| 词条 | Voiced epiglottal trill | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|above=Voiced pharyngeal trill (voiced epiglottal fricative) |ipa symbol=ʢ |ipa number=174 |decimal=674 |x-sampa=<\\ |kirshenbaum= |braille=35 |braille2=; |imagefile=Voiced epiglottal fricative (vector).svg |imagesize=150px }} The voiced epiglottal or pharyngeal trill, also analyzed as a fricative,[1] is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is {{angle bracket|{{IPA|ʢ}}}}. Few languages distinguish between pharyngeal and epiglottal fricatives/trills, and in fact the fricatives in Arabic are routinely described as "pharyngeal". However, according to Peter Ladefoged, the Aghul spoken in the village of Burkikhan, Dagestan has both (as well as an epiglottal stop). FeaturesFeatures of the voiced epiglottal trill/fricative: {{trill}}{{epiglottal}}{{voiced}}{{oral}}{{central articulation}}{{pulmonic}}Occurrence
See also
Notes1. ^John Esling (2010) "Phonetic Notation", in Hardcastle, Laver & Gibbon (eds) The Handbook of Phonetic Sciences, 2nd ed., p 695. 2. ^Kodzasov, S. V. Pharyngeal Features in the Daghestan Languages. Proceedings of the Eleventh International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (Tallinn, Estonia, Aug 1-7 1987), pp. 142-144. 3. ^{{Harvcoltxt|Ladefoged|Maddieson|1996|pp=167–168}} 4. ^Zeki Hassan, John Esling, Scott Moisik, & lise Crevier-Buchman (2011) "Aryepiglottic trilled variants of /ʕ, ħ/ in Iraqi Arabic". Proceedings of the 17th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (pp. 831–834), Hong Kong. 5. ^Mr. Christfried Naumann, Doctoral Student, Department of Linguistics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. June 26, 2009. References{{refbegin}}
|last=Ladefoged |first=Peter |authorlink=Peter Ladefoged |last2=Maddieson |first2=Ian |authorlink2=Ian Maddieson |year=1996 |title=The Sounds of the World's Languages |location=Oxford |publisher=Blackwell |ISBN=0-631-19815-6 }}{{refend}}{{IPA navigation}} 3 : Trill consonants|Pulmonic consonants|Voiced oral consonants |
||||||||||||||||||||
| 随便看 |
|
||||||||||||||||||||
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。