| 词条 | Votkinsk |
| 释义 |
|en_name=Votkinsk |ru_name=Воткинск |loc_name1=Вотка |loc_lang1=Udmurt |image_skyline=Votkinsk center.jpg |image_caption=Central Square in Votkinsk |coordinates = {{coord|57|03|N|54|00|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=top |image_coa=Coat of Arms of Votkinsk (Udmurtia).png |coa_caption= |image_flag=Flag of Votkinsk (Udmurtia).png |flag_caption= |anthem= |anthem_ref= |holiday= |holiday_ref= |federal_subject=Udmurt Republic |federal_subject_ref=[1] |adm_data_as_of=March 2011 |adm_city_jur=town of republic significance of Votkinsk |adm_city_jur_ref=[1] |adm_ctr_of1=town of republic significance of Votkinsk |adm_ctr_of1_ref=[1] |adm_ctr_of2=Votkinsky District |adm_ctr_of2_ref=[1] |inhabloc_cat=Town |inhabloc_cat_ref=[1] |inhabloc_type= |inhabloc_type_ref= |mun_data_as_of=November 2004 |urban_okrug_jur=Votkinsk Urban Okrug |urban_okrug_jur_ref=[6] |mun_admctr_of1=Votkinsk Urban Okrug |mun_admctr_of1_ref=[6] |mun_admctr_of2=Votkinsky Municipal District |mun_admctr_of2_ref=[1] |leader_title=Head |leader_title_ref= |leader_name=Vladimir Perevozchikov |leader_name_ref= |representative_body= |representative_body_ref= |area_of_what= |area_as_of= |area_km2= |area_km2_ref= |pop_2010census=99022 |pop_2010census_rank=168th |pop_2010census_ref=[2] |pop_density= |pop_density_as_of= |pop_density_ref= |pop_latest= |pop_latest_date= |pop_latest_ref= |established_date=1759 |established_title= |established_date_ref=[10] |current_cat_date=1935 |current_cat_date_ref= |prev_name1= |prev_name1_date= |prev_name1_ref= |postal_codes=427430-427459 |postal_codes_ref= |dialing_codes=34145 |dialing_codes_ref= |website=http://votkinsk.ru/ |website_ref= |date=May 2010 }} Votkinsk ({{lang-ru|Во́ткинск}}; {{lang-udm|Вотка}}, Votka) is an industrial town in the Udmurt Republic, Russia. Population: {{ru-census|p2010=99,022|p2002=99,441|p1989=103,509}} HistoryIt was established in April{{citation needed|date=May 2010}} 1759,[3] initially as a center for metallurgical enterprises, and the economic focus on metal related industry remains. Town status was officially granted to it in 1935.{{citation needed|date=May 2010}} The city of Votkinsk was one of the residence centers of the Udmurt Jews, who spoke Udmurtish Yiddish.[4] Administrative and municipal statusWithin the framework of administrative divisions, Votkinsk serves as the administrative center of Votkinsky District, even though it is not a part of it.[5] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the town of republic significance of Votkinsk—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[5] As a municipal division, the town of republic significance of Votkinsk is incorporated as Votkinsk Urban Okrug.[6] EconomyThe Moscow Institute of Thermal Technology operates a machine plant in the town, the Votkinsk Machine Building Plant, which produces some of Russia's long-range ballistic missiles. Under the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) concluded between the United States and the Soviet Union, the missile production facility at Votkinsk was selected for long-term on-site monitoring by U.S. inspectors. The corresponding site for the Soviet Union in the United States was the Hercules missile production facility in Salt Lake City, Utah. The town gives its name to the nearby Votkinsk Reservoir, filled in the 1960s following the construction of a dam for the Votkinsk Hydroelectric Station. SportsThe bandy team Znamya-Udmurtiya[7] has played in the highest division, and nowadays play in the second highest, Russian Bandy Supreme League. Notable peopleThe town is the birthplace of Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, a Russian composer who spent the first eight years of his life here. Today, the house of his birth is home to the Tchaikovsky Museum. Also the high jumper Rudolf Povarnitsyn was born in Votkinsk. His greatest achievement was a bronze medal at the 1988 Summer Olympics for the USSR. His personal best jump of 2.40 metres, set in Donetsk, was also the world record from August 11 to September 4, 1985, when Igor Paklin beat it by one centimetre. Rudolf's record is unique in that his personal best preceding his record setting competition was 2.26 m.[8] International relationsVotkinsk has a sister city, as designated by Sister Cities International:
ReferencesNotes1. ^Law #63-RZ 2. ^{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}} 3. ^1 {{cite book|title=Энциклопедия Города России|year=2003|publisher=Большая Российская Энциклопедия|location=Moscow|isbn=5-7107-7399-9|pages=94}} 4. ^Altyntsev A.V., "The Concept of Love in Ashkenazim of Udmurtia and Tatarstan", Nauka Udmurtii. 2013. № 4 (66), p. 131. (Алтынцев А.В., "Чувство любви в понимании евреев-ашкенази Удмуртии и Татарстана". Наука Удмуртии. 2013. №4. С. 131: Комментарии.) {{ru icon}} 5. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 Law #46-RZ 6. ^1 2 Law #68-RZ 7. ^ 8. ^{{cite web |title=Athletics – World Record progression |work=International Olympic Committee | url=http://www.olympic.org/common/asp/download_report.asp?file=en_report_88.pdf&id=88 |accessdate=December 29, 2006}} Sources
1 : Cities and towns in Udmurtia |
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