses of Parliament titled “Dalit Rights are Human Rights”|last=Kleinaityte|first=Danni|date=19 July 2016|website=Dalit Solidarity Network UK|publisher=Dalit Solidarity Network UK|access-date=26 October 2016}}
6. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.no-deportations.org.uk/Media-3/Ahmadiyya.html|title=Report of the Parliamentary Human Rights Group (PHRG) Fact Finding Mission to Pakistan|last=Avebury|first=Eric|date=27 October 2010|website=no-deportations.co.uk|publisher=|access-date=26 October 2016}}
7. ^{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/?id=nQCwCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA17&lpg=PA17&dq=%22Parliamentary+Human+Rights+Group%22#v=onepage&q=%22Parliamentary%20Human%20Rights%20Group%22&f=false|title=The Human Rights Handbook: A guide to British and American international Human Rights Organisations|last=Garling|first=Marguerite|publisher=Marguerite Writers' & Scholars' Educational Trust|year=1979|isbn=9781349160488|location=|pages=17|quote=|via=Google Books}}
8. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/apr/05/human-rights-work-has-been-downgraded-by-foreign-office-say-mps|title=Human Rights Work Has Been Downgraded By The Foreign Office Say MPs|last=Wintour|first=Patrick|date=5 April 2016|website=The Guardian|publisher=The Guardian|access-date=26 October 2016}}
9. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/human-rights-are-no-longer-a-top-priority-for-the-government-says-foreign-office-chief-a6677661.html|title=Human rights are no longer a 'top priority' for the Government, says Foreign Office chief|last=Wright|first=Oliver|date=2 October 2015|website=independent.co.uk|publisher=The Independent|access-date=26 October 2016}}
10. ^{{Cite web|url=http://appg-humanrights.org.uk/?page_id=10|title=Membership {{!}} All-Party Parliamentary Human Rights Group|website=appg-humanrights.org.uk|language=en-US|access-date=2017-03-07}}